"bitraz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See bitraz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈbit.rɑz/
Etymology: From pre-Germanic *bʰidrós (“biting, splitting”), equivalent to *bītaną + *-raz. Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*bʰeyd-}}, {{suffix|gem-pro||*raz}} + *-raz Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|bitr}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*bitraz|*bitranǭ|*bitras, -is|*bitrammai|*bitranō|*bitrai|*bitranz|*bitraizǫ̂|*bitraimaz|*bitraimiz|*bitrō|*bitrǭ|*bitraizōz|*bitraizōi|*bitraizō|*bitrôz|*bitrōz|*bitraizǫ̂|*bitraimaz|*bitraimiz|*bitrą, -atō|*bitrą, -atō|*bitras, -is|*bitrammai|*bitranō|*bitrō|*bitrō|*bitraizǫ̂|*bitraimaz|*bitraimiz|*bitrô|*bitranų|*bitriniz|*bitrini|*bitrinē|*bitraniz|*bitranunz|*bitranǫ̂|*bitrammaz|*bitrammiz|*bitrǭ|*bitrōnų|*bitrōniz|*bitrōni|*bitrōnē|*bitrōniz|*bitrōnunz|*bitrōnǫ̂|*bitrōmaz|*bitrōmiz|*bitrô|*bitrô|*bitriniz|*bitrini|*bitrinē|*bitrōnō|*bitrōnō|*bitranǫ̂|*bitrammaz|*bitrammiz|title=*bitraz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], bitraz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], bitrai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], bitrō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], bitrôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], bitrą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], bitrō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], bitranǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], bitranz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], bitrǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], bitrōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], bitrą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], bitrō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], bitras [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], bitraizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], bitraizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], bitraizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], bitras [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], bitraizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], bitrammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], bitraimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], bitraizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], bitraimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], bitrammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], bitraimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], bitranō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], bitraimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], bitraizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], bitraimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], bitranō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], bitraimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], bitrô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], bitraniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], bitrǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], bitrōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], bitrô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], bitrōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], bitranų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], bitranunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], bitrōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], bitrōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], bitrô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], bitrōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], bitriniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], bitranǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], bitrōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], bitrōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], bitriniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], bitranǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], bitrini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], bitrammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], bitrōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], bitrōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], bitrini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], bitrammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], bitrinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], bitrammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], bitrōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], bitrōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], bitrinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], bitrammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. bitter Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: *baitraz Related terms: baitraz
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*bitr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bitr\nOld English: biter, bitter\nMiddle English: bitter\nScots: bittir\nEnglish: bitter\nOld Frisian: *bitter\nSaterland Frisian: bitter\nWest Frisian: bitter\nOld Saxon: bittar\nMiddle Low German: bitter\nLow German: bitter\n→ Danish: bitter\n→ Swedish: bitter (partly)\n→ Norwegian: bitter\nOld Dutch: bitter\nMiddle Dutch: bitter\nDutch: bitter\nOld High German: bittar, pittar\nMiddle High German: bitter, pitter\nGerman: bitter\nLuxembourgish: batter\nVilamovian: bytter\nYiddish: ביטער (biter)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bitr\nOld English: biter, bitter\nMiddle English: bitter\nScots: bittir\nEnglish: bitter\nOld Frisian: *bitter\nSaterland Frisian: bitter\nWest Frisian: bitter\nOld Saxon: bittar\nMiddle Low German: bitter\nLow German: bitter\n→ Danish: bitter\n→ Swedish: bitter (partly)\n→ Norwegian: bitter\nOld Dutch: bitter\nMiddle Dutch: bitter\nDutch: bitter\nOld High German: bittar, pittar\nMiddle High German: bitter, pitter\nGerman: bitter\nLuxembourgish: batter\nVilamovian: bytter\nYiddish: ביטער (biter)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "bitr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: bitr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: bitr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "bitur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: bitur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: bitur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "bitur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: bitur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: bitur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "biter",
            "3": "bitter",
            "4": "beter"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: biter, bitter, beter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: biter, bitter, beter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "bitter"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: bitter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: bitter (under Low German influence)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "biderhvas"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: biderhvas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: biderhvas (compound with *hwassaz)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeyd-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*raz"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-raz",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From pre-Germanic *bʰidrós (“biting, splitting”), equivalent to *bītaną + *-raz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitriniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitriniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bitr"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*bitraz",
        "10": "*bitraimiz",
        "11": "*bitrō",
        "12": "*bitrǭ",
        "13": "*bitraizōz",
        "14": "*bitraizōi",
        "15": "*bitraizō",
        "16": "*bitrôz",
        "17": "*bitrōz",
        "18": "*bitraizǫ̂",
        "19": "*bitraimaz",
        "2": "*bitranǭ",
        "20": "*bitraimiz",
        "21": "*bitrą, -atō",
        "22": "*bitrą, -atō",
        "23": "*bitras, -is",
        "24": "*bitrammai",
        "25": "*bitranō",
        "26": "*bitrō",
        "27": "*bitrō",
        "28": "*bitraizǫ̂",
        "29": "*bitraimaz",
        "3": "*bitras, -is",
        "30": "*bitraimiz",
        "31": "*bitrô",
        "32": "*bitranų",
        "33": "*bitriniz",
        "34": "*bitrini",
        "35": "*bitrinē",
        "36": "*bitraniz",
        "37": "*bitranunz",
        "38": "*bitranǫ̂",
        "39": "*bitrammaz",
        "4": "*bitrammai",
        "40": "*bitrammiz",
        "41": "*bitrǭ",
        "42": "*bitrōnų",
        "43": "*bitrōniz",
        "44": "*bitrōni",
        "45": "*bitrōnē",
        "46": "*bitrōniz",
        "47": "*bitrōnunz",
        "48": "*bitrōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*bitrōmaz",
        "5": "*bitranō",
        "50": "*bitrōmiz",
        "51": "*bitrô",
        "52": "*bitrô",
        "53": "*bitriniz",
        "54": "*bitrini",
        "55": "*bitrinē",
        "56": "*bitrōnō",
        "57": "*bitrōnō",
        "58": "*bitranǫ̂",
        "59": "*bitrammaz",
        "6": "*bitrai",
        "60": "*bitrammiz",
        "7": "*bitranz",
        "8": "*bitraizǫ̂",
        "9": "*bitraimaz",
        "title": "*bitraz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bitraz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-raz",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bitter"
      ],
      "id": "en-bitraz-gem-pro-adj-u-jpUx4B",
      "links": [
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "word": "baitraz"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*baitraz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbit.rɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bitraz"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*bitr"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bitr\nOld English: biter, bitter\nMiddle English: bitter\nScots: bittir\nEnglish: bitter\nOld Frisian: *bitter\nSaterland Frisian: bitter\nWest Frisian: bitter\nOld Saxon: bittar\nMiddle Low German: bitter\nLow German: bitter\n→ Danish: bitter\n→ Swedish: bitter (partly)\n→ Norwegian: bitter\nOld Dutch: bitter\nMiddle Dutch: bitter\nDutch: bitter\nOld High German: bittar, pittar\nMiddle High German: bitter, pitter\nGerman: bitter\nLuxembourgish: batter\nVilamovian: bytter\nYiddish: ביטער (biter)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bitr\nOld English: biter, bitter\nMiddle English: bitter\nScots: bittir\nEnglish: bitter\nOld Frisian: *bitter\nSaterland Frisian: bitter\nWest Frisian: bitter\nOld Saxon: bittar\nMiddle Low German: bitter\nLow German: bitter\n→ Danish: bitter\n→ Swedish: bitter (partly)\n→ Norwegian: bitter\nOld Dutch: bitter\nMiddle Dutch: bitter\nDutch: bitter\nOld High German: bittar, pittar\nMiddle High German: bitter, pitter\nGerman: bitter\nLuxembourgish: batter\nVilamovian: bytter\nYiddish: ביטער (biter)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "bitr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: bitr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: bitr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "bitur"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: bitur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: bitur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "bitur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: bitur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: bitur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "biter",
            "3": "bitter",
            "4": "beter"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: biter, bitter, beter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: biter, bitter, beter"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "bitter"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: bitter",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: bitter (under Low German influence)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "biderhvas"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: biderhvas",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: biderhvas (compound with *hwassaz)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeyd-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "",
        "3": "*raz"
      },
      "expansion": "+ *-raz",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From pre-Germanic *bʰidrós (“biting, splitting”), equivalent to *bītaną + *-raz.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitras",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitraniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitriniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitriniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitranǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bitrammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bitr"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*bitraz",
        "10": "*bitraimiz",
        "11": "*bitrō",
        "12": "*bitrǭ",
        "13": "*bitraizōz",
        "14": "*bitraizōi",
        "15": "*bitraizō",
        "16": "*bitrôz",
        "17": "*bitrōz",
        "18": "*bitraizǫ̂",
        "19": "*bitraimaz",
        "2": "*bitranǭ",
        "20": "*bitraimiz",
        "21": "*bitrą, -atō",
        "22": "*bitrą, -atō",
        "23": "*bitras, -is",
        "24": "*bitrammai",
        "25": "*bitranō",
        "26": "*bitrō",
        "27": "*bitrō",
        "28": "*bitraizǫ̂",
        "29": "*bitraimaz",
        "3": "*bitras, -is",
        "30": "*bitraimiz",
        "31": "*bitrô",
        "32": "*bitranų",
        "33": "*bitriniz",
        "34": "*bitrini",
        "35": "*bitrinē",
        "36": "*bitraniz",
        "37": "*bitranunz",
        "38": "*bitranǫ̂",
        "39": "*bitrammaz",
        "4": "*bitrammai",
        "40": "*bitrammiz",
        "41": "*bitrǭ",
        "42": "*bitrōnų",
        "43": "*bitrōniz",
        "44": "*bitrōni",
        "45": "*bitrōnē",
        "46": "*bitrōniz",
        "47": "*bitrōnunz",
        "48": "*bitrōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*bitrōmaz",
        "5": "*bitranō",
        "50": "*bitrōmiz",
        "51": "*bitrô",
        "52": "*bitrô",
        "53": "*bitriniz",
        "54": "*bitrini",
        "55": "*bitrinē",
        "56": "*bitrōnō",
        "57": "*bitrōnō",
        "58": "*bitranǫ̂",
        "59": "*bitrammaz",
        "6": "*bitrai",
        "60": "*bitrammiz",
        "7": "*bitranz",
        "8": "*bitraizǫ̂",
        "9": "*bitraimaz",
        "title": "*bitraz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bitraz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "baitraz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeyd-",
        "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-raz",
        "gem-pro:Taste"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bitter"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*baitraz"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbit.rɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bitraz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bitraz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.