See bulstraz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bolstr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bolstr, *bulstr\nOld English: bolster\nMiddle English: bolster, bolstre, bolstere, bowstur\nEnglish: bolster\nScots: bowster, bouster, boster\nOld Frisian: *bulster, *bolster\nSaterland Frisian: Bulster\nWest Frisian: bolster, bulster\nOld Saxon: *bulster, *bolster\nMiddle Low German: bulster, bolster\nGerman Low German: Bulster\nOld Dutch: *bulster, *bolster\nMiddle Dutch: bulster, bolster\nDutch: bolster\nOld High German: bolstar, bolstor, polstor, polstar\nMiddle High German: bolster, polster\nGerman: Polster\n→ Czech: polštář\n→ German Low German: Polster\nLombardic: *polstar\n→ Italian: poltro (“bed, couch”)\n⇒ Italian: poltrona\n→ Lombard: polter (Milanese)\n→⇒ Venetan: poltrona",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bolstr, *bulstr\nOld English: bolster\nMiddle English: bolster, bolstre, bolstere, bowstur\nEnglish: bolster\nScots: bowster, bouster, boster\nOld Frisian: *bulster, *bolster\nSaterland Frisian: Bulster\nWest Frisian: bolster, bulster\nOld Saxon: *bulster, *bolster\nMiddle Low German: bulster, bolster\nGerman Low German: Bulster\nOld Dutch: *bulster, *bolster\nMiddle Dutch: bulster, bolster\nDutch: bolster\nOld High German: bolstar, bolstor, polstor, polstar\nMiddle High German: bolster, polster\nGerman: Polster\n→ Czech: polštář\n→ German Low German: Polster\nLombardic: *polstar\n→ Italian: poltro (“bed, couch”)\n⇒ Italian: poltrona\n→ Lombard: polter (Milanese)\n→⇒ Venetan: poltrona"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bólstr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bólstr, bulstr\nIcelandic: bólstur\nNorwegian: bolster\nOld Swedish: bulster, bolster, ᛒᚢᛚᛋᛏᚽᚱ\nSwedish: bolster\nDanish: bolster",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bólstr, bulstr\nIcelandic: bólstur\nNorwegian: bolster\nOld Swedish: bulster, bolster, ᛒᚢᛚᛋᛏᚽᚱ\nSwedish: bolster\nDanish: bolster"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "bag, pillow, paunch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell, blow, inflate, burst"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to swell, blow, inflate, burst”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *bulhstraz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to swell, blow, inflate, burst”). See also *balgiz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bulstraz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bolster, pillow, cushion"
],
"id": "en-bulstraz-gem-pro-noun-zmhaxrqb",
"links": [
[
"bolster",
"bolster"
],
[
"pillow",
"pillow"
],
[
"cushion",
"cushion"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "bulstrą"
},
{
"word": "balgiz"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*wangiją"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbul.strɑz/"
}
],
"word": "bulstraz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*bolstr"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bolstr, *bulstr\nOld English: bolster\nMiddle English: bolster, bolstre, bolstere, bowstur\nEnglish: bolster\nScots: bowster, bouster, boster\nOld Frisian: *bulster, *bolster\nSaterland Frisian: Bulster\nWest Frisian: bolster, bulster\nOld Saxon: *bulster, *bolster\nMiddle Low German: bulster, bolster\nGerman Low German: Bulster\nOld Dutch: *bulster, *bolster\nMiddle Dutch: bulster, bolster\nDutch: bolster\nOld High German: bolstar, bolstor, polstor, polstar\nMiddle High German: bolster, polster\nGerman: Polster\n→ Czech: polštář\n→ German Low German: Polster\nLombardic: *polstar\n→ Italian: poltro (“bed, couch”)\n⇒ Italian: poltrona\n→ Lombard: polter (Milanese)\n→⇒ Venetan: poltrona",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bolstr, *bulstr\nOld English: bolster\nMiddle English: bolster, bolstre, bolstere, bowstur\nEnglish: bolster\nScots: bowster, bouster, boster\nOld Frisian: *bulster, *bolster\nSaterland Frisian: Bulster\nWest Frisian: bolster, bulster\nOld Saxon: *bulster, *bolster\nMiddle Low German: bulster, bolster\nGerman Low German: Bulster\nOld Dutch: *bulster, *bolster\nMiddle Dutch: bulster, bolster\nDutch: bolster\nOld High German: bolstar, bolstor, polstor, polstar\nMiddle High German: bolster, polster\nGerman: Polster\n→ Czech: polštář\n→ German Low German: Polster\nLombardic: *polstar\n→ Italian: poltro (“bed, couch”)\n⇒ Italian: poltrona\n→ Lombard: polter (Milanese)\n→⇒ Venetan: poltrona"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bólstr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bólstr, bulstr\nIcelandic: bólstur\nNorwegian: bolster\nOld Swedish: bulster, bolster, ᛒᚢᛚᛋᛏᚽᚱ\nSwedish: bolster\nDanish: bolster",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bólstr, bulstr\nIcelandic: bólstur\nNorwegian: bolster\nOld Swedish: bulster, bolster, ᛒᚢᛚᛋᛏᚽᚱ\nSwedish: bolster\nDanish: bolster"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰelǵʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "bag, pillow, paunch"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰel-",
"4": "",
"5": "to swell, blow, inflate, burst"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to swell, blow, inflate, burst”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *bulhstraz, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ- (“bag, pillow, paunch”), from Proto-Indo-European *bʰel- (“to swell, blow, inflate, burst”). See also *balgiz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstraz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstranz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstrō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bulstramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bulstraz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "bulstrą"
},
{
"word": "balgiz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰelǵʰ-",
"gem-pro:Bedding"
],
"glosses": [
"bolster, pillow, cushion"
],
"links": [
[
"bolster",
"bolster"
],
[
"pillow",
"pillow"
],
[
"cushion",
"cushion"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*wangiją"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbul.strɑz/"
}
],
"word": "bulstraz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bulstraz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.