See bilją in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bill",
"3": "bil",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bill, bil n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bill, bil n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bil",
"3": "bille",
"4": "bill"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: bil, bille, bill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: bil, bille, bill"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bill"
},
"expansion": "Scots: bill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: bill"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bill"
},
"expansion": "English: bill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: bill"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*bile"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *bile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(Old Frisian: *bile)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bile"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: bile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(West Frisian: bile)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "bil",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: bil n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: bil n; (*bīhal; *bīhala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bil",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: bil n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: bil n; (bīl n; bīle f)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Biel",
"g": "n,f"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Biel n or f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(German Low German: Biel n or f)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bil",
"bor": "1",
"t": "axe"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: bil (“axe”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: bil (“axe”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bila",
"bor": "1",
"t": "axe"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: bila (“axe”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: bila (“axe”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*billi"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *billi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *billi; (*bīal; *bīala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bille"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: bille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: bille; (bīle, bijl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bil"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: bil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: bil, (bijl)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "byl"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: byl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(Afrikaans: byl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "billi",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: billi n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: billi n; (bīhal n; bīhala f)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bille",
"3": "bil",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: bille, bil n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: bille, bil n; (bīhel, bīel, pīel, bīl, bīle n)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bille",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "German: Bille f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Bille f; (Beil n)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyH-",
"t": "to strike; beat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH- (“to strike; beat”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH- (“to strike; beat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bilją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bilją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "biljō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bilją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biljas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bilis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biljai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biljō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bilją",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "biþlą"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "81 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "87 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a cutting implement; blade; axe; sword"
],
"id": "en-bilją-gem-pro-noun-WggEfWaa",
"links": [
[
"blade",
"blade"
],
[
"axe",
"axe"
],
[
"sword",
"sword"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spike; peg; nail"
],
"id": "en-bilją-gem-pro-noun-LB0cPq~Y",
"links": [
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"peg",
"peg"
],
[
"nail",
"nail"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbil.jɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "bilją"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bill",
"3": "bil",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old English: bill, bil n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: bill, bil n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bil",
"3": "bille",
"4": "bill"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: bil, bille, bill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: bil, bille, bill"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bill"
},
"expansion": "Scots: bill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: bill"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "bill"
},
"expansion": "English: bill",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: bill"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*bile"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *bile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(Old Frisian: *bile)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "bile"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: bile",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(West Frisian: bile)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "bil",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: bil n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: bil n; (*bīhal; *bīhala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "bil",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: bil n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: bil n; (bīl n; bīle f)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Biel",
"g": "n,f"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Biel n or f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(German Low German: Biel n or f)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bil",
"bor": "1",
"t": "axe"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: bil (“axe”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: bil (“axe”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bila",
"bor": "1",
"t": "axe"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: bila (“axe”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: bila (“axe”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*billi"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *billi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *billi; (*bīal; *bīala)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "bille"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: bille",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: bille; (bīle, bijl)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "bil"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: bil",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: bil, (bijl)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "af",
"2": "byl"
},
"expansion": "Afrikaans: byl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "(Afrikaans: byl)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "billi",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: billi n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: billi n; (bīhal n; bīhala f)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "bille",
"3": "bil",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: bille, bil n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: bille, bil n; (bīhel, bīel, pīel, bīl, bīle n)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Bille",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "German: Bille f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Bille f; (Beil n)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰeyH-",
"t": "to strike; beat"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH- (“to strike; beat”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰeyH- (“to strike; beat”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bilją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bilją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "biljō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bilją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biljas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bilis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biljai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "biljō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "biljamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bilją",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "biþlą"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a cutting implement; blade; axe; sword"
],
"links": [
[
"blade",
"blade"
],
[
"axe",
"axe"
],
[
"sword",
"sword"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"spike; peg; nail"
],
"links": [
[
"spike",
"spike"
],
[
"peg",
"peg"
],
[
"nail",
"nail"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbil.jɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "bilją"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bilją meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.