See hōpą in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSONL data for hōpą meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hōp"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hōp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hōp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hoop"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hoop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hoop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hupe",
"3": "houp",
"4": "huip"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hupe, houp, huip",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hupe, houp, huip"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hoop"
},
"expansion": "English: hoop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hoop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hōp"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hōp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hōp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: hop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Houp"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Houp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Houp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hoep"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: hoep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: hoep"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*hōp"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *hōp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *hōp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hoop",
"3": "hoep"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: hoop, hoep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: hoop, hoep"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoep"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: hoep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: hoep"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoepel",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Dutch: hoepel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Dutch: hoepel"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Hopel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German Low German: Hopel",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed ?"
},
"expansion": "(borrowed ?)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ German Low German: Hopel (borrowed ?)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hóp"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hóp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hóp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hóp"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hóp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hóp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "Danish: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: hop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hope",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scots: hope",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scots: hope"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewb-",
"t": "to bend, bow, arch, vault"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend, bow, arch, vault”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend, bow, arch, vault”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hōpą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bow, curve, arch"
],
"id": "en-hōpą-gem-pro-noun-9nVmH538",
"links": [
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
],
[
"arch",
"arch"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 90",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ring, hoop"
],
"id": "en-hōpą-gem-pro-noun-KdKyOYTo",
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"hoop",
"hoop"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɔː.pɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "hōpą"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "hōp"
},
"expansion": "Old English: hōp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: hōp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "hoop"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: hoop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: hoop"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hupe",
"3": "houp",
"4": "huip"
},
"expansion": "Scots: hupe, houp, huip",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: hupe, houp, huip"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "hoop"
},
"expansion": "English: hoop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: hoop"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "hōp"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: hōp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: hōp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frr",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "North Frisian: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "North Frisian: hop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Houp"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Houp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Houp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "hoep"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: hoep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: hoep"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*hōp"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *hōp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *hōp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "hoop",
"3": "hoep"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: hoop, hoep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: hoop, hoep"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoep"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: hoep",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: hoep"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "hoepel",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Dutch: hoepel",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Dutch: hoepel"
},
{
"depth": 5,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Hopel",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German Low German: Hopel",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "borrowed ?"
},
"expansion": "(borrowed ?)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ German Low German: Hopel (borrowed ?)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hóp"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hóp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hóp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "hóp"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: hóp",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: hóp"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "hop"
},
"expansion": "Danish: hop",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: hop"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "hope",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Scots: hope",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Scots: hope"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*kewb-",
"t": "to bend, bow, arch, vault"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend, bow, arch, vault”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *kewb- (“to bend, bow, arch, vault”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hōpamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hōpą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"bow, curve, arch"
],
"links": [
[
"bow",
"bow"
],
[
"curve",
"curve"
],
[
"arch",
"arch"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ring, hoop"
],
"links": [
[
"ring",
"ring"
],
[
"hoop",
"hoop"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxɔː.pɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "hōpą"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.