"bangōną" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See bangōną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to hit, strike, injure”) or *bʰe(n)g- (“to smash, break”); ultimately onomatopoeic. Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*bʰeg-|id=break}}, {{der|gem-pro|ine-pro|*bʰen-||to hit, strike, injure}} Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to hit, strike, injure”), {{onomatopoeic|gem-pro|nocap=1}} onomatopoeic Inflection templates: {{gem-conj-wk2|bang}} Forms: banganą [canonical], bangōną [canonical], weak [table-tags], bangō [active, first-person, indicative, singular], bangǭ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, singular], bangōi [first-person, indicative, passive, singular], - [first-person, passive, singular, subjunctive], bangōsi [active, indicative, second-person, singular], bangōs [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], bangō [active, imperative, second-person, singular], bangōsai [indicative, passive, second-person, singular], bangōsau [passive, second-person, singular, subjunctive], bangōþi [active, indicative, singular, third-person], bangō [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], bangōþau [active, imperative, singular, third-person], bangōþai [indicative, passive, singular, third-person], bangōþau [passive, singular, subjunctive, third-person], bangōs [active, dual, first-person, indicative], bangōw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], - [active, dual, first-person, imperative], - [dual, first-person, indicative, passive], - [dual, first-person, passive, subjunctive], bangōþiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], bangōþiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], bangōþiz [active, dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, indicative, passive, second-person], - [dual, passive, second-person, subjunctive], bangōmaz [active, first-person, indicative, plural], bangōm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], - [active, first-person, imperative, plural], bangōnþai [first-person, indicative, passive, plural], bangōnþau [first-person, passive, plural, subjunctive], bangōþ [active, indicative, plural, second-person], bangōþ [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], bangōþ [active, imperative, plural, second-person], bangōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, second-person], bangōnþau [passive, plural, second-person, subjunctive], bangōnþi [active, indicative, plural, third-person], bangōn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], bangōnþau [active, imperative, plural, third-person], bangōnþai [indicative, passive, plural, third-person], bangōnþau [passive, plural, subjunctive, third-person], bangōdǭ [active, first-person, indicative, singular], bangōdēdį̄ [active, first-person, singular, subjunctive], bangōdēz [active, indicative, second-person, singular], bangōdēdīz [active, second-person, singular, subjunctive], bangōdē [active, indicative, singular, third-person], bangōdēdī [active, singular, subjunctive, third-person], bangōdēdū [active, dual, first-person, indicative], bangōdēdīw [active, dual, first-person, subjunctive], bangōdēdudiz [active, dual, indicative, second-person], bangōdēdīdiz [active, dual, second-person, subjunctive], bangōdēdum [active, first-person, indicative, plural], bangōdēdīm [active, first-person, plural, subjunctive], bangōdēdud [active, indicative, plural, second-person], bangōdēdīd [active, plural, second-person, subjunctive], bangōdēdun [active, indicative, plural, third-person], bangōdēdīn [active, plural, subjunctive, third-person], bangōndz [active, participle, present], bangōdaz [active, participle, past, subjunctive]
  1. to bang; pound; beat Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: bungōną, bankōną, bunkōną Derived forms: bangilaz
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*bangōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bangōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bangōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "*bangian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: *bangian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: *bangian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "*bangen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: *bangen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "bonchen",
            "3": "bunchen",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? bonchen, bunchen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: *bangen; >? bonchen, bunchen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bang"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bang",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bang"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "bang",
            "3": "bung"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: bang, bung",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: bang, bung"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*bangia",
            "3": "*bongia",
            "4": "*bunkia",
            "5": "*bonkia"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *bangia, *bongia, *bunkia, *bonkia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *bangia, *bongia, *bunkia, *bonkia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "boangje"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: boangje",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "bunkje",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? bunkje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: boangje; >? bunkje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "bonkje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: bonkje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: bonkje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*bangōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *bangōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *bangōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "bangen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: bangen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "bunken",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? bunken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: bangen; >? bunken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "bangen",
            "3": "bangeln"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: bangen, bangeln",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: bangen, bangeln"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "bangen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: bangen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: bangen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*bungon",
            "3": "*bonkon",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Dutch: *bungon, *bonkon",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Dutch: *bungon, *bonkon"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "bongen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: bongen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: bongen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "bonken"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: bonken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: bonken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "bangōn",
            "3": "*bankan",
            "4": "*bankōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: bangōn, *bankan, *bankōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: bangōn, *bankan, *bankōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "bangen",
            "3": "pangen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: bangen, pangen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "bungen",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? bungen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: bangen, pangen; >? bungen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gsw",
            "2": "bangen",
            "gloss": "to bump, push, butt"
          },
          "expansion": "Alemannic German: bangen (“to bump, push, butt”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Alemannic German: bangen (“to bump, push, butt”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "banken"
          },
          "expansion": "German: banken",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: banken (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "banga"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: banga\nDanish: banke\n→ Faroese: banka\n→ Icelandic: banka\nFaroese: banga\nIcelandic: banga\nNorwegian Bokmål: banke\nNorwegian Nynorsk: banka, banke\nOld Swedish: bånga\nSwedish: banka\nElfdalian: baunka\nGutnish: banke\n→? Middle English: *bangen\nEnglish: bang\nScots: bang, bung",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: banga\nDanish: banke\n→ Faroese: banka\n→ Icelandic: banka\nFaroese: banga\nIcelandic: banga\nNorwegian Bokmål: banke\nNorwegian Nynorsk: banka, banke\nOld Swedish: bånga\nSwedish: banka\nElfdalian: baunka\nGutnish: banke\n→? Middle English: *bangen\nEnglish: bang\nScots: bang, bung"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeg-",
        "id": "break"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰen-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hit, strike, injure"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to hit, strike, injure”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "onomatopoeic",
      "name": "onomatopoeic"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to hit, strike, injure”) or *bʰe(n)g- (“to smash, break”); ultimately onomatopoeic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "banganą",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōną",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bang"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bangōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic onomatopoeias",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "bangilaz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bang; pound; beat"
      ],
      "id": "en-bangōną-gem-pro-verb-vg7nxy3Y",
      "links": [
        [
          "bang",
          "bang"
        ],
        [
          "pound",
          "pound"
        ],
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "bungōną"
        },
        {
          "word": "bankōną"
        },
        {
          "word": "bunkōną"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "bangōną"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "bangilaz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*bangōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *bangōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *bangōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ang",
            "2": "*bangian"
          },
          "expansion": "Old English: *bangian",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old English: *bangian"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "*bangen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle English: *bangen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "enm",
            "2": "bonchen",
            "3": "bunchen",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? bonchen, bunchen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle English: *bangen; >? bonchen, bunchen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "en",
            "2": "bang"
          },
          "expansion": "English: bang",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "English: bang"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sco",
            "2": "bang",
            "3": "bung"
          },
          "expansion": "Scots: bang, bung",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Scots: bang, bung"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ofs",
            "2": "*bangia",
            "3": "*bongia",
            "4": "*bunkia",
            "5": "*bonkia"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Frisian: *bangia, *bongia, *bunkia, *bonkia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Frisian: *bangia, *bongia, *bunkia, *bonkia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "boangje"
          },
          "expansion": "Saterland Frisian: boangje",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "stq",
            "2": "bunkje",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? bunkje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Saterland Frisian: boangje; >? bunkje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fy",
            "2": "bonkje"
          },
          "expansion": "West Frisian: bonkje",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "West Frisian: bonkje"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "osx",
            "2": "*bangōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Saxon: *bangōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Saxon: *bangōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "bangen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Low German: bangen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gml",
            "2": "bunken",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? bunken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Low German: bangen; >? bunken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nds",
            "2": "bangen",
            "3": "bangeln"
          },
          "expansion": "Low German: bangen, bangeln",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Low German: bangen, bangeln"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "bangen",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ German: bangen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ German: bangen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "odt",
            "2": "*bungon",
            "3": "*bonkon",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? Old Dutch: *bungon, *bonkon",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": ">? Old Dutch: *bungon, *bonkon"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dum",
            "2": "bongen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Dutch: bongen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Dutch: bongen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "nl",
            "2": "bonken"
          },
          "expansion": "Dutch: bonken",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Dutch: bonken"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "goh",
            "2": "bangōn",
            "3": "*bankan",
            "4": "*bankōn"
          },
          "expansion": "Old High German: bangōn, *bankan, *bankōn",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old High German: bangōn, *bankan, *bankōn"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "bangen",
            "3": "pangen"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle High German: bangen, pangen",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmh",
            "2": "bungen",
            "nolb": "1",
            "unc": "1"
          },
          "expansion": ">? bungen",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle High German: bangen, pangen; >? bungen"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gsw",
            "2": "bangen",
            "gloss": "to bump, push, butt"
          },
          "expansion": "Alemannic German: bangen (“to bump, push, butt”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Alemannic German: bangen (“to bump, push, butt”)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 4,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "de",
            "2": "banken"
          },
          "expansion": "German: banken",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "German: banken (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "banga"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: banga\nDanish: banke\n→ Faroese: banka\n→ Icelandic: banka\nFaroese: banga\nIcelandic: banga\nNorwegian Bokmål: banke\nNorwegian Nynorsk: banka, banke\nOld Swedish: bånga\nSwedish: banka\nElfdalian: baunka\nGutnish: banke\n→? Middle English: *bangen\nEnglish: bang\nScots: bang, bung",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: banga\nDanish: banke\n→ Faroese: banka\n→ Icelandic: banka\nFaroese: banga\nIcelandic: banga\nNorwegian Bokmål: banke\nNorwegian Nynorsk: banka, banke\nOld Swedish: bånga\nSwedish: banka\nElfdalian: baunka\nGutnish: banke\n→? Middle English: *bangen\nEnglish: bang\nScots: bang, bung"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰeg-",
        "id": "break"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*bʰen-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to hit, strike, injure"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to hit, strike, injure”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "nocap": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "onomatopoeic",
      "name": "onomatopoeic"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Indo-European *bʰen- (“to hit, strike, injure”) or *bʰe(n)g- (“to smash, break”); ultimately onomatopoeic.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "banganą",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōną",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "weak",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-conj-wk2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōsai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōsau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "passive",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōþ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōnþau",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdį̄",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdī",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdū",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "indicative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīw",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdudiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "indicative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīdiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "dual",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdum",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīm",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdud",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīd",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdun",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdēdīn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōndz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bangōdaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "bang"
      },
      "name": "gem-conj-wk2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bangōną",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Germanic class 2 weak verbs",
        "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
        "Proto-Germanic onomatopoeias",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeg- (break)",
        "Proto-Germanic verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bang; pound; beat"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bang",
          "bang"
        ],
        [
          "pound",
          "pound"
        ],
        [
          "beat",
          "beat"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "bungōną"
    },
    {
      "word": "bankōną"
    },
    {
      "word": "bunkōną"
    }
  ],
  "word": "bangōną"
}

Download raw JSONL data for bangōną meaning in Proto-Germanic (12.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (95d2be1 and 64224ec). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.