"bidjaną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See bidjaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈbið.jɑ.nɑ̃/
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰédʰyeti, from *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for; beseech”), or alternatively from *bʰedʰ- (“to bend, bow”) (compare the root of *bindaną). Not, as sometimes suggested, related to *bīdaną (“to wait”). More at *bedō (“a request, prayer”). Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*bʰedʰ-|*gʷʰedʰ-}}, {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*gʷʰédʰyeti}} Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰédʰyeti Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-st-j|bid|bad|bēd|bed|class=5|j=j}} Forms: strong [table-tags], bidjō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], bidjaų [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], bidjai [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], bidisi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], bidjais [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], bidi [active, imperative, second-person, singular], bidjasai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], bidjaisau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], bidiþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], bidjai [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], bidjaþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], bidjaþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], bidjaiþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], bidjōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], bidjaiw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], bidjaþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], bidjaiþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], bidjaþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], bidjamaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], bidjaim [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], bidjanþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], bidjainþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], bidiþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], bidjaiþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], bidiþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], bidjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], bidjainþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], bidjanþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], bidjain [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], bidjanþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], bidjanþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], bidjainþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], bad [active, first-person, indicative, singular], bēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], bast [active, indicative, second-person, singular], bēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], bad [active, indicative, singular, third-person], bēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], bēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], bēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], bēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], bēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], bēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], bēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], bēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], bēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], bēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], bēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], bidjandz [active, participle, present], bedanaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to make a request (of/for); Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-bidjaną-gem-pro-verb--lV-3YXJ Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 38 20 41
  2. (transitive, +accu) to ask (of person) Tags: reconstruction, transitive
    Sense id: en-bidjaną-gem-pro-verb-fnbKs5bi Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 38 20 41 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 28 41 31 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 28 40 32
  3. (transitive, +gen) to request, ask (for something) Tags: reconstruction, transitive
    Sense id: en-bidjaną-gem-pro-verb-EZydfI3y Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 38 20 41
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: bidilaz, gabidjaną Related terms: bedą, bedō, bedōną, bēdiz
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bidilaz"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "gabidjaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*biddjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *biddjan\nOld English: biddan\nMiddle English: bidden\nEnglish: bid\nScots: bid\nOld Frisian: bidda\nNorth Frisian: bade, bad, ber\nSaterland Frisian: bidje\nWest Frisian: bidde\nOld Saxon: biddian\nMiddle Low German: bidden\nLow German: bidden\nPlautdietsch: beeden, bedden\nOld Dutch: bidden\nMiddle Dutch: bidden\nDutch: bidden\nAfrikaans: bid\nNegerhollands: bed, bet, bit\nLimburgish: baeje\nOld High German: bitten\nMiddle High German: bitten\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pittan\nMòcheno: pitten\nGerman: bitten\nYiddish: ביטן (bitn)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *biddjan\nOld English: biddan\nMiddle English: bidden\nEnglish: bid\nScots: bid\nOld Frisian: bidda\nNorth Frisian: bade, bad, ber\nSaterland Frisian: bidje\nWest Frisian: bidde\nOld Saxon: biddian\nMiddle Low German: bidden\nLow German: bidden\nPlautdietsch: beeden, bedden\nOld Dutch: bidden\nMiddle Dutch: bidden\nDutch: bidden\nAfrikaans: bid\nNegerhollands: bed, bet, bit\nLimburgish: baeje\nOld High German: bitten\nMiddle High German: bitten\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pittan\nMòcheno: pitten\nGerman: bitten\nYiddish: ביטן (bitn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "biðja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: biðja, ᛒᛁᚦᛁᛅ (biþia) — infinitive, ᛒᛅᚦ (baþ) — first/third singular past indicative\nIcelandic: biðja\nFaroese: biðja\nNorwegian Nynorsk: bidja, beda, be\nOld Swedish: biþia, bedhia\nSwedish: bedja, be\nDanish: bede\nNorwegian Bokmål: bede, be",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: biðja, ᛒᛁᚦᛁᛅ (biþia) — infinitive, ᛒᛅᚦ (baþ) — first/third singular past indicative\nIcelandic: biðja\nFaroese: biðja\nNorwegian Nynorsk: bidja, beda, be\nOld Swedish: biþia, bedhia\nSwedish: bedja, be\nDanish: bede\nNorwegian Bokmål: bede, be"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bidjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bidjan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰedʰ-",
        "4": "*gʷʰedʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰédʰyeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰédʰyeti",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰédʰyeti, from *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for; beseech”), or alternatively from *bʰedʰ- (“to bend, bow”) (compare the root of *bindaną). Not, as sometimes suggested, related to *bīdaną (“to wait”). More at *bedō (“a request, prayer”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "5 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bad",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bast",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bad",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bid",
        "2": "bad",
        "3": "bēd",
        "4": "bed",
        "class": "5",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bidjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bedą"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bedō"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bedōną"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "bēdiz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 20 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make a request (of/for);"
      ],
      "id": "en-bidjaną-gem-pro-verb--lV-3YXJ",
      "links": [
        [
          "request",
          "request"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 20 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 41 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 40 32",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to ask (of person)"
      ],
      "id": "en-bidjaną-gem-pro-verb-fnbKs5bi",
      "links": [
        [
          "ask",
          "ask"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, +accu) to ask (of person)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "38 20 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to request, ask (for something)"
      ],
      "id": "en-bidjaną-gem-pro-verb-EZydfI3y",
      "links": [
        [
          "request",
          "request"
        ],
        [
          "ask",
          "ask"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, +gen) to request, ask (for something)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbið.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "bidjaną"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic class 5 strong j-present verbs",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰedʰ-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷʰedʰ-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic verbs",
    "gem-pro:Talking"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bidilaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "gabidjaną"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*biddjan"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *biddjan\nOld English: biddan\nMiddle English: bidden\nEnglish: bid\nScots: bid\nOld Frisian: bidda\nNorth Frisian: bade, bad, ber\nSaterland Frisian: bidje\nWest Frisian: bidde\nOld Saxon: biddian\nMiddle Low German: bidden\nLow German: bidden\nPlautdietsch: beeden, bedden\nOld Dutch: bidden\nMiddle Dutch: bidden\nDutch: bidden\nAfrikaans: bid\nNegerhollands: bed, bet, bit\nLimburgish: baeje\nOld High German: bitten\nMiddle High German: bitten\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pittan\nMòcheno: pitten\nGerman: bitten\nYiddish: ביטן (bitn)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *biddjan\nOld English: biddan\nMiddle English: bidden\nEnglish: bid\nScots: bid\nOld Frisian: bidda\nNorth Frisian: bade, bad, ber\nSaterland Frisian: bidje\nWest Frisian: bidde\nOld Saxon: biddian\nMiddle Low German: bidden\nLow German: bidden\nPlautdietsch: beeden, bedden\nOld Dutch: bidden\nMiddle Dutch: bidden\nDutch: bidden\nAfrikaans: bid\nNegerhollands: bed, bet, bit\nLimburgish: baeje\nOld High German: bitten\nMiddle High German: bitten\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pittan\nMòcheno: pitten\nGerman: bitten\nYiddish: ביטן (bitn)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "biðja"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: biðja, ᛒᛁᚦᛁᛅ (biþia) — infinitive, ᛒᛅᚦ (baþ) — first/third singular past indicative\nIcelandic: biðja\nFaroese: biðja\nNorwegian Nynorsk: bidja, beda, be\nOld Swedish: biþia, bedhia\nSwedish: bedja, be\nDanish: bede\nNorwegian Bokmål: bede, be",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: biðja, ᛒᛁᚦᛁᛅ (biþia) — infinitive, ᛒᛅᚦ (baþ) — first/third singular past indicative\nIcelandic: biðja\nFaroese: biðja\nNorwegian Nynorsk: bidja, beda, be\nOld Swedish: biþia, bedhia\nSwedish: bedja, be\nDanish: bede\nNorwegian Bokmål: bede, be"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bidjan)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (bidjan)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰedʰ-",
        "4": "*gʷʰedʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʷʰédʰyeti"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰédʰyeti",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʷʰédʰyeti, from *gʷʰedʰ- (“to ask for; beseech”), or alternatively from *bʰedʰ- (“to bend, bow”) (compare the root of *bindaną). Not, as sometimes suggested, related to *bīdaną (“to wait”). More at *bedō (“a request, prayer”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "strong",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-st-j",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "5 j-present",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidisi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjais",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjasai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaisau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidiþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaiþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaiw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaiþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjamaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjaiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidiþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjain",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjanþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjainþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bad",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bast",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bad",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bidjandz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bedanaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bid",
        "2": "bad",
        "3": "bēd",
        "4": "bed",
        "class": "5",
        "j": "j"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-st-j"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bidjaną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "bedą"
    },
    {
      "word": "bedō"
    },
    {
      "word": "bedōną"
    },
    {
      "word": "bēdiz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to make a request (of/for);"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "request",
          "request"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Germanic transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to ask (of person)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "ask",
          "ask"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, +accu) to ask (of person)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Germanic transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to request, ask (for something)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "request",
          "request"
        ],
        [
          "ask",
          "ask"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, +gen) to request, ask (for something)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbið.jɑ.nɑ̃/"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "Brill Publishers"
  ],
  "word": "bidjaną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bidjaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (10.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (0c0c1f1 and 4230888). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.