See bergaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*berg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *berg\nOld English: beorg, beorh, berg\nMiddle English: bergh, berȝ, beruȝ, beruh, berw\nEnglish: barrow; bargh (Northern England)\nScots: burrae\nMiddle English: berȝe, beryhe, berye (via beorge (genitive))\nEnglish: berry\nOld Frisian: berch\nNorth Frisian: beerg\nSaterland Frisian: Bíerig\nWest Frisian: berch\nOld Saxon: berg, berag\nMiddle Low German: berch\nGerman Low German: Barg\nPlautdietsch: Boajch\nOld Dutch: berg\nMiddle Dutch: berch\nDutch: berg\nAfrikaans: berg\n→ English: berg\nBerbice Creole Dutch: berki\nJersey Dutch: bêrix\nNegerhollands: berg, bergi\n→ Virgin Islands Creole: berg, bergi\n→ Aukan: beligi\n→ Sranan Tongo: bergi\n→ Caribbean Javanese: bérgi\nLimburgish: berg\nOld High German: berg\nMiddle High German: bërc\nAlemannic German: Bäärg, Bärg, Bèèrg, Bërg\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pèrge\nMòcheno: pèrg\nCentral Franconian: Berch\nEifel: Bersch\nHunsrik: Berrich\nEast Central German: Barg (Erzgebirgisch)\nGerman: Berg\nLuxembourgish: Bierg\nPennsylvania German: Barig\nYiddish: באַרג (barg)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *berg\nOld English: beorg, beorh, berg\nMiddle English: bergh, berȝ, beruȝ, beruh, berw\nEnglish: barrow; bargh (Northern England)\nScots: burrae\nMiddle English: berȝe, beryhe, berye (via beorge (genitive))\nEnglish: berry\nOld Frisian: berch\nNorth Frisian: beerg\nSaterland Frisian: Bíerig\nWest Frisian: berch\nOld Saxon: berg, berag\nMiddle Low German: berch\nGerman Low German: Barg\nPlautdietsch: Boajch\nOld Dutch: berg\nMiddle Dutch: berch\nDutch: berg\nAfrikaans: berg\n→ English: berg\nBerbice Creole Dutch: berki\nJersey Dutch: bêrix\nNegerhollands: berg, bergi\n→ Virgin Islands Creole: berg, bergi\n→ Aukan: beligi\n→ Sranan Tongo: bergi\n→ Caribbean Javanese: bérgi\nLimburgish: berg\nOld High German: berg\nMiddle High German: bërc\nAlemannic German: Bäärg, Bärg, Bèèrg, Bërg\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pèrge\nMòcheno: pèrg\nCentral Franconian: Berch\nEifel: Bersch\nHunsrik: Berrich\nEast Central German: Barg (Erzgebirgisch)\nGerman: Berg\nLuxembourgish: Bierg\nPennsylvania German: Barig\nYiddish: באַרג (barg)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "berg",
"qq": "< *bergą <abbr title=\"neuter gender\">n</abbr>"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: berg, bjarg (< *bergą n)\nIcelandic: berg, bjarg\nFaroese: berg, bjarg, bjørg\nNorwegian: berg\n→ Danish: berg (also from German)\nNorwegian Bokmål: berg\nElfdalian: bjärr, bjärg-, bjärgs-, bjärrs-\nOld Swedish: biærgh, bærgh\nSwedish: berg\nOld Danish: biargh, biærgh, bærgh\nScanian: bjærğ\nDanish: bjerg\nNorwegian Bokmål: bjerg\nGutnish: berg, bjerg, bjerr\n→ Scots: berg",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: berg, bjarg (< *bergą n)\nIcelandic: berg, bjarg\nFaroese: berg, bjarg, bjørg\nNorwegian: berg\n→ Danish: berg (also from German)\nNorwegian Bokmål: berg\nElfdalian: bjärr, bjärg-, bjärgs-, bjärrs-\nOld Swedish: biærgh, bærgh\nSwedish: berg\nOld Danish: biargh, biærgh, bærgh\nScanian: bjærğ\nDanish: bjerg\nNorwegian Bokmål: bjerg\nGutnish: berg, bjerg, bjerr\n→ Scots: berg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: *𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃 (*bairgs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: *𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃 (*bairgs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹 (bairgahei)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹 (bairgahei)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰérǵʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bergaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "berg",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bergōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bergōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bergą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "berganz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "birgis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "birgai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bergaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "Bergafriþuz"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hill, mountain"
],
"id": "en-bergaz-gem-pro-noun-0bBTfiCP",
"links": [
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"mountain",
"mountain"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "burgz"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈber.ɣɑz/"
}
],
"word": "bergaz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "Bergafriþuz"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*berg"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *berg\nOld English: beorg, beorh, berg\nMiddle English: bergh, berȝ, beruȝ, beruh, berw\nEnglish: barrow; bargh (Northern England)\nScots: burrae\nMiddle English: berȝe, beryhe, berye (via beorge (genitive))\nEnglish: berry\nOld Frisian: berch\nNorth Frisian: beerg\nSaterland Frisian: Bíerig\nWest Frisian: berch\nOld Saxon: berg, berag\nMiddle Low German: berch\nGerman Low German: Barg\nPlautdietsch: Boajch\nOld Dutch: berg\nMiddle Dutch: berch\nDutch: berg\nAfrikaans: berg\n→ English: berg\nBerbice Creole Dutch: berki\nJersey Dutch: bêrix\nNegerhollands: berg, bergi\n→ Virgin Islands Creole: berg, bergi\n→ Aukan: beligi\n→ Sranan Tongo: bergi\n→ Caribbean Javanese: bérgi\nLimburgish: berg\nOld High German: berg\nMiddle High German: bërc\nAlemannic German: Bäärg, Bärg, Bèèrg, Bërg\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pèrge\nMòcheno: pèrg\nCentral Franconian: Berch\nEifel: Bersch\nHunsrik: Berrich\nEast Central German: Barg (Erzgebirgisch)\nGerman: Berg\nLuxembourgish: Bierg\nPennsylvania German: Barig\nYiddish: באַרג (barg)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *berg\nOld English: beorg, beorh, berg\nMiddle English: bergh, berȝ, beruȝ, beruh, berw\nEnglish: barrow; bargh (Northern England)\nScots: burrae\nMiddle English: berȝe, beryhe, berye (via beorge (genitive))\nEnglish: berry\nOld Frisian: berch\nNorth Frisian: beerg\nSaterland Frisian: Bíerig\nWest Frisian: berch\nOld Saxon: berg, berag\nMiddle Low German: berch\nGerman Low German: Barg\nPlautdietsch: Boajch\nOld Dutch: berg\nMiddle Dutch: berch\nDutch: berg\nAfrikaans: berg\n→ English: berg\nBerbice Creole Dutch: berki\nJersey Dutch: bêrix\nNegerhollands: berg, bergi\n→ Virgin Islands Creole: berg, bergi\n→ Aukan: beligi\n→ Sranan Tongo: bergi\n→ Caribbean Javanese: bérgi\nLimburgish: berg\nOld High German: berg\nMiddle High German: bërc\nAlemannic German: Bäärg, Bärg, Bèèrg, Bërg\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pèrge\nMòcheno: pèrg\nCentral Franconian: Berch\nEifel: Bersch\nHunsrik: Berrich\nEast Central German: Barg (Erzgebirgisch)\nGerman: Berg\nLuxembourgish: Bierg\nPennsylvania German: Barig\nYiddish: באַרג (barg)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "berg",
"qq": "< *bergą <abbr title=\"neuter gender\">n</abbr>"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: berg, bjarg (< *bergą n)\nIcelandic: berg, bjarg\nFaroese: berg, bjarg, bjørg\nNorwegian: berg\n→ Danish: berg (also from German)\nNorwegian Bokmål: berg\nElfdalian: bjärr, bjärg-, bjärgs-, bjärrs-\nOld Swedish: biærgh, bærgh\nSwedish: berg\nOld Danish: biargh, biærgh, bærgh\nScanian: bjærğ\nDanish: bjerg\nNorwegian Bokmål: bjerg\nGutnish: berg, bjerg, bjerr\n→ Scots: berg",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: berg, bjarg (< *bergą n)\nIcelandic: berg, bjarg\nFaroese: berg, bjarg, bjørg\nNorwegian: berg\n→ Danish: berg (also from German)\nNorwegian Bokmål: berg\nElfdalian: bjärr, bjärg-, bjärgs-, bjärrs-\nOld Swedish: biærgh, bærgh\nSwedish: berg\nOld Danish: biargh, biærgh, bærgh\nScanian: bjærğ\nDanish: bjerg\nNorwegian Bokmål: bjerg\nGutnish: berg, bjerg, bjerr\n→ Scots: berg"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "*𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: *𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃 (*bairgs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: *𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐍃 (*bairgs)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹 (bairgahei)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Gothic: 𐌱𐌰𐌹𐍂𐌲𐌰𐌷𐌴𐌹 (bairgahei)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰerǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*bʰérǵʰos"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰos",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰérǵʰos.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bergaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "berg",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bergōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bergōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bergą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "berganz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "birgis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "birgai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bergō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bergamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bergaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "burgz"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰerǵʰ-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"glosses": [
"hill, mountain"
],
"links": [
[
"hill",
"hill"
],
[
"mountain",
"mountain"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈber.ɣɑz/"
}
],
"word": "bergaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bergaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.