"berhtaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See berhtaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈberx.tɑz/
Etymology: From Pre-Germanic *bʰer(H)ǵtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ- (“to shine”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *berxtos. Etymology templates: {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*bʰerHǵ-||to shine}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ- (“to shine”), {{cog|cel-pro|*berxtos}} Proto-Celtic *berxtos Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|berht}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*berhtaz|*berhtanǭ|*berhtas, -is|*berhtammai|*berhtanō|*berhtai|*berhtanz|*berhtaizǫ̂|*berhtaimaz|*berhtaimiz|*berhtō|*berhtǭ|*berhtaizōz|*berhtaizōi|*berhtaizō|*berhtôz|*berhtōz|*berhtaizǫ̂|*berhtaimaz|*berhtaimiz|*berhtą, -atō|*berhtą, -atō|*berhtas, -is|*berhtammai|*berhtanō|*berhtō|*berhtō|*berhtaizǫ̂|*berhtaimaz|*berhtaimiz|*berhtô|*berhtanų|*berhtiniz|*berhtini|*berhtinē|*berhtaniz|*berhtanunz|*berhtanǫ̂|*berhtammaz|*berhtammiz|*berhtǭ|*berhtōnų|*berhtōniz|*berhtōni|*berhtōnē|*berhtōniz|*berhtōnunz|*berhtōnǫ̂|*berhtōmaz|*berhtōmiz|*berhtô|*berhtô|*berhtiniz|*berhtini|*berhtinē|*berhtōnō|*berhtōnō|*berhtanǫ̂|*berhtammaz|*berhtammiz|title=*berhtaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], berhtaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], berhtai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], berhtō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], berhtôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], berhtą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], berhtō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], berhtanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], berhtanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], berhtǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], berhtōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], berhtą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], berhtō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], berhtas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], berhtaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], berhtaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], berhtaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], berhtas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], berhtaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], berhtammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], berhtaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], berhtaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], berhtaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], berhtammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], berhtaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], berhtanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], berhtaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], berhtaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], berhtaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], berhtanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], berhtaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], berhtô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], berhtaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], berhtǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], berhtōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], berhtô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], berhtōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], berhtanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], berhtanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], berhtōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], berhtōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], berhtô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], berhtōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], berhtiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], berhtanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], berhtōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], berhtōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], berhtiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], berhtanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], berhtini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], berhtammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], berhtōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], berhtōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], berhtini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], berhtammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], berhtinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], berhtammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], berhtōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], berhtōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], berhtinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], berhtammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. bright, shining Wikipedia link: Brill Publishers Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: Berhtamēraz, birhtį̄, birhtijaną, berhtalīkaz, Hrōþiberhtaz, Þeudōberhtaz Derived forms (*Berhtaharjaz): Perctarit Derived forms (*Harjaberhtaz): Aripert Derived forms (*Raginaberhtaz): Raginpert
    Sense id: en-berhtaz-gem-pro-adj-TxuK~Om0 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*berht"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *berht\nOld English: beorht, berht — Mercian, bryht, byrht\nMiddle English: briht, briȝt, bright\nEnglish: bright\n→ Icelandic: bræt\nGeordie English: breet\nScots: bricht\nOld Saxon: berht, beraht\n⇒ Middle Low German: brecht m (“shine, brightness, glory”, noun)\nOld Dutch: *berht\n⇒ Old Dutch: filoberht (“very bright”)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: onbrecht, ombrecht (“unclear”)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: Brecht, Brechta, Bert, Berte (personal names)\nDutch: Brecht, Bert\nOld High German: beraht, peraht\n⇒ Old High German: giberaht\nMiddle High German: gebërht\nMiddle High German: bërht\n⇒ German: Bert, Bert-, -bert, -brecht (in personal names)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *berht\nOld English: beorht, berht — Mercian, bryht, byrht\nMiddle English: briht, briȝt, bright\nEnglish: bright\n→ Icelandic: bræt\nGeordie English: breet\nScots: bricht\nOld Saxon: berht, beraht\n⇒ Middle Low German: brecht m (“shine, brightness, glory”, noun)\nOld Dutch: *berht\n⇒ Old Dutch: filoberht (“very bright”)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: onbrecht, ombrecht (“unclear”)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: Brecht, Brechta, Bert, Berte (personal names)\nDutch: Brecht, Bert\nOld High German: beraht, peraht\n⇒ Old High German: giberaht\nMiddle High German: gebërht\nMiddle High German: bërht\n⇒ German: Bert, Bert-, -bert, -brecht (in personal names)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "bjartr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: bjartr\nIcelandic: bjartur\nFaroese: bjartur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: bjart\nOld Swedish: biærter\nSwedish: bjärt\nDanish: bjært, bært",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: bjartr\nIcelandic: bjartur\nFaroese: bjartur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: bjart\nOld Swedish: biærter\nSwedish: bjärt\nDanish: bjært, bært"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (bairhts)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (bairhts)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰerHǵ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to shine"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ- (“to shine”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*berxtos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *berxtos",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *bʰer(H)ǵtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ- (“to shine”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *berxtos.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "berht"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*berhtaz",
        "10": "*berhtaimiz",
        "11": "*berhtō",
        "12": "*berhtǭ",
        "13": "*berhtaizōz",
        "14": "*berhtaizōi",
        "15": "*berhtaizō",
        "16": "*berhtôz",
        "17": "*berhtōz",
        "18": "*berhtaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*berhtaimaz",
        "2": "*berhtanǭ",
        "20": "*berhtaimiz",
        "21": "*berhtą, -atō",
        "22": "*berhtą, -atō",
        "23": "*berhtas, -is",
        "24": "*berhtammai",
        "25": "*berhtanō",
        "26": "*berhtō",
        "27": "*berhtō",
        "28": "*berhtaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*berhtaimaz",
        "3": "*berhtas, -is",
        "30": "*berhtaimiz",
        "31": "*berhtô",
        "32": "*berhtanų",
        "33": "*berhtiniz",
        "34": "*berhtini",
        "35": "*berhtinē",
        "36": "*berhtaniz",
        "37": "*berhtanunz",
        "38": "*berhtanǫ̂",
        "39": "*berhtammaz",
        "4": "*berhtammai",
        "40": "*berhtammiz",
        "41": "*berhtǭ",
        "42": "*berhtōnų",
        "43": "*berhtōniz",
        "44": "*berhtōni",
        "45": "*berhtōnē",
        "46": "*berhtōniz",
        "47": "*berhtōnunz",
        "48": "*berhtōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*berhtōmaz",
        "5": "*berhtanō",
        "50": "*berhtōmiz",
        "51": "*berhtô",
        "52": "*berhtô",
        "53": "*berhtiniz",
        "54": "*berhtini",
        "55": "*berhtinē",
        "56": "*berhtōnō",
        "57": "*berhtōnō",
        "58": "*berhtanǫ̂",
        "59": "*berhtammaz",
        "6": "*berhtai",
        "60": "*berhtammiz",
        "7": "*berhtanz",
        "8": "*berhtaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*berhtaimaz",
        "title": "*berhtaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/berhtaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "sense": "*Harjaberhtaz",
          "word": "Aripert"
        },
        {
          "sense": "*Berhtaharjaz",
          "word": "Perctarit"
        },
        {
          "word": "Berhtamēraz"
        },
        {
          "word": "birhtį̄"
        },
        {
          "word": "birhtijaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "berhtalīkaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "Hrōþiberhtaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "Þeudōberhtaz"
        },
        {
          "sense": "*Raginaberhtaz",
          "word": "Raginpert"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bright, shining"
      ],
      "id": "en-berhtaz-gem-pro-adj-TxuK~Om0",
      "links": [
        [
          "bright",
          "bright"
        ],
        [
          "shining",
          "shining"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈberx.tɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "berhtaz"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "sense": "*Harjaberhtaz",
      "word": "Aripert"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*Berhtaharjaz",
      "word": "Perctarit"
    },
    {
      "word": "Berhtamēraz"
    },
    {
      "word": "birhtį̄"
    },
    {
      "word": "birhtijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "berhtalīkaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "Hrōþiberhtaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "Þeudōberhtaz"
    },
    {
      "sense": "*Raginaberhtaz",
      "word": "Raginpert"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*berht"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *berht\nOld English: beorht, berht — Mercian, bryht, byrht\nMiddle English: briht, briȝt, bright\nEnglish: bright\n→ Icelandic: bræt\nGeordie English: breet\nScots: bricht\nOld Saxon: berht, beraht\n⇒ Middle Low German: brecht m (“shine, brightness, glory”, noun)\nOld Dutch: *berht\n⇒ Old Dutch: filoberht (“very bright”)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: onbrecht, ombrecht (“unclear”)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: Brecht, Brechta, Bert, Berte (personal names)\nDutch: Brecht, Bert\nOld High German: beraht, peraht\n⇒ Old High German: giberaht\nMiddle High German: gebërht\nMiddle High German: bërht\n⇒ German: Bert, Bert-, -bert, -brecht (in personal names)",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *berht\nOld English: beorht, berht — Mercian, bryht, byrht\nMiddle English: briht, briȝt, bright\nEnglish: bright\n→ Icelandic: bræt\nGeordie English: breet\nScots: bricht\nOld Saxon: berht, beraht\n⇒ Middle Low German: brecht m (“shine, brightness, glory”, noun)\nOld Dutch: *berht\n⇒ Old Dutch: filoberht (“very bright”)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: onbrecht, ombrecht (“unclear”)\n⇒ Middle Dutch: Brecht, Brechta, Bert, Berte (personal names)\nDutch: Brecht, Bert\nOld High German: beraht, peraht\n⇒ Old High German: giberaht\nMiddle High German: gebërht\nMiddle High German: bërht\n⇒ German: Bert, Bert-, -bert, -brecht (in personal names)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "bjartr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: bjartr\nIcelandic: bjartur\nFaroese: bjartur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: bjart\nOld Swedish: biærter\nSwedish: bjärt\nDanish: bjært, bært",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: bjartr\nIcelandic: bjartur\nFaroese: bjartur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: bjart\nOld Swedish: biærter\nSwedish: bjärt\nDanish: bjært, bært"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (bairhts)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌷𐍄𐍃 (bairhts)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰerHǵ-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to shine"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ- (“to shine”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "*berxtos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *berxtos",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Pre-Germanic *bʰer(H)ǵtos, from Proto-Indo-European *bʰerHǵ- (“to shine”). Cognate with Proto-Celtic *berxtos.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "berhtammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "berht"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*berhtaz",
        "10": "*berhtaimiz",
        "11": "*berhtō",
        "12": "*berhtǭ",
        "13": "*berhtaizōz",
        "14": "*berhtaizōi",
        "15": "*berhtaizō",
        "16": "*berhtôz",
        "17": "*berhtōz",
        "18": "*berhtaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*berhtaimaz",
        "2": "*berhtanǭ",
        "20": "*berhtaimiz",
        "21": "*berhtą, -atō",
        "22": "*berhtą, -atō",
        "23": "*berhtas, -is",
        "24": "*berhtammai",
        "25": "*berhtanō",
        "26": "*berhtō",
        "27": "*berhtō",
        "28": "*berhtaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*berhtaimaz",
        "3": "*berhtas, -is",
        "30": "*berhtaimiz",
        "31": "*berhtô",
        "32": "*berhtanų",
        "33": "*berhtiniz",
        "34": "*berhtini",
        "35": "*berhtinē",
        "36": "*berhtaniz",
        "37": "*berhtanunz",
        "38": "*berhtanǫ̂",
        "39": "*berhtammaz",
        "4": "*berhtammai",
        "40": "*berhtammiz",
        "41": "*berhtǭ",
        "42": "*berhtōnų",
        "43": "*berhtōniz",
        "44": "*berhtōni",
        "45": "*berhtōnē",
        "46": "*berhtōniz",
        "47": "*berhtōnunz",
        "48": "*berhtōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*berhtōmaz",
        "5": "*berhtanō",
        "50": "*berhtōmiz",
        "51": "*berhtô",
        "52": "*berhtô",
        "53": "*berhtiniz",
        "54": "*berhtini",
        "55": "*berhtinē",
        "56": "*berhtōnō",
        "57": "*berhtōnō",
        "58": "*berhtanǫ̂",
        "59": "*berhtammaz",
        "6": "*berhtai",
        "60": "*berhtammiz",
        "7": "*berhtanz",
        "8": "*berhtaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*berhtaimaz",
        "title": "*berhtaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/berhtaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "bright, shining"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bright",
          "bright"
        ],
        [
          "shining",
          "shining"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Brill Publishers"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈberx.tɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "berhtaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for berhtaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (11.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.