See hagatusjō in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hagatussjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hagatussjā\nOld English: hægtesse, hæġtes, hæġtess, heġtes, hǣts\nMiddle English: hagge, hegge\nEnglish: hag\nOld Frisian: *hegtesse, *hexe\nSaterland Frisian: Häkse\nWest Frisian: hekse\nOld Saxon: *hagatusia\nMiddle Low German: hexe\nGerman Low German: Häxe, Hexe\nPlautdietsch: Hakjs\n→ Danish: heks\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: heks\n→ Swedish: häxa\nOld Dutch: *hagatissa\nMiddle Dutch: hagetisse\nDutch: hagedis (dialectal)\nOld High German: hagzissa\nMiddle High German: hecse, hesse, hexse, hegxse, hexe\nGerman: Hexe\n→ Dutch: heks\nAfrikaans: heks\n→ Papiamentu: hèks\n→ Polish: heksa\nLuxembourgish: Hex",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hagatussjā\nOld English: hægtesse, hæġtes, hæġtess, heġtes, hǣts\nMiddle English: hagge, hegge\nEnglish: hag\nOld Frisian: *hegtesse, *hexe\nSaterland Frisian: Häkse\nWest Frisian: hekse\nOld Saxon: *hagatusia\nMiddle Low German: hexe\nGerman Low German: Häxe, Hexe\nPlautdietsch: Hakjs\n→ Danish: heks\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: heks\n→ Swedish: häxa\nOld Dutch: *hagatissa\nMiddle Dutch: hagetisse\nDutch: hagedis (dialectal)\nOld High German: hagzissa\nMiddle High German: hecse, hesse, hexse, hegxse, hexe\nGerman: Hexe\n→ Dutch: heks\nAfrikaans: heks\n→ Papiamentu: hèks\n→ Polish: heksa\nLuxembourgish: Hex"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hagaz",
"3": "*tusjō",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "skilled, crafty",
"t2": "witch, demon"
},
"expansion": "*hagaz (“skilled, crafty”) + *tusjō (“witch, demon”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "tysja",
"t": "witch, demon"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian tysja (“witch, demon”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰus-yéh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-yéh₂",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly from *hagaz (“skilled, crafty”) + *tusjō (“witch, demon”) (whence Norwegian tysja (“witch, demon”)), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-yéh₂, from *dʰews- (“breath; spirit”) (whence *deuzą (“animal, beast”)). However, this devoicing is phonetically irregular. The second part is more likely from Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, evil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hagatusjō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Proto-Germanic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"witch"
],
"id": "en-hagatusjō-gem-pro-noun-4YIwmPQu",
"links": [
[
"witch",
"witch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Germanic) witch"
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"West",
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"word": "hagatusjō"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hagatussjā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hagatussjā\nOld English: hægtesse, hæġtes, hæġtess, heġtes, hǣts\nMiddle English: hagge, hegge\nEnglish: hag\nOld Frisian: *hegtesse, *hexe\nSaterland Frisian: Häkse\nWest Frisian: hekse\nOld Saxon: *hagatusia\nMiddle Low German: hexe\nGerman Low German: Häxe, Hexe\nPlautdietsch: Hakjs\n→ Danish: heks\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: heks\n→ Swedish: häxa\nOld Dutch: *hagatissa\nMiddle Dutch: hagetisse\nDutch: hagedis (dialectal)\nOld High German: hagzissa\nMiddle High German: hecse, hesse, hexse, hegxse, hexe\nGerman: Hexe\n→ Dutch: heks\nAfrikaans: heks\n→ Papiamentu: hèks\n→ Polish: heksa\nLuxembourgish: Hex",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hagatussjā\nOld English: hægtesse, hæġtes, hæġtess, heġtes, hǣts\nMiddle English: hagge, hegge\nEnglish: hag\nOld Frisian: *hegtesse, *hexe\nSaterland Frisian: Häkse\nWest Frisian: hekse\nOld Saxon: *hagatusia\nMiddle Low German: hexe\nGerman Low German: Häxe, Hexe\nPlautdietsch: Hakjs\n→ Danish: heks\n→ Norwegian Nynorsk: heks\n→ Swedish: häxa\nOld Dutch: *hagatissa\nMiddle Dutch: hagetisse\nDutch: hagedis (dialectal)\nOld High German: hagzissa\nMiddle High German: hecse, hesse, hexse, hegxse, hexe\nGerman: Hexe\n→ Dutch: heks\nAfrikaans: heks\n→ Papiamentu: hèks\n→ Polish: heksa\nLuxembourgish: Hex"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱek-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*hagaz",
"3": "*tusjō",
"nocat": "1",
"t1": "skilled, crafty",
"t2": "witch, demon"
},
"expansion": "*hagaz (“skilled, crafty”) + *tusjō (“witch, demon”)",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "tysja",
"t": "witch, demon"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian tysja (“witch, demon”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*dʰus-yéh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-yéh₂",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*dus-",
"4": "",
"5": "bad, evil"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, evil”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain; possibly from *hagaz (“skilled, crafty”) + *tusjō (“witch, demon”) (whence Norwegian tysja (“witch, demon”)), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-yéh₂, from *dʰews- (“breath; spirit”) (whence *deuzą (“animal, beast”)). However, this devoicing is phonetically irregular. The second part is more likely from Proto-Indo-European *dus- (“bad, evil”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ō-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hagatusjōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hagatusjō",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ḱek-",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Proto-Germanic ō-stem nouns",
"West Proto-Germanic",
"gem-pro:Mythology"
],
"glosses": [
"witch"
],
"links": [
[
"witch",
"witch"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Germanic) witch"
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"West",
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Elmar Seebold",
"Etymological Dictionary of the German Language",
"de:Etymologisches Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache"
]
}
],
"word": "hagatusjō"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hagatusjō meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d6bf104 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.