See felma- in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*felm-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *felm-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *felm-; *filmīn-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*felma"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *felma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *felma (in compound ǣġerfelma); filmen, fylmen (< *filmīn-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "filme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: filme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: filme"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fillum",
"3": "feelim"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fillum, feelim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fillum, feelim"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "film"
},
"expansion": "English: film",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: film"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "filmene"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: filmene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: filmene (< *filmīn-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*felm"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *felm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *felm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "velm",
"3": "vilm",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: velm, vilm m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: velm, vilm m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "felm",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: felm m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: felm m"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pel-",
"id": "skin"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pélmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pélmō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλμα",
"3": "",
"4": "sole of the foot"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably an original men-stem from Proto-Indo-European *pélmō which was re-formed as if from *pél-mo-s, from the root *pel- (“hide, skin; to cover, wrap”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”), which is from *pélmn̥.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "felmô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filminiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filmini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filminē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "felmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "felm",
"g": "m",
"stem": "n"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "felm",
"g": "m",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/felma-",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "West Proto-Germanic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "filmīn-"
}
],
"glosses": [
"covering, skin, hide, fleece"
],
"id": "en-felma--gem-pro-noun-08YQ7j06",
"links": [
[
"covering",
"covering"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"fleece",
"fleece"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Germanic) covering, skin, hide, fleece"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "fellą"
}
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"West",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸel.maz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸel.mɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "felma-"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "filmīn-"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*felm-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *felm-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *felm-; *filmīn-"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "*felma"
},
"expansion": "Old English: *felma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: *felma (in compound ǣġerfelma); filmen, fylmen (< *filmīn-)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "filme"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: filme",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: filme"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "fillum",
"3": "feelim"
},
"expansion": "Scots: fillum, feelim",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: fillum, feelim"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "film"
},
"expansion": "English: film",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: film"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "filmene"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: filmene",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: filmene (< *filmīn-)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*felm"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *felm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *felm"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "velm",
"3": "vilm",
"g2": "m"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: velm, vilm m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: velm, vilm m"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "felm",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: felm m",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: felm m"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*pel-",
"id": "skin"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*pélmō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *pélmō",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "πέλμα",
"3": "",
"4": "sole of the foot"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably an original men-stem from Proto-Indo-European *pélmō which was re-formed as if from *pél-mo-s, from the root *pel- (“hide, skin; to cover, wrap”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πέλμα (pélma, “sole of the foot”), which is from *pélmn̥.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "felmô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmaniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmanų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmanunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filminiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmanǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filmini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "filminē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "felmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "felmą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "filmis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "felmō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "felmamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "felm",
"g": "m",
"stem": "n"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "felm",
"g": "m",
"stem": "a"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/felma-",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "fellą"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic an-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *pel- (skin)",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"West Proto-Germanic"
],
"glosses": [
"covering, skin, hide, fleece"
],
"links": [
[
"covering",
"covering"
],
[
"skin",
"skin"
],
[
"hide",
"hide"
],
[
"fleece",
"fleece"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(West Germanic) covering, skin, hide, fleece"
],
"tags": [
"Germanic",
"West",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸel.maz/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɸel.mɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "felma-"
}
Download raw JSONL data for felma- meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.