See augô in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*augā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *augā\nOld English: ēaġe, ēge — Anglian\nMiddle English: eie, yȝe, ye, yë, yghe, eye, eȝhe, eȝe, eighe, eyghe, eyȝe, iȝe\nEnglish: eye\nSranan Tongo: ai\nGeordie English: ee, eye\nScots: ee\nYola: ieen, eeen, een, eyen, eein, ein (plural)\nOld Frisian: āge, āg\nNorth Frisian:\nMost dialects: uug\nGoesharde: uug, uuch\nHalligen: uuch\nHeligoland: Oog\nSylt: Oog\nSaterland Frisian: Oge\nWest Frisian: each\nOld Saxon: ōga\nMiddle Low German: ôge\nLow German: Oge, Oog\nGerman Low German: Oog\nHamburgisch: Oog\nWestphalian:(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Äuge\nLippisch: Auge, Äoge\nRavensbergisch: äuge (scientific), Auge\nSauerländisch: Äoge, Auge, Eyege, Ouge, Oue\nWestmünsterländisch: Ooge, Oog\nPlautdietsch: Uag\nOld Dutch: ōga\nMiddle Dutch: ôge\nDutch: oog\nLimburgish: oug\nOld High German: ouga\nMiddle High German: ouge\nAlemannic German: Aug\nSwabian: Aug\nBavarian: Aug\nCimbrian:\nMòcheno:\nCentral Franconian: Ooch, Auch, Au\nHunsrik: Au\nKölsch: Ouch\nLuxembourgish: A\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German: Ooche\nVilamovian: aojg\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Auge\nRhine Franconian:\nPalatine German: Aag\nPennsylvania German: Aag\nYiddish: אויג (oyg)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *augā\nOld English: ēaġe, ēge — Anglian\nMiddle English: eie, yȝe, ye, yë, yghe, eye, eȝhe, eȝe, eighe, eyghe, eyȝe, iȝe\nEnglish: eye\nSranan Tongo: ai\nGeordie English: ee, eye\nScots: ee\nYola: ieen, eeen, een, eyen, eein, ein (plural)\nOld Frisian: āge, āg\nNorth Frisian:\nMost dialects: uug\nGoesharde: uug, uuch\nHalligen: uuch\nHeligoland: Oog\nSylt: Oog\nSaterland Frisian: Oge\nWest Frisian: each\nOld Saxon: ōga\nMiddle Low German: ôge\nLow German: Oge, Oog\nGerman Low German: Oog\nHamburgisch: Oog\nWestphalian:(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Äuge\nLippisch: Auge, Äoge\nRavensbergisch: äuge (scientific), Auge\nSauerländisch: Äoge, Auge, Eyege, Ouge, Oue\nWestmünsterländisch: Ooge, Oog\nPlautdietsch: Uag\nOld Dutch: ōga\nMiddle Dutch: ôge\nDutch: oog\nLimburgish: oug\nOld High German: ouga\nMiddle High German: ouge\nAlemannic German: Aug\nSwabian: Aug\nBavarian: Aug\nCimbrian:\nMòcheno:\nCentral Franconian: Ooch, Auch, Au\nHunsrik: Au\nKölsch: Ouch\nLuxembourgish: A\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German: Ooche\nVilamovian: aojg\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Auge\nRhine Franconian:\nPalatine German: Aag\nPennsylvania German: Aag\nYiddish: אויג (oyg)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚨᚢᚷᛟ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᚨᚢᚷᛟ (*augo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᚨᚢᚷᛟ (*augo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚨᚢᚷᛁᛉ",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚨᚢᚷᛁᛉ (augiʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚨᚢᚷᛁᛉ (augiʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auga"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: auga\nIcelandic: auga\nFaroese: eyga\nNorwegian Nynorsk: auga n\nNorwegian: (dialectal) auga, aua, aue f or n, auwe, ouwe, ouga\nJamtish: ouge\nElfdalian: oga\nOld Swedish: ø̄gha\nSwedish: öga\n→ Finnish: ööga\nScanian: yva\nOld Danish: ø̄ghæ\nDanish: øje\nNorwegian Bokmål: øye\nGutnish: auge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: auga\nIcelandic: auga\nFaroese: eyga\nNorwegian Nynorsk: auga n\nNorwegian: (dialectal) auga, aua, aue f or n, auwe, ouwe, ouga\nJamtish: ouge\nElfdalian: oga\nOld Swedish: ø̄gha\nSwedish: öga\n→ Finnish: ööga\nScanian: yva\nOld Danish: ø̄ghæ\nDanish: øje\nNorwegian Bokmål: øye\nGutnish: auge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gme-cgo",
"2": "oeghene",
"pos": "plural"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Gothic: oeghene (plural)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Gothic: oeghene (plural)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*aukko",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *aukko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *aukko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "aukko"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: aukko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: aukko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "auk"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: auk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: auk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "aukko"
},
"expansion": "Votic: aukko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: aukko"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃ekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃ekʷ-",
"4": "",
"5": "eye; to see"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ô",
"id1": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "*-ô",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eye"
},
"expansion": "“eye”",
"name": "m-g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "that which sees"
},
"expansion": "“that which sees”",
"name": "m-g"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an n-suffixed form of Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”), with analogical introduction of the diphthong -au- from *auzô (“ear”), or alternatively metathesized from earlier *agwô (→ *awgô). The voicing due to Verner's law points to an originally accented suffix, which may have been introduced from the oblique forms of a pre-Proto-Germanic paradigm *ahwô ~ *agwnes (→ *augnes, whence back-formed *augô), which must have been formed at a late stage as it evaded Kluge's law; or it may be analogical with agent nouns in *-ô (like *slagô, *tugô; “eye” would have been “that which sees”), the paradigm of which in any case *augô may have been partly leveled to.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "augô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "augōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "augô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "augōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "augô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "augōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "auginiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "auganǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "augini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "augammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "auginē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "augammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augô",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ô (agent noun)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "augnijaną"
}
],
"glosses": [
"eye"
],
"id": "en-augô-gem-pro-noun-R8IVtfcO",
"links": [
[
"eye",
"eye"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "augijaną"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑu̯.ɣɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "augô"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "augnijaną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*augā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *augā\nOld English: ēaġe, ēge — Anglian\nMiddle English: eie, yȝe, ye, yë, yghe, eye, eȝhe, eȝe, eighe, eyghe, eyȝe, iȝe\nEnglish: eye\nSranan Tongo: ai\nGeordie English: ee, eye\nScots: ee\nYola: ieen, eeen, een, eyen, eein, ein (plural)\nOld Frisian: āge, āg\nNorth Frisian:\nMost dialects: uug\nGoesharde: uug, uuch\nHalligen: uuch\nHeligoland: Oog\nSylt: Oog\nSaterland Frisian: Oge\nWest Frisian: each\nOld Saxon: ōga\nMiddle Low German: ôge\nLow German: Oge, Oog\nGerman Low German: Oog\nHamburgisch: Oog\nWestphalian:(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Äuge\nLippisch: Auge, Äoge\nRavensbergisch: äuge (scientific), Auge\nSauerländisch: Äoge, Auge, Eyege, Ouge, Oue\nWestmünsterländisch: Ooge, Oog\nPlautdietsch: Uag\nOld Dutch: ōga\nMiddle Dutch: ôge\nDutch: oog\nLimburgish: oug\nOld High German: ouga\nMiddle High German: ouge\nAlemannic German: Aug\nSwabian: Aug\nBavarian: Aug\nCimbrian:\nMòcheno:\nCentral Franconian: Ooch, Auch, Au\nHunsrik: Au\nKölsch: Ouch\nLuxembourgish: A\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German: Ooche\nVilamovian: aojg\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Auge\nRhine Franconian:\nPalatine German: Aag\nPennsylvania German: Aag\nYiddish: אויג (oyg)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *augā\nOld English: ēaġe, ēge — Anglian\nMiddle English: eie, yȝe, ye, yë, yghe, eye, eȝhe, eȝe, eighe, eyghe, eyȝe, iȝe\nEnglish: eye\nSranan Tongo: ai\nGeordie English: ee, eye\nScots: ee\nYola: ieen, eeen, een, eyen, eein, ein (plural)\nOld Frisian: āge, āg\nNorth Frisian:\nMost dialects: uug\nGoesharde: uug, uuch\nHalligen: uuch\nHeligoland: Oog\nSylt: Oog\nSaterland Frisian: Oge\nWest Frisian: each\nOld Saxon: ōga\nMiddle Low German: ôge\nLow German: Oge, Oog\nGerman Low German: Oog\nHamburgisch: Oog\nWestphalian:(Can we clean up⁽⁺⁾ this sense?) Ravensbergisch-Lippisch: Äuge\nLippisch: Auge, Äoge\nRavensbergisch: äuge (scientific), Auge\nSauerländisch: Äoge, Auge, Eyege, Ouge, Oue\nWestmünsterländisch: Ooge, Oog\nPlautdietsch: Uag\nOld Dutch: ōga\nMiddle Dutch: ôge\nDutch: oog\nLimburgish: oug\nOld High German: ouga\nMiddle High German: ouge\nAlemannic German: Aug\nSwabian: Aug\nBavarian: Aug\nCimbrian:\nMòcheno:\nCentral Franconian: Ooch, Auch, Au\nHunsrik: Au\nKölsch: Ouch\nLuxembourgish: A\nEast Central German:\nUpper Saxon German: Ooche\nVilamovian: aojg\nEast Franconian:\nGerman: Auge\nRhine Franconian:\nPalatine German: Aag\nPennsylvania German: Aag\nYiddish: אויג (oyg)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚨᚢᚷᛟ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᚨᚢᚷᛟ (*augo)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᚨᚢᚷᛟ (*augo)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚨᚢᚷᛁᛉ",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚨᚢᚷᛁᛉ (augiʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Proto-Norse: ᚨᚢᚷᛁᛉ (augiʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "auga"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: auga\nIcelandic: auga\nFaroese: eyga\nNorwegian Nynorsk: auga n\nNorwegian: (dialectal) auga, aua, aue f or n, auwe, ouwe, ouga\nJamtish: ouge\nElfdalian: oga\nOld Swedish: ø̄gha\nSwedish: öga\n→ Finnish: ööga\nScanian: yva\nOld Danish: ø̄ghæ\nDanish: øje\nNorwegian Bokmål: øye\nGutnish: auge",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: auga\nIcelandic: auga\nFaroese: eyga\nNorwegian Nynorsk: auga n\nNorwegian: (dialectal) auga, aua, aue f or n, auwe, ouwe, ouga\nJamtish: ouge\nElfdalian: oga\nOld Swedish: ø̄gha\nSwedish: öga\n→ Finnish: ööga\nScanian: yva\nOld Danish: ø̄ghæ\nDanish: øje\nNorwegian Bokmål: øye\nGutnish: auge"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌰𐌿𐌲𐍉 (augō)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gme-cgo",
"2": "oeghene",
"pos": "plural"
},
"expansion": "Crimean Gothic: oeghene (plural)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Crimean Gothic: oeghene (plural)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*aukko",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Finnic: *aukko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Finnic: *aukko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "aukko"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: aukko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: aukko"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "auk"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: auk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: auk"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "aukko"
},
"expansion": "Votic: aukko",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: aukko"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃ekʷ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₃ekʷ-",
"4": "",
"5": "eye; to see"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ô",
"id1": "agent noun"
},
"expansion": "*-ô",
"name": "af"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "eye"
},
"expansion": "“eye”",
"name": "m-g"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "that which sees"
},
"expansion": "“that which sees”",
"name": "m-g"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From an n-suffixed form of Proto-Indo-European *h₃ekʷ- (“eye; to see”), with analogical introduction of the diphthong -au- from *auzô (“ear”), or alternatively metathesized from earlier *agwô (→ *awgô). The voicing due to Verner's law points to an originally accented suffix, which may have been introduced from the oblique forms of a pre-Proto-Germanic paradigm *ahwô ~ *agwnes (→ *augnes, whence back-formed *augô), which must have been formed at a late stage as it evaded Kluge's law; or it may be analogical with agent nouns in *-ô (like *slagô, *tugô; “eye” would have been “that which sees”), the paradigm of which in any case *augô may have been partly leveled to.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "an-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "augô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "augōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "augô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "augōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "augô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "augōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "auginiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "auganǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "augini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "augammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "auginē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "augammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "n"
},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/augô",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "augijaną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic an-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₃ekʷ-",
"Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-ô (agent noun)",
"gem-pro:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"eye"
],
"links": [
[
"eye",
"eye"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑu̯.ɣɔːː/"
}
],
"word": "augô"
}
Download raw JSONL data for augô meaning in Proto-Germanic (8.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-05 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (8c1bb29 and fb63907). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.