See harjaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harjafardiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harjafulką"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harjamann-"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harjanaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harjawegaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harjawaldaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Harjaberhtaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Harjabrandaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Harigastiz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Harjamōdaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Harjawaldaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Harjawulfaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Albiharjaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Gunþiharjaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Uhtaharjaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Raginaharjaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "Waldaharjaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hari"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hari\nOld English: here\nMiddle English: here\nScots: here, heir, heyr\nOld Frisian: here, hire\nSaterland Frisian: Heer\nWest Frisian: hear\nOld Saxon: heri\nMiddle Low German: hēre, hēr\nOld Dutch: heri (in placenames)\nMiddle Dutch: here\nDutch: heer, heir\nAfrikaans: heer\nOld High German: heri\nMiddle High German: here, her\nGerman: Heer",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hari\nOld English: here\nMiddle English: here\nScots: here, heir, heyr\nOld Frisian: here, hire\nSaterland Frisian: Heer\nWest Frisian: hear\nOld Saxon: heri\nMiddle Low German: hēre, hēr\nOld Dutch: heri (in placenames)\nMiddle Dutch: here\nDutch: heer, heir\nAfrikaans: heer\nOld High German: heri\nMiddle High German: here, her\nGerman: Heer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*harjaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*harjaʀ) (attested in ᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨ (harja) and ᛊᚹᚨᛒᚨᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (swabaharjaʀ /Swābaharjaz/))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "herr",
"3": "-arr",
"qq2": "in names"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: herr, -arr (in names)\nIcelandic: her\nFaroese: herur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: her\nOld Swedish: hær\nSwedish: här\nDanish: hær\nNorwegian Bokmål: hær\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hær",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: herr, -arr (in names)\nIcelandic: her\nFaroese: herur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: her\nOld Swedish: hær\nSwedish: här\nDanish: hær\nNorwegian Bokmål: hær\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hær"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Germanic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃 (harjis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃 (harjis)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvn",
"2": "*haris"
},
"expansion": "Vandalic: *haris",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vandalic: *haris"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*karja",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *karja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *karja (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kóryos",
"4": "",
"5": "war, troops"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kóryos (“war, troops”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cuire",
"3": "",
"4": "troop, host, company; muster"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cuire (“troop, host, company; muster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kãras"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kãras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κοίρανος",
"3": "",
"4": "ruler, commander, military leader"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κοίρανος (koíranos, “ruler, commander, military leader”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎣𐎠𐎼",
"3": "",
"4": "people of war, army",
"ts": "kāra"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎣𐎠𐎼 (k-a-r /kāra/, “people of war, army”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kóryos (“war, troops”), from *ker- (“army”). Cognate with Old Irish cuire (“troop, host, company; muster”), Lithuanian kãras, kãrias (“war”), Ancient Greek κοίρανος (koíranos, “ruler, commander, military leader”), Old Persian 𐎣𐎠𐎼 (k-a-r /kāra/, “people of war, army”).\nPossibly attested as a vocative or combining form hari on Negau B, a helmet dated to 450–350 BCE (although the inscription may have been added much later with a terminus ante quem of 50 BCE, when the hoard was buried). First attested with certainty as runic harja (2nd century, Vimose), although the latter inscription may be considered to postdate Proto-Germanic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "harjaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harjai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harjaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harisjaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harjanaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "harjōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "64 36",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"army"
],
"id": "en-harjaz-gem-pro-noun-sv1c26Kx",
"links": [
[
"army",
"army"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"army leader; commander; warrior"
],
"id": "en-harjaz-gem-pro-noun-G2OQ8kPX",
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"commander",
"commander"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɑr.jɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "harjaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ker-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "harjafardiz"
},
{
"word": "harjafulką"
},
{
"word": "harjamann-"
},
{
"word": "harjanaz"
},
{
"word": "harjawegaz"
},
{
"word": "harjawaldaz"
},
{
"word": "Harjaberhtaz"
},
{
"word": "Harjabrandaz"
},
{
"word": "Harigastiz"
},
{
"word": "Harjamōdaz"
},
{
"word": "Harjawaldaz"
},
{
"word": "Harjawulfaz"
},
{
"word": "Albiharjaz"
},
{
"word": "Gunþiharjaz"
},
{
"word": "Uhtaharjaz"
},
{
"word": "Raginaharjaz"
},
{
"word": "Waldaharjaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hari"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hari\nOld English: here\nMiddle English: here\nScots: here, heir, heyr\nOld Frisian: here, hire\nSaterland Frisian: Heer\nWest Frisian: hear\nOld Saxon: heri\nMiddle Low German: hēre, hēr\nOld Dutch: heri (in placenames)\nMiddle Dutch: here\nDutch: heer, heir\nAfrikaans: heer\nOld High German: heri\nMiddle High German: here, her\nGerman: Heer",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hari\nOld English: here\nMiddle English: here\nScots: here, heir, heyr\nOld Frisian: here, hire\nSaterland Frisian: Heer\nWest Frisian: hear\nOld Saxon: heri\nMiddle Low German: hēre, hēr\nOld Dutch: heri (in placenames)\nMiddle Dutch: here\nDutch: heer, heir\nAfrikaans: heer\nOld High German: heri\nMiddle High German: here, her\nGerman: Heer"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*harjaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (*harjaʀ) (attested in ᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨ (harja) and ᛊᚹᚨᛒᚨᚺᚨᚱᛃᚨᛉ (swabaharjaʀ /Swābaharjaz/))"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "herr",
"3": "-arr",
"qq2": "in names"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: herr, -arr (in names)\nIcelandic: her\nFaroese: herur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: her\nOld Swedish: hær\nSwedish: här\nDanish: hær\nNorwegian Bokmål: hær\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hær",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: herr, -arr (in names)\nIcelandic: her\nFaroese: herur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: her\nOld Swedish: hær\nSwedish: här\nDanish: hær\nNorwegian Bokmål: hær\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: hær"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "East Germanic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃 (harjis)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐍂𐌾𐌹𐍃 (harjis)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "xvn",
"2": "*haris"
},
"expansion": "Vandalic: *haris",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vandalic: *haris"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*karja",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *karja",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *karja (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ker-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kóryos",
"4": "",
"5": "war, troops"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kóryos (“war, troops”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cuire",
"3": "",
"4": "troop, host, company; muster"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cuire (“troop, host, company; muster”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "kãras"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian kãras",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κοίρανος",
"3": "",
"4": "ruler, commander, military leader"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κοίρανος (koíranos, “ruler, commander, military leader”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "peo",
"2": "𐎣𐎠𐎼",
"3": "",
"4": "people of war, army",
"ts": "kāra"
},
"expansion": "Old Persian 𐎣𐎠𐎼 (k-a-r /kāra/, “people of war, army”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kóryos (“war, troops”), from *ker- (“army”). Cognate with Old Irish cuire (“troop, host, company; muster”), Lithuanian kãras, kãrias (“war”), Ancient Greek κοίρανος (koíranos, “ruler, commander, military leader”), Old Persian 𐎣𐎠𐎼 (k-a-r /kāra/, “people of war, army”).\nPossibly attested as a vocative or combining form hari on Negau B, a helmet dated to 450–350 BCE (although the inscription may have been added much later with a terminus ante quem of 50 BCE, when the hoard was buried). First attested with certainty as runic harja (2nd century, Vimose), although the latter inscription may be considered to postdate Proto-Germanic.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "harjaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hari",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harjōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "harją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harjas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "haris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harjai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "harjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "harjamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/harjaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "harisjaz"
},
{
"word": "harjanaz"
},
{
"word": "harjōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Military"
],
"glosses": [
"army"
],
"links": [
[
"army",
"army"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"army leader; commander; warrior"
],
"links": [
[
"leader",
"leader"
],
[
"commander",
"commander"
],
[
"warrior",
"warrior"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɑr.jɑz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "harjaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for harjaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.