"haitaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See haitaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈxɑi̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: Traditionally derived, per Pokorny, from a Proto-Indo-European *key-d-, a dental extension of a root Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to move, to impel”), and compared with Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “to set in motion, to arouse”), Latin cieō (“to set in motion, to summon”), Sanskrit च्यवते (cyavate, “to come forth, to fall down”), Albanian qoj (“to wake up”). The original notion was, under this theory, something like "to summon", i.e. "to order someone to come" (cf. the parallel usage of English cite (“to summon (someone)”), from the cognate Latin root). The above theory is implicitly rejected by modern scholars (and the root listed above deprecated, with its descendants being split into various unrelated roots), including Kroonen, who instead tentatively derives the verb from a Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyd- (“to call”), and adduces cognates in Iranian, including Sogdian [script needed] (sēδ-, “to call”) and Ossetian сидын (sidyn), седун (sedun, “idem”). Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro||*key-d-}} Proto-Indo-European *key-d-, {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro||*key-|t=to move, to impel}} Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to move, to impel”), {{cog|grc|κινέω|t=to set in motion, to arouse}} Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “to set in motion, to arouse”), {{cog|la|cieō|t=to set in motion, to summon}} Latin cieō (“to set in motion, to summon”), {{cog|sa|च्यवते|t=to come forth, to fall down}} Sanskrit च्यवते (cyavate, “to come forth, to fall down”), {{cog|sq|qoj|t=to wake up}} Albanian qoj (“to wake up”), {{cog|en|cite||to summon (someone)}} English cite (“to summon (someone)”), {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ḱeyd-|t=to call}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyd- (“to call”), {{cog|sog|t=to call|tr=sēδ-}} Sogdian [script needed] (sēδ-, “to call”), {{cog|os|сидын}} Ossetian сидын (sidyn) Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st|hait|hehait|hehait|hait|class=7a}} Forms: strong [table-tags], haitō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], haitaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], haitai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], haitizi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], haitaiz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hait [active, imperative, second-person, singular], haitazai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], haitaizau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], haitidi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], haitai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], haitadau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], haitadai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], haitaidau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], haitōz [active, dual, first-person, indicative], haitaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], haitadiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], haitaidiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], haitadiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], haitamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], haitaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], haitandai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], haitaindau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], haitid [active, indicative, plural, second-person], haitaid [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], haitid [active, imperative, plural, second-person], haitandai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], haitaindau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], haitandi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], haitain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], haitandau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], haitandai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], haitaindau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], hehait [active, first-person, indicative, singular], hehaitį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], hehaist [active, indicative, second-person, singular], hehaitīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], hehait [active, indicative, singular, third-person], hehaitī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], hehaitū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], hehaitīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], hehaitudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], hehaitīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], hehaitum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], hehaitīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], hehaitud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], hehaitīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], hehaitun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], hehaitīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], haitandz [active, participle, present], haitanaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to address, call, summon Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-haitaną-gem-pro-verb-L27Cu8kE
  2. to name Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-haitaną-gem-pro-verb-UjXHy1cO
  3. to name
    (passive voice) to be called
    Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-haitaną-gem-pro-verb-TYrS1tPX
  4. to promise Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-haitaną-gem-pro-verb-U8DLEmu- Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 27 15 15 43 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 17 13 13 56 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 13 9 10 67
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: andahaitaną, haitijô, haitiz, haitą

Inflected forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "andahaitaną"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "haitijô"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "haitiz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "haitą"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*haitan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *haitan\nOld English: hātan\nMiddle English: hoten, hoaten, haten\nEnglish: hote, hight\nScots: hate, hait\nOld Frisian: hēta\nSaterland Frisian: hete\nWest Frisian: hjitte\nOld Saxon: hētan\nMiddle Low German: hêten, hêiten\nGerman Low German: heiten, heten\nOld Dutch: hētan\nMiddle Dutch: hêten\nDutch: heten\nAfrikaans: heet\nNegerhollands: hiet\nLimburgish: heite\nOld High German: heizzan, heizan\nMiddle High German: heizen\nBavarian: hoazn\nCimbrian: hoazan\nMòcheno: hoasn\nGerman: heißen\nLuxembourgish: heeschen (fully merged with *aiskōn)\nYiddish: הייסן (heysn)\n→ Vulgar Latin: *haitō\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *subhaitō\nOld French: sohaidier\nMiddle French: souhaiter\nFrench: souhaiter",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *haitan\nOld English: hātan\nMiddle English: hoten, hoaten, haten\nEnglish: hote, hight\nScots: hate, hait\nOld Frisian: hēta\nSaterland Frisian: hete\nWest Frisian: hjitte\nOld Saxon: hētan\nMiddle Low German: hêten, hêiten\nGerman Low German: heiten, heten\nOld Dutch: hētan\nMiddle Dutch: hêten\nDutch: heten\nAfrikaans: heet\nNegerhollands: hiet\nLimburgish: heite\nOld High German: heizzan, heizan\nMiddle High German: heizen\nBavarian: hoazn\nCimbrian: hoazan\nMòcheno: hoasn\nGerman: heißen\nLuxembourgish: heeschen (fully merged with *aiskōn)\nYiddish: הייסן (heysn)\n→ Vulgar Latin: *haitō\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *subhaitō\nOld French: sohaidier\nMiddle French: souhaiter\nFrench: souhaiter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ",
            "3": "ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ",
            "pos": "1st singular passive",
            "pos2": "past participle"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ (haite, 1st singular passive), ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ (haitinaʀ, past participle)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ (haite, 1st singular passive), ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ (haitinaʀ, past participle)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "heita"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: heita\nIcelandic: heita\nFaroese: eita, heita\nNorwegian Nynorsk: heita\nOld Swedish: hēta\nSwedish: heta\nOld Danish: hetæ\nDanish: hedde, hede\nNorwegian Bokmål: hete\nOld Gutnish: haita",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: heita\nIcelandic: heita\nFaroese: eita, heita\nNorwegian Nynorsk: heita\nOld Swedish: hēta\nSwedish: heta\nOld Danish: hetæ\nDanish: hedde, hede\nNorwegian Bokmål: hete\nOld Gutnish: haita"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (haitan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (haitan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*key-d-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *key-d-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*key-",
        "t": "to move, to impel"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to move, to impel”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κινέω",
        "t": "to set in motion, to arouse"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “to set in motion, to arouse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "cieō",
        "t": "to set in motion, to summon"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cieō (“to set in motion, to summon”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "च्यवते",
        "t": "to come forth, to fall down"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit च्यवते (cyavate, “to come forth, to fall down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "qoj",
        "t": "to wake up"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian qoj (“to wake up”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cite",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to summon (someone)"
      },
      "expansion": "English cite (“to summon (someone)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱeyd-",
        "t": "to call"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyd- (“to call”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sog",
        "t": "to call",
        "tr": "sēδ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sogdian [script needed] (sēδ-, “to call”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "сидын"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian сидын (sidyn)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally derived, per Pokorny, from a Proto-Indo-European *key-d-, a dental extension of a root Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to move, to impel”), and compared with Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “to set in motion, to arouse”), Latin cieō (“to set in motion, to summon”), Sanskrit च्यवते (cyavate, “to come forth, to fall down”), Albanian qoj (“to wake up”). The original notion was, under this theory, something like \"to summon\", i.e. \"to order someone to come\" (cf. the parallel usage of English cite (“to summon (someone)”), from the cognate Latin root).\nThe above theory is implicitly rejected by modern scholars (and the root listed above deprecated, with its descendants being split into various unrelated roots), including Kroonen, who instead tentatively derives the verb from a Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyd- (“to call”), and adduces cognates in Iranian, including Sogdian [script needed] (sēδ-, “to call”) and Ossetian сидын (sidyn), седун (sedun, “idem”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "7a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaų",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitizi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hait",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitazai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaizau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitidi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitadau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitadai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaidau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitōz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaiw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitadiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaidiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitadiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitamaz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitain",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehait",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitį̄",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehait",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitudiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīdiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitud",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitanaz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hait",
        "2": "hehait",
        "3": "hehait",
        "4": "hait",
        "class": "7a"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haitaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to address, call, summon"
      ],
      "id": "en-haitaną-gem-pro-verb-L27Cu8kE",
      "links": [
        [
          "address",
          "address"
        ],
        [
          "call",
          "call"
        ],
        [
          "summon",
          "summon"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to name"
      ],
      "id": "en-haitaną-gem-pro-verb-UjXHy1cO",
      "links": [
        [
          "name",
          "name"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to name",
        "to be called"
      ],
      "id": "en-haitaną-gem-pro-verb-TYrS1tPX",
      "links": [
        [
          "name",
          "name"
        ],
        [
          "be called",
          "be called"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "passive voice",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "to name",
        "(passive voice) to be called"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "27 15 15 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 13 13 56",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "13 9 10 67",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to promise"
      ],
      "id": "en-haitaną-gem-pro-verb-U8DLEmu-",
      "links": [
        [
          "promise",
          "promise"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxɑi̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "haitaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 7a strong verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs",
    "Requests for native script for Sogdian terms",
    "gem-pro:Talking"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "andahaitaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "haitijô"
    },
    {
      "word": "haitiz"
    },
    {
      "word": "haitą"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*haitan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *haitan\nOld English: hātan\nMiddle English: hoten, hoaten, haten\nEnglish: hote, hight\nScots: hate, hait\nOld Frisian: hēta\nSaterland Frisian: hete\nWest Frisian: hjitte\nOld Saxon: hētan\nMiddle Low German: hêten, hêiten\nGerman Low German: heiten, heten\nOld Dutch: hētan\nMiddle Dutch: hêten\nDutch: heten\nAfrikaans: heet\nNegerhollands: hiet\nLimburgish: heite\nOld High German: heizzan, heizan\nMiddle High German: heizen\nBavarian: hoazn\nCimbrian: hoazan\nMòcheno: hoasn\nGerman: heißen\nLuxembourgish: heeschen (fully merged with *aiskōn)\nYiddish: הייסן (heysn)\n→ Vulgar Latin: *haitō\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *subhaitō\nOld French: sohaidier\nMiddle French: souhaiter\nFrench: souhaiter",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *haitan\nOld English: hātan\nMiddle English: hoten, hoaten, haten\nEnglish: hote, hight\nScots: hate, hait\nOld Frisian: hēta\nSaterland Frisian: hete\nWest Frisian: hjitte\nOld Saxon: hētan\nMiddle Low German: hêten, hêiten\nGerman Low German: heiten, heten\nOld Dutch: hētan\nMiddle Dutch: hêten\nDutch: heten\nAfrikaans: heet\nNegerhollands: hiet\nLimburgish: heite\nOld High German: heizzan, heizan\nMiddle High German: heizen\nBavarian: hoazn\nCimbrian: hoazan\nMòcheno: hoasn\nGerman: heißen\nLuxembourgish: heeschen (fully merged with *aiskōn)\nYiddish: הייסן (heysn)\n→ Vulgar Latin: *haitō\n⇒ Vulgar Latin: *subhaitō\nOld French: sohaidier\nMiddle French: souhaiter\nFrench: souhaiter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-pro",
            "2": "ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ",
            "3": "ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ",
            "pos": "1st singular passive",
            "pos2": "past participle"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ (haite, 1st singular passive), ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ (haitinaʀ, past participle)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Norse: ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛖ (haite, 1st singular passive), ᚺᚨᛁᛏᛁᚾᚨᛉ (haitinaʀ, past participle)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "heita"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: heita\nIcelandic: heita\nFaroese: eita, heita\nNorwegian Nynorsk: heita\nOld Swedish: hēta\nSwedish: heta\nOld Danish: hetæ\nDanish: hedde, hede\nNorwegian Bokmål: hete\nOld Gutnish: haita",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: heita\nIcelandic: heita\nFaroese: eita, heita\nNorwegian Nynorsk: heita\nOld Swedish: hēta\nSwedish: heta\nOld Danish: hetæ\nDanish: hedde, hede\nNorwegian Bokmål: hete\nOld Gutnish: haita"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (haitan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌷𐌰𐌹𐍄𐌰𐌽 (haitan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*key-d-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *key-d-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*key-",
        "t": "to move, to impel"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to move, to impel”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "κινέω",
        "t": "to set in motion, to arouse"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “to set in motion, to arouse”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "cieō",
        "t": "to set in motion, to summon"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cieō (“to set in motion, to summon”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "च्यवते",
        "t": "to come forth, to fall down"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit च्यवते (cyavate, “to come forth, to fall down”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sq",
        "2": "qoj",
        "t": "to wake up"
      },
      "expansion": "Albanian qoj (“to wake up”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "cite",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to summon (someone)"
      },
      "expansion": "English cite (“to summon (someone)”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱeyd-",
        "t": "to call"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyd- (“to call”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sog",
        "t": "to call",
        "tr": "sēδ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Sogdian [script needed] (sēδ-, “to call”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "os",
        "2": "сидын"
      },
      "expansion": "Ossetian сидын (sidyn)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Traditionally derived, per Pokorny, from a Proto-Indo-European *key-d-, a dental extension of a root Proto-Indo-European *key- (“to move, to impel”), and compared with Ancient Greek κινέω (kinéō, “to set in motion, to arouse”), Latin cieō (“to set in motion, to summon”), Sanskrit च्यवते (cyavate, “to come forth, to fall down”), Albanian qoj (“to wake up”). The original notion was, under this theory, something like \"to summon\", i.e. \"to order someone to come\" (cf. the parallel usage of English cite (“to summon (someone)”), from the cognate Latin root).\nThe above theory is implicitly rejected by modern scholars (and the root listed above deprecated, with its descendants being split into various unrelated roots), including Kroonen, who instead tentatively derives the verb from a Proto-Indo-European *ḱeyd- (“to call”), and adduces cognates in Iranian, including Sogdian [script needed] (sēδ-, “to call”) and Ossetian сидын (sidyn), седун (sedun, “idem”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "7a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaų",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitizi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hait",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitazai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaizau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitidi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitadau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitadai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaidau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitōz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaiw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitadiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaidiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitadiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitamaz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaim",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitid",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandi",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitain",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitaindau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehait",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitį̄",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaist",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehait",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitī",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitū",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīw",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitudiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīdiz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitum",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitud",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīd",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitun",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "hehaitīn",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitandz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "haitanaz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hait",
        "2": "hehait",
        "3": "hehait",
        "4": "hait",
        "class": "7a"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/haitaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to address, call, summon"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "address",
          "address"
        ],
        [
          "call",
          "call"
        ],
        [
          "summon",
          "summon"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to name"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "name",
          "name"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to name",
        "to be called"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "name",
          "name"
        ],
        [
          "be called",
          "be called"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "passive voice",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "to name",
        "(passive voice) to be called"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to promise"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "promise",
          "promise"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈxɑi̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "haitaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for haitaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (12.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.