See ardiz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for ardiz meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.9kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "eard"
},
"expansion": "Old English: eard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: eard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "erd",
"3": "ard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: erd, ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: erd, ard; art (“locality, district”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "airt"
},
"expansion": "Scots: airt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: airt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*ard",
"3": "*erd"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *ard, *erd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *ard, *erd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Oard"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Oard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Oard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "aard"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: aard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: aard"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*ard"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *ard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "art",
"3": "ārt"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: art, ārt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: art, ārt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Aard"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Aard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Aard"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*ard"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *ard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "aert"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: aert",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: aert"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "aard"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: aard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: aard"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "art"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: art"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "art"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: art"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Årt"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Årt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Årt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Aad",
"3": "Aat",
"4": "Aart"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Aad, Aat, Aart",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Aad, Aat, Aart"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ksh",
"2": "Aat"
},
"expansion": "Kölsch: Aat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kölsch: Aat"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Art"
},
"expansion": "German: Art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Art"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "art",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: art"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "art",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: art"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "art",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: art"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Aart"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Aart",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Aart"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "arðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: arðr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: arðr (in einarðr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "arður"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: arður",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: arður"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂er-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erh₃-",
"t": "to plough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "area"
},
"expansion": "Latin area",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂értis",
"4": "*h₂ér-ti-s ~ *h₂r̥-tey-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ér-ti-s ~ *h₂r̥-tey-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ars"
},
"expansion": "Latin ars",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps from a specialised use of *ardiz, a by-form of *arþiz (“plough; acre; farmland”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) (whence also *arjaną and *arþrą; compare Latin area); or from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ér-ti-s ~ *h₂r̥-tey-s, from *h₂er- (“to join; fit together”) (see *armaz and Latin ars).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ardiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ardi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ardīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ardį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardinz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ardīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ardī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ardī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ardiz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "72 23 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"characteristic; inborn quality"
],
"id": "en-ardiz-gem-pro-noun-AGc6bZdK",
"links": [
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic"
],
[
"inborn",
"inborn"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nature; character"
],
"id": "en-ardiz-gem-pro-noun-qW2oy6M7",
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"character",
"character"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"type; kind; manner; sort"
],
"id": "en-ardiz-gem-pro-noun-8uj~dASA",
"links": [
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑr.ðiz/"
}
],
"word": "ardiz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic i-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns with multiple genders",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂er-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "eard"
},
"expansion": "Old English: eard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old English: eard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "erd",
"3": "ard"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: erd, ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: erd, ard; art (“locality, district”)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "airt"
},
"expansion": "Scots: airt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: airt"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*ard",
"3": "*erd"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *ard, *erd",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *ard, *erd"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Oard"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Oard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Oard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "aard"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: aard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: aard"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "*ard"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: *ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: *ard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "art",
"3": "ārt"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: art, ārt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: art, ārt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Aard"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Aard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Aard"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*ard"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *ard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *ard"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "aert"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: aert",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: aert"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "aard"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: aard",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: aard"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "art"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: art"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "art"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: art"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bar",
"2": "Årt"
},
"expansion": "Bavarian: Årt",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Bavarian: Årt"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-cfr",
"2": "Aad",
"3": "Aat",
"4": "Aart"
},
"expansion": "Central Franconian: Aad, Aat, Aart",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Central Franconian: Aad, Aat, Aart"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ksh",
"2": "Aat"
},
"expansion": "Kölsch: Aat",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kölsch: Aat"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Art"
},
"expansion": "German: Art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German: Art"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "art",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Danish: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Danish: art"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "art",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Swedish: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Swedish: art"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "no",
"2": "art",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Norwegian: art",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Norwegian: art"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lb",
"2": "Aart"
},
"expansion": "Luxembourgish: Aart",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Luxembourgish: Aart"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "arðr"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: arðr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: arðr (in einarðr)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "arður"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: arður",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: arður"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂er-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂erh₃-",
"t": "to plough"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "area"
},
"expansion": "Latin area",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂értis",
"4": "*h₂ér-ti-s ~ *h₂r̥-tey-s"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₂ér-ti-s ~ *h₂r̥-tey-s",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ars"
},
"expansion": "Latin ars",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Perhaps from a specialised use of *ardiz, a by-form of *arþiz (“plough; acre; farmland”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂erh₃- (“to plough”) (whence also *arjaną and *arþrą; compare Latin area); or from Proto-Indo-European *h₂ér-ti-s ~ *h₂r̥-tey-s, from *h₂er- (“to join; fit together”) (see *armaz and Latin ars).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "i-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ardiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ardi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ardīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ardį",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardinz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ardīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardijǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ardī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ardī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ardimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/ardiz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"characteristic; inborn quality"
],
"links": [
[
"characteristic",
"characteristic"
],
[
"inborn",
"inborn"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"nature; character"
],
"links": [
[
"nature",
"nature"
],
[
"character",
"character"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"type; kind; manner; sort"
],
"links": [
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"kind",
"kind"
],
[
"manner",
"manner"
],
[
"sort",
"sort"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɑr.ðiz/"
}
],
"word": "ardiz"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-31 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (91e95e7 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.