See grēduz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*grādu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *grādu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *grādu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grǣd"
},
"expansion": "Old English: grǣd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: grǣd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gráðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: gráðr, gráði\nIcelandic: gráður\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gråde\nOld Swedish: grādh f",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: gráðr, gráði\nIcelandic: gráður\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gråde\nOld Swedish: grādh f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍃 (grēdus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍃 (grēdus)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰer-",
"id": "yearn"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰreh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "horior",
"3": "",
"4": "to encourage"
},
"expansion": "Latin horior (“to encourage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χαίρω",
"3": "",
"4": "to rejoice"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χαίρω (khaírō, “to rejoice”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हर्यति",
"t": "to like, enjoy",
"tr": "háryati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हर्यति (háryati, “to like, enjoy”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *gʰreh₁tús, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-, *gʰer- (“to desire, enjoy”). Related to Latin horior (“to encourage”), Ancient Greek χαίρω (khaírō, “to rejoice”), Sanskrit हर्यति (háryati, “to like, enjoy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grēduz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdiwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdiwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdauz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdiwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdiwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grēduz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "grēdugaz"
},
{
"word": "grēdagaz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"desire, hunger"
],
"id": "en-grēduz-gem-pro-noun-wqTH9Cr8",
"links": [
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"hunger",
"hunger"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "geraz"
},
{
"word": "gernaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrɛː.ðuz/"
}
],
"word": "grēduz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "grēdugaz"
},
{
"word": "grēdagaz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*grādu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *grādu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *grādu"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "grǣd"
},
"expansion": "Old English: grǣd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: grǣd"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gráðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: gráðr, gráði\nIcelandic: gráður\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gråde\nOld Swedish: grādh f",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: gráðr, gráði\nIcelandic: gráður\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gråde\nOld Swedish: grādh f"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍃 (grēdus)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌲𐍂𐌴𐌳𐌿𐍃 (grēdus)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰer-",
"id": "yearn"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰreh₁-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "horior",
"3": "",
"4": "to encourage"
},
"expansion": "Latin horior (“to encourage”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "χαίρω",
"3": "",
"4": "to rejoice"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek χαίρω (khaírō, “to rejoice”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "हर्यति",
"t": "to like, enjoy",
"tr": "háryati"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit हर्यति (háryati, “to like, enjoy”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *gʰreh₁tús, from Proto-Indo-European *gʰreh₁-, *gʰer- (“to desire, enjoy”). Related to Latin horior (“to encourage”), Ancient Greek χαίρω (khaírō, “to rejoice”), Sanskrit हर्यति (háryati, “to like, enjoy”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "u-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "grēduz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdiwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdiwiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdauz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdiwǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdiwi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdumaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "grēdumiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/grēduz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "geraz"
},
{
"word": "gernaz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰer- (yearn)",
"Proto-Germanic u-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"desire, hunger"
],
"links": [
[
"desire",
"desire"
],
[
"hunger",
"hunger"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣrɛː.ðuz/"
}
],
"word": "grēduz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for grēduz meaning in Proto-Germanic (4.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.