See flaiski in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*flaiski"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *flaiski\nOld English: flǣsċ\nMiddle English: flesh\nEnglish: flesh\nScots: flesch\nYola: vleash, vlesh\nOld Frisian: flāsk, flēsk\nNorth Frisian:\nMooring: flååsch\nSaterland Frisian: Flaask\nWest Frisian: fleis\nOld Saxon: flēsk\nMiddle Low German: vlêsk, vlêsch, vlês\nGerman Low German:(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)\nLow Prussian: Sauerländisch (Olpe, Wenden): Fleisch\nMärkisch (Altmärkisch), Westphalian (Bentheimisch): Fleesch\nMärkisch (Altmärkisch), Westphalian (Westmünsterländisch): Fleesk\nWestphalian:\nBentheimisch (Grafschaf), Sauerländisch (Sündern, Balve, Eslohe, Attendorn, Drolshagen, Kirchhundem): Fläis\nBentheimisch (Grafschaf), Westmünsterländisch: Flees\nEast Westphalian (Ravensberg), Sauerländisch: Fläisk\nEast Westphalian: Floisk (Lippe)\nSauerländisch: Flääsk (Niedersfeld), Flais (Felbecke, Elspe)\nPlautdietsch: Fleesch\nOld Dutch: flēsc\nMiddle Dutch: vlêesch\nDutch: vlees, vleesch (obsolete), vleis (dialectal, Eastern Netherlands, North Holland)\nAfrikaans: vleis\nNegerhollands: vleesch, fleis, vleis\n→ West Frisian: fleis\nLimburgish: vleisj\nOld High German: fleisk\nMiddle High German: vleisch, fleis, fleisch, flēsch, vleis, vlēsch\nAlemannic German:\nSwabian: Floisch\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: vlòas, blòas, vlaisch\nCentral Franconian: Fleesch, Fleisch, Flääsch\nHunsrik: Fleisch\nLuxembourgish: Fleesch\nGerman: Fleisch\nRhine Franconian: Flaasch, Flaisch, Fleesch\nPennsylvania German: Fleesch\nVilamovian: fłaś\nYiddish: פֿלייש (fleysh)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *flaiski\nOld English: flǣsċ\nMiddle English: flesh\nEnglish: flesh\nScots: flesch\nYola: vleash, vlesh\nOld Frisian: flāsk, flēsk\nNorth Frisian:\nMooring: flååsch\nSaterland Frisian: Flaask\nWest Frisian: fleis\nOld Saxon: flēsk\nMiddle Low German: vlêsk, vlêsch, vlês\nGerman Low German:(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)\nLow Prussian: Sauerländisch (Olpe, Wenden): Fleisch\nMärkisch (Altmärkisch), Westphalian (Bentheimisch): Fleesch\nMärkisch (Altmärkisch), Westphalian (Westmünsterländisch): Fleesk\nWestphalian:\nBentheimisch (Grafschaf), Sauerländisch (Sündern, Balve, Eslohe, Attendorn, Drolshagen, Kirchhundem): Fläis\nBentheimisch (Grafschaf), Westmünsterländisch: Flees\nEast Westphalian (Ravensberg), Sauerländisch: Fläisk\nEast Westphalian: Floisk (Lippe)\nSauerländisch: Flääsk (Niedersfeld), Flais (Felbecke, Elspe)\nPlautdietsch: Fleesch\nOld Dutch: flēsc\nMiddle Dutch: vlêesch\nDutch: vlees, vleesch (obsolete), vleis (dialectal, Eastern Netherlands, North Holland)\nAfrikaans: vleis\nNegerhollands: vleesch, fleis, vleis\n→ West Frisian: fleis\nLimburgish: vleisj\nOld High German: fleisk\nMiddle High German: vleisch, fleis, fleisch, flēsch, vleis, vlēsch\nAlemannic German:\nSwabian: Floisch\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: vlòas, blòas, vlaisch\nCentral Franconian: Fleesch, Fleisch, Flääsch\nHunsrik: Fleisch\nLuxembourgish: Fleesch\nGerman: Fleisch\nRhine Franconian: Flaasch, Flaisch, Fleesch\nPennsylvania German: Fleesch\nVilamovian: fłaś\nYiddish: פֿלייש (fleysh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fleski",
"3": "flesk"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fleski, flesk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fleski, flesk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fleski",
"3": "flesk"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: fleski, flesk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: fleski, flesk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "flesk"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: flesk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: flesk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "flesk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: flesk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: flesk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "flæsk"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: flæsk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: flæsk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fläsk"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: fläsk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: fläsk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "läski",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: läski",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: läski"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "flæsk"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: flæsk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: flæsk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "flæsk"
},
"expansion": "Danish: flæsk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: flæsk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*pleh₁ḱ>?",
"id": "flesh"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "unclear"
},
"expansion": "unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁ḱ-",
"t": "to tear, peel off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lāridum",
"t": "lard"
},
"expansion": "Latin lāridum (“lard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*flikkiją",
"t": "piece of meat; flitch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *flikkiją (“piece of meat; flitch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "flík",
"t": "idem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse flík (“idem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Fliese",
"t": "tile"
},
"expansion": "German Fliese (“tile”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "flís",
"t": "splinter, wood chip"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse flís (“splinter, wood chip”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of unclear origin; appears to stem from a Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”), albeit with all supposed cognates being uncertain. Has been linked to Latin lāridum (“lard”), Proto-Germanic *flikkiją (“piece of meat; flitch”), *flīkō (“tatters, rags”) (whence Old Norse flík (“idem”)), *flīsō (“split chip”) (whence German Fliese (“tile”), Old Norse flís (“splinter, wood chip”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiski",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiski",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiski",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flaiski",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"meat, flesh"
],
"id": "en-flaiski-gem-pro-noun-Jm-7ucOH",
"links": [
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"flesh",
"flesh"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸlɑi̯.ski/"
}
],
"word": "flaiski"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*flaiski"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *flaiski\nOld English: flǣsċ\nMiddle English: flesh\nEnglish: flesh\nScots: flesch\nYola: vleash, vlesh\nOld Frisian: flāsk, flēsk\nNorth Frisian:\nMooring: flååsch\nSaterland Frisian: Flaask\nWest Frisian: fleis\nOld Saxon: flēsk\nMiddle Low German: vlêsk, vlêsch, vlês\nGerman Low German:(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)\nLow Prussian: Sauerländisch (Olpe, Wenden): Fleisch\nMärkisch (Altmärkisch), Westphalian (Bentheimisch): Fleesch\nMärkisch (Altmärkisch), Westphalian (Westmünsterländisch): Fleesk\nWestphalian:\nBentheimisch (Grafschaf), Sauerländisch (Sündern, Balve, Eslohe, Attendorn, Drolshagen, Kirchhundem): Fläis\nBentheimisch (Grafschaf), Westmünsterländisch: Flees\nEast Westphalian (Ravensberg), Sauerländisch: Fläisk\nEast Westphalian: Floisk (Lippe)\nSauerländisch: Flääsk (Niedersfeld), Flais (Felbecke, Elspe)\nPlautdietsch: Fleesch\nOld Dutch: flēsc\nMiddle Dutch: vlêesch\nDutch: vlees, vleesch (obsolete), vleis (dialectal, Eastern Netherlands, North Holland)\nAfrikaans: vleis\nNegerhollands: vleesch, fleis, vleis\n→ West Frisian: fleis\nLimburgish: vleisj\nOld High German: fleisk\nMiddle High German: vleisch, fleis, fleisch, flēsch, vleis, vlēsch\nAlemannic German:\nSwabian: Floisch\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: vlòas, blòas, vlaisch\nCentral Franconian: Fleesch, Fleisch, Flääsch\nHunsrik: Fleisch\nLuxembourgish: Fleesch\nGerman: Fleisch\nRhine Franconian: Flaasch, Flaisch, Fleesch\nPennsylvania German: Fleesch\nVilamovian: fłaś\nYiddish: פֿלייש (fleysh)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *flaiski\nOld English: flǣsċ\nMiddle English: flesh\nEnglish: flesh\nScots: flesch\nYola: vleash, vlesh\nOld Frisian: flāsk, flēsk\nNorth Frisian:\nMooring: flååsch\nSaterland Frisian: Flaask\nWest Frisian: fleis\nOld Saxon: flēsk\nMiddle Low German: vlêsk, vlêsch, vlês\nGerman Low German:(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?)\nLow Prussian: Sauerländisch (Olpe, Wenden): Fleisch\nMärkisch (Altmärkisch), Westphalian (Bentheimisch): Fleesch\nMärkisch (Altmärkisch), Westphalian (Westmünsterländisch): Fleesk\nWestphalian:\nBentheimisch (Grafschaf), Sauerländisch (Sündern, Balve, Eslohe, Attendorn, Drolshagen, Kirchhundem): Fläis\nBentheimisch (Grafschaf), Westmünsterländisch: Flees\nEast Westphalian (Ravensberg), Sauerländisch: Fläisk\nEast Westphalian: Floisk (Lippe)\nSauerländisch: Flääsk (Niedersfeld), Flais (Felbecke, Elspe)\nPlautdietsch: Fleesch\nOld Dutch: flēsc\nMiddle Dutch: vlêesch\nDutch: vlees, vleesch (obsolete), vleis (dialectal, Eastern Netherlands, North Holland)\nAfrikaans: vleis\nNegerhollands: vleesch, fleis, vleis\n→ West Frisian: fleis\nLimburgish: vleisj\nOld High German: fleisk\nMiddle High German: vleisch, fleis, fleisch, flēsch, vleis, vlēsch\nAlemannic German:\nSwabian: Floisch\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: vlòas, blòas, vlaisch\nCentral Franconian: Fleesch, Fleisch, Flääsch\nHunsrik: Fleisch\nLuxembourgish: Fleesch\nGerman: Fleisch\nRhine Franconian: Flaasch, Flaisch, Fleesch\nPennsylvania German: Fleesch\nVilamovian: fłaś\nYiddish: פֿלייש (fleysh)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "fleski",
"3": "flesk"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: fleski, flesk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: fleski, flesk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "fleski",
"3": "flesk"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: fleski, flesk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: fleski, flesk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "flesk"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: flesk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: flesk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "flesk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian: flesk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian: flesk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "flæsk"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: flæsk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: flæsk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "fläsk"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: fläsk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: fläsk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "läski",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Finnish: läski",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Finnish: läski"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-oda",
"2": "flæsk"
},
"expansion": "Old Danish: flæsk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Danish: flæsk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "flæsk"
},
"expansion": "Danish: flæsk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: flæsk"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "inh",
"3": "ine-pro>*pleh₁ḱ>?",
"id": "flesh"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "unclear"
},
"expansion": "unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pleh₁ḱ-",
"t": "to tear, peel off"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "lāridum",
"t": "lard"
},
"expansion": "Latin lāridum (“lard”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*flikkiją",
"t": "piece of meat; flitch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *flikkiją (“piece of meat; flitch”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "flík",
"t": "idem"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse flík (“idem”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Fliese",
"t": "tile"
},
"expansion": "German Fliese (“tile”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "flís",
"t": "splinter, wood chip"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse flís (“splinter, wood chip”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Of unclear origin; appears to stem from a Proto-Indo-European *pleh₁ḱ- (“to tear, peel off”), albeit with all supposed cognates being uncertain. Has been linked to Latin lāridum (“lard”), Proto-Germanic *flikkiją (“piece of meat; flitch”), *flīkō (“tatters, rags”) (whence Old Norse flík (“idem”)), *flīsō (“split chip”) (whence German Fliese (“tile”), Old Norse flís (“splinter, wood chip”)).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiski",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiski",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiski",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "flaiskimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/flaiski",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies",
"gem-pro:Food and drink"
],
"glosses": [
"meat, flesh"
],
"links": [
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"flesh",
"flesh"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸlɑi̯.ski/"
}
],
"word": "flaiski"
}
Download raw JSONL data for flaiski meaning in Proto-Germanic (7.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (e4a2c88 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.