See bakiz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*baki"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *baki\nOld English: bæċ\nMiddle English: bæcche, bæche, bache\nEnglish: beach, batch\nOld Frisian: *beke, *betze\nSaterland Frisian: Bäke\nWest Frisian: beek, (in placenames) beets\nOld Saxon: *bak, beki\nMiddle Low German: bēke, bach\nGerman Low German: Beek\nPlautdietsch: Bach\n→ German: -beck\nOld Dutch: beki\nMiddle Dutch: bēke\nDutch: beek\nLimburgish: baek\nOld High German: bah\nMiddle High German: bach\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pach\nMòcheno: pòch\nGerman: Bach\nLuxembourgish: Baach\n→ Medieval Latin: bacha\nOld French: *bais\nFrench: -bais, -baix (in placenames)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *baki\nOld English: bæċ\nMiddle English: bæcche, bæche, bache\nEnglish: beach, batch\nOld Frisian: *beke, *betze\nSaterland Frisian: Bäke\nWest Frisian: beek, (in placenames) beets\nOld Saxon: *bak, beki\nMiddle Low German: bēke, bach\nGerman Low German: Beek\nPlautdietsch: Bach\n→ German: -beck\nOld Dutch: beki\nMiddle Dutch: bēke\nDutch: beek\nLimburgish: baek\nOld High German: bah\nMiddle High German: bach\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pach\nMòcheno: pòch\nGerman: Bach\nLuxembourgish: Baach\n→ Medieval Latin: bacha\nOld French: *bais\nFrench: -bais, -baix (in placenames)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bekkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bekkr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bekkr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bekkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: bekkur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: bekkur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bekk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bekk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bekk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bekk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bekk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bekk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "bækker"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: bækker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: bækker"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bäck"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: bäck",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: bäck"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bæk"
},
"expansion": "Danish: bæk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: bæk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bæk"
},
"expansion": "Danish: bæk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: bæk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bæc",
"3": "becc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old English: bæc, becc",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mostly in placenames"
},
"expansion": "(mostly in placenames)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Old English: bæc, becc (mostly in placenames)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bec",
"3": "becc"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: bec, becc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: bec, becc"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bek",
"3": "bekk"
},
"expansion": "Scots: bek, bekk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: bek, bekk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beck"
},
"expansion": "English: beck",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: beck"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "*bec"
},
"expansion": "Old French: *bec",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: *bec"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "-bec",
"3": "Bec"
},
"expansion": "Norman: -bec, Bec",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in placenames"
},
"expansion": "(in placenames)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norman: -bec, Bec (in placenames)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "der",
"3": "ine-pro>*bʰeg->bend",
"id": "brook"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰog-i-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰog-i-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bagnò",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp, bog, marsh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bagnò (“swamp, bog, marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "búal",
"3": "",
"4": "water; bathing, healing, cure"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish búal (“water; bathing, healing, cure”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰog-i-s, from *bʰog- (“flowing water, brook, stream”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *bagnò (“swamp, bog, marsh”), as well as perhaps Old Irish búal (“water; bathing, healing, cure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bakiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bakīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bakį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakinz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bakīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bakī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bakī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bakiz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"brook, stream"
],
"id": "en-bakiz-gem-pro-noun-7pIAPPpr",
"links": [
[
"brook",
"brook"
],
[
"stream",
"stream"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*lōkiz"
},
{
"word": "*sīką"
},
{
"word": "*straumaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 89",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 91",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"beach, strand"
],
"id": "en-bakiz-gem-pro-noun-zLx6~ZDO",
"links": [
[
"beach",
"beach"
],
[
"strand",
"strand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*strandō"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɑ.kiz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bakiz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰeg- (bend)",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*baki"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *baki\nOld English: bæċ\nMiddle English: bæcche, bæche, bache\nEnglish: beach, batch\nOld Frisian: *beke, *betze\nSaterland Frisian: Bäke\nWest Frisian: beek, (in placenames) beets\nOld Saxon: *bak, beki\nMiddle Low German: bēke, bach\nGerman Low German: Beek\nPlautdietsch: Bach\n→ German: -beck\nOld Dutch: beki\nMiddle Dutch: bēke\nDutch: beek\nLimburgish: baek\nOld High German: bah\nMiddle High German: bach\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pach\nMòcheno: pòch\nGerman: Bach\nLuxembourgish: Baach\n→ Medieval Latin: bacha\nOld French: *bais\nFrench: -bais, -baix (in placenames)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *baki\nOld English: bæċ\nMiddle English: bæcche, bæche, bache\nEnglish: beach, batch\nOld Frisian: *beke, *betze\nSaterland Frisian: Bäke\nWest Frisian: beek, (in placenames) beets\nOld Saxon: *bak, beki\nMiddle Low German: bēke, bach\nGerman Low German: Beek\nPlautdietsch: Bach\n→ German: -beck\nOld Dutch: beki\nMiddle Dutch: bēke\nDutch: beek\nLimburgish: baek\nOld High German: bah\nMiddle High German: bach\nBavarian:\nCimbrian: pach\nMòcheno: pòch\nGerman: Bach\nLuxembourgish: Baach\n→ Medieval Latin: bacha\nOld French: *bais\nFrench: -bais, -baix (in placenames)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "bekkr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: bekkr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: bekkr"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "bekkur"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: bekkur",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: bekkur"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "bekk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: bekk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: bekk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nn",
"2": "bekk"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bekk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Nynorsk: bekk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-osw",
"2": "bækker"
},
"expansion": "Old Swedish: bækker",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Swedish: bækker"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "bäck"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: bäck",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: bäck"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bæk"
},
"expansion": "Danish: bæk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: bæk"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "bæk"
},
"expansion": "Danish: bæk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: bæk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "bæc",
"3": "becc",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old English: bæc, becc",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mostly in placenames"
},
"expansion": "(mostly in placenames)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Old English: bæc, becc (mostly in placenames)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "bec",
"3": "becc"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: bec, becc",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: bec, becc"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "bek",
"3": "bekk"
},
"expansion": "Scots: bek, bekk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: bek, bekk"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "beck"
},
"expansion": "English: beck",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: beck"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "*bec"
},
"expansion": "Old French: *bec",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old French: *bec"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nrf",
"2": "-bec",
"3": "Bec"
},
"expansion": "Norman: -bec, Bec",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "in placenames"
},
"expansion": "(in placenames)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "Norman: -bec, Bec (in placenames)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "der",
"3": "ine-pro>*bʰeg->bend",
"id": "brook"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*bʰog-i-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *bʰog-i-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*bagnò",
"3": "",
"4": "swamp, bog, marsh"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *bagnò (“swamp, bog, marsh”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "búal",
"3": "",
"4": "water; bathing, healing, cure"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish búal (“water; bathing, healing, cure”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *bʰog-i-s, from *bʰog- (“flowing water, brook, stream”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *bagnò (“swamp, bog, marsh”), as well as perhaps Old Irish búal (“water; bathing, healing, cure”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "bakiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "baki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bakīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bakį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakinz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bakīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakjǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bakī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bakī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bakimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bakiz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Landforms",
"gem-pro:Water"
],
"glosses": [
"brook, stream"
],
"links": [
[
"brook",
"brook"
],
[
"stream",
"stream"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*lōkiz"
},
{
"word": "*sīką"
},
{
"word": "*straumaz"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"beach, strand"
],
"links": [
[
"beach",
"beach"
],
[
"strand",
"strand"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*strandō"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbɑ.kiz/"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "bakiz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bakiz meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.