See hangistaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hangistaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.6kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hangist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hangist\nOld English: hengest, hengst\n⇒ Middle English: henxman, henxtman, henshman\nEnglish: henchman\n→ Scots: hanchman\nScots: hensman, henceman (obsolete)\nOld Frisian: hengst, hangst, hanxt, hingst\nNorth Frisian: hingst\nSaterland Frisian: Houngst, Hoangst\nWest Frisian: hynst\n⇒ West Frisian: hynder\nOld Saxon: hengist\nMiddle Low German: hengest, hingest, hengst, hingst\nGerman Low German: Hingst\n→ Danish: hingst\n→ Lower Sorbian: hengist\n→ Norwegian: hingst\n→ Old Swedish: hingist\nSwedish: hingst\nOld Dutch: hengist\nMiddle Dutch: hengest, hinxt, henxt\nDutch: hengst\nAfrikaans: hings\nOld High German: hengist\nMiddle High German: hengest, hengst\nAlemannic German: Hengscht\nGerman: Hengst\nLuxembourgish: Hengscht\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Hengscht",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hangist\nOld English: hengest, hengst\n⇒ Middle English: henxman, henxtman, henshman\nEnglish: henchman\n→ Scots: hanchman\nScots: hensman, henceman (obsolete)\nOld Frisian: hengst, hangst, hanxt, hingst\nNorth Frisian: hingst\nSaterland Frisian: Houngst, Hoangst\nWest Frisian: hynst\n⇒ West Frisian: hynder\nOld Saxon: hengist\nMiddle Low German: hengest, hingest, hengst, hingst\nGerman Low German: Hingst\n→ Danish: hingst\n→ Lower Sorbian: hengist\n→ Norwegian: hingst\n→ Old Swedish: hingist\nSwedish: hingst\nOld Dutch: hengist\nMiddle Dutch: hengest, hinxt, henxt\nDutch: hengst\nAfrikaans: hings\nOld High German: hengist\nMiddle High German: hengest, hengst\nAlemannic German: Hengscht\nGerman: Hengst\nLuxembourgish: Hengscht\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Hengscht"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚺᚨᚷᛖᛋᛏᚢᛗᛦ",
"qq": "dative plural",
"ts": "hangistumʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᚷᛖᛋᛏᚢᛗᛦ (hagestumʀ /hangistumʀ/) (dative plural)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᚷᛖᛋᛏᚢᛗᛦ (hagestumʀ /hangistumʀ/) (dative plural)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hestr",
"qq": "< *hanhistaz"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hestr (< *hanhistaz)\nIcelandic: hestur\nFaroese: hestur\nNorn: hest\nMiddle Norwegian: hester\nNorwegian Nynorsk: hest; (dialectal) hest’e, heist\nElfdalian: est\nOld Swedish: hæster\nSwedish: häst\nOld Danish: hæst\nDanish: hest\nNorwegian Bokmål: hest\n→ Greenlandic: hiisti, hesti\nScanian: hæst\nGutnish: häst\n→ Scots: hest, hesten",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hestr (< *hanhistaz)\nIcelandic: hestur\nFaroese: hestur\nNorn: hest\nMiddle Norwegian: hester\nNorwegian Nynorsk: hest; (dialectal) hest’e, heist\nElfdalian: est\nOld Swedish: hæster\nSwedish: häst\nOld Danish: hæst\nDanish: hest\nNorwegian Bokmål: hest\n→ Greenlandic: hiisti, hesti\nScanian: hæst\nGutnish: häst\n→ Scots: hest, hesten"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱanḱest-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱanḱest-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "caseg",
"3": "",
"4": "mare"
},
"expansion": "Welsh caseg (“mare”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "خنگ",
"3": "",
"t": "gray horse",
"tr": "xeng"
},
"expansion": "Persian خنگ (xeng, “gray horse”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱanḱest-, *kankest- (“horse”). Cognate with Welsh caseg (“mare”), and Persian خنگ (xeng, “gray horse”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hangistaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse, stallion"
],
"id": "en-hangistaz-gem-pro-noun-NEdNGhMf",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"stallion",
"stallion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hanhistaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɑŋ.ɡi.stɑz/"
}
],
"word": "hangistaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hangist"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hangist\nOld English: hengest, hengst\n⇒ Middle English: henxman, henxtman, henshman\nEnglish: henchman\n→ Scots: hanchman\nScots: hensman, henceman (obsolete)\nOld Frisian: hengst, hangst, hanxt, hingst\nNorth Frisian: hingst\nSaterland Frisian: Houngst, Hoangst\nWest Frisian: hynst\n⇒ West Frisian: hynder\nOld Saxon: hengist\nMiddle Low German: hengest, hingest, hengst, hingst\nGerman Low German: Hingst\n→ Danish: hingst\n→ Lower Sorbian: hengist\n→ Norwegian: hingst\n→ Old Swedish: hingist\nSwedish: hingst\nOld Dutch: hengist\nMiddle Dutch: hengest, hinxt, henxt\nDutch: hengst\nAfrikaans: hings\nOld High German: hengist\nMiddle High German: hengest, hengst\nAlemannic German: Hengscht\nGerman: Hengst\nLuxembourgish: Hengscht\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Hengscht",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hangist\nOld English: hengest, hengst\n⇒ Middle English: henxman, henxtman, henshman\nEnglish: henchman\n→ Scots: hanchman\nScots: hensman, henceman (obsolete)\nOld Frisian: hengst, hangst, hanxt, hingst\nNorth Frisian: hingst\nSaterland Frisian: Houngst, Hoangst\nWest Frisian: hynst\n⇒ West Frisian: hynder\nOld Saxon: hengist\nMiddle Low German: hengest, hingest, hengst, hingst\nGerman Low German: Hingst\n→ Danish: hingst\n→ Lower Sorbian: hengist\n→ Norwegian: hingst\n→ Old Swedish: hingist\nSwedish: hingst\nOld Dutch: hengist\nMiddle Dutch: hengest, hinxt, henxt\nDutch: hengst\nAfrikaans: hings\nOld High German: hengist\nMiddle High German: hengest, hengst\nAlemannic German: Hengscht\nGerman: Hengst\nLuxembourgish: Hengscht\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Hengscht"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚺᚨᚷᛖᛋᛏᚢᛗᛦ",
"qq": "dative plural",
"ts": "hangistumʀ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᚷᛖᛋᛏᚢᛗᛦ (hagestumʀ /hangistumʀ/) (dative plural)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᚷᛖᛋᛏᚢᛗᛦ (hagestumʀ /hangistumʀ/) (dative plural)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hestr",
"qq": "< *hanhistaz"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hestr (< *hanhistaz)\nIcelandic: hestur\nFaroese: hestur\nNorn: hest\nMiddle Norwegian: hester\nNorwegian Nynorsk: hest; (dialectal) hest’e, heist\nElfdalian: est\nOld Swedish: hæster\nSwedish: häst\nOld Danish: hæst\nDanish: hest\nNorwegian Bokmål: hest\n→ Greenlandic: hiisti, hesti\nScanian: hæst\nGutnish: häst\n→ Scots: hest, hesten",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hestr (< *hanhistaz)\nIcelandic: hestur\nFaroese: hestur\nNorn: hest\nMiddle Norwegian: hester\nNorwegian Nynorsk: hest; (dialectal) hest’e, heist\nElfdalian: est\nOld Swedish: hæster\nSwedish: häst\nOld Danish: hæst\nDanish: hest\nNorwegian Bokmål: hest\n→ Greenlandic: hiisti, hesti\nScanian: hæst\nGutnish: häst\n→ Scots: hest, hesten"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱanḱest-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱanḱest-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "caseg",
"3": "",
"4": "mare"
},
"expansion": "Welsh caseg (“mare”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "خنگ",
"3": "",
"t": "gray horse",
"tr": "xeng"
},
"expansion": "Persian خنگ (xeng, “gray horse”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ḱanḱest-, *kankest- (“horse”). Cognate with Welsh caseg (“mare”), and Persian خنگ (xeng, “gray horse”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangist",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hangistamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hangistaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"glosses": [
"horse, stallion"
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"stallion",
"stallion"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɑŋ.ɡi.stɑz/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "hanhistaz"
}
],
"word": "hangistaz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.