See haugaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for haugaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*haug"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *haug\nOld Saxon: *hōg\nMiddle Low German: hôch, hö̂\n⇒ Middle Low German: hö̂chil\n⇒ Middle Low German: hö̂chillîn, hö̂chilîn\nOld High German: houg (in compounds: steinenhoug, marchoug, etc.)\nMiddle High German: houc\n⇒ Middle High German: hogil\n⇒ German: Hügel\n→ Old French: hoge (also possibly via Old Norse haugr)\n⇒ Old French: ahoge, ahuge\n→ Middle English: huge\nScots: huge, hudge\nEnglish: huge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *haug\nOld Saxon: *hōg\nMiddle Low German: hôch, hö̂\n⇒ Middle Low German: hö̂chil\n⇒ Middle Low German: hö̂chillîn, hö̂chilîn\nOld High German: houg (in compounds: steinenhoug, marchoug, etc.)\nMiddle High German: houc\n⇒ Middle High German: hogil\n⇒ German: Hügel\n→ Old French: hoge (also possibly via Old Norse haugr)\n⇒ Old French: ahoge, ahuge\n→ Middle English: huge\nScots: huge, hudge\nEnglish: huge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "haugr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: haugr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: haugr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "haugur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: haugur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: haugur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "heygur",
"3": "heyggjur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: heygur, heyggjur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: heygur, heyggjur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "haug"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: haug",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: haug"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "haug"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: haug",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: haug"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "høgher",
"alt": "hø̄gher"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: hø̄gher",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: hø̄gher"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hög"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: hög",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: hög"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "høgh"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: høgh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: høgh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Danish: høg, høw"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "høj"
},
"expansion": "Danish: høj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: høj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "houȝ",
"3": "hogh",
"4": "hoo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: houȝ, hogh, hoo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: houȝ, hogh, hoo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hog",
"3": "howe",
"4": "how"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hog, howe, how",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hog, howe, how"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hough",
"3": "hoe",
"4": "how",
"5": "howe"
},
"expansion": "English: hough, hoe, how, howe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hough, hoe, how, howe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "hill, elevation"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“hill, elevation”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“hill, elevation”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "haugaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haugōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haug",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "haugōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "haugōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "haugą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hauganz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haugas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haugai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haugaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"height; hill"
],
"id": "en-haugaz-gem-pro-noun-dkuiR9uA",
"links": [
[
"height",
"height"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "hauhaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɑu̯.ɣɑz/"
}
],
"word": "haugaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*haug"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *haug\nOld Saxon: *hōg\nMiddle Low German: hôch, hö̂\n⇒ Middle Low German: hö̂chil\n⇒ Middle Low German: hö̂chillîn, hö̂chilîn\nOld High German: houg (in compounds: steinenhoug, marchoug, etc.)\nMiddle High German: houc\n⇒ Middle High German: hogil\n⇒ German: Hügel\n→ Old French: hoge (also possibly via Old Norse haugr)\n⇒ Old French: ahoge, ahuge\n→ Middle English: huge\nScots: huge, hudge\nEnglish: huge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *haug\nOld Saxon: *hōg\nMiddle Low German: hôch, hö̂\n⇒ Middle Low German: hö̂chil\n⇒ Middle Low German: hö̂chillîn, hö̂chilîn\nOld High German: houg (in compounds: steinenhoug, marchoug, etc.)\nMiddle High German: houc\n⇒ Middle High German: hogil\n⇒ German: Hügel\n→ Old French: hoge (also possibly via Old Norse haugr)\n⇒ Old French: ahoge, ahuge\n→ Middle English: huge\nScots: huge, hudge\nEnglish: huge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "haugr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: haugr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: haugr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "haugur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: haugur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: haugur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "heygur",
"3": "heyggjur"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: heygur, heyggjur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: heygur, heyggjur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "haug"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: haug",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: haug"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "haug"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: haug",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: haug"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "høgher",
"alt": "hø̄gher"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: hø̄gher",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: hø̄gher"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "hög"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: hög",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: hög"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "høgh"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: høgh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: høgh"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [],
"text": "Middle Danish: høg, høw"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "høj"
},
"expansion": "Danish: høj",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: høj"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "houȝ",
"3": "hogh",
"4": "hoo",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Middle English: houȝ, hogh, hoo",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Middle English: houȝ, hogh, hoo"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hog",
"3": "howe",
"4": "how"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hog, howe, how",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hog, howe, how"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hough",
"3": "hoe",
"4": "how",
"5": "howe"
},
"expansion": "English: hough, hoe, how, howe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hough, hoe, how, howe"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewk-",
"4": "",
"5": "hill, elevation"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“hill, elevation”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kewk- (“hill, elevation”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "haugaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haugōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haug",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "haugōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "haugōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "haugą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hauganz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haugas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haugai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "haugō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haugamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haugaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "hauhaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *kewk-",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"height; hill"
],
"links": [
[
"height",
"height"
],
[
"hill",
"hill"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɑu̯.ɣɑz/"
}
],
"word": "haugaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-07-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (e79c026 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.