See þeubaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*þeub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *þeub\nOld English: þēof\nMiddle English: thef, theef, theff, thyef, þef, þeef, þief, þyef, þeof, thefe\nEnglish: thief\nScots: thef, theif, thief\nOld Frisian: thiāf, tiēf\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: tiif\nSaterland Frisian: Tjoof\nWest Frisian: tsjeaf\nOld Saxon: thiof\nMiddle Low German: dêf, dief\nGerman Low German: Deef, Deev, Deew, Deiw\nPlautdietsch: Deef, Deiw\n→ Saterland Frisian: Däif\nOld Dutch: *thiof\nMiddle Dutch: dief\nDutch: dief\nAfrikaans: dief\nLimburgish: deef\nOld High German: diob\nMiddle High German: diup, diep\nCimbrian: diip\nGerman: Dieb\nLuxembourgish: Déif\nPennsylvania German: Dieb\nVilamovian: dīb",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *þeub\nOld English: þēof\nMiddle English: thef, theef, theff, thyef, þef, þeef, þief, þyef, þeof, thefe\nEnglish: thief\nScots: thef, theif, thief\nOld Frisian: thiāf, tiēf\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: tiif\nSaterland Frisian: Tjoof\nWest Frisian: tsjeaf\nOld Saxon: thiof\nMiddle Low German: dêf, dief\nGerman Low German: Deef, Deev, Deew, Deiw\nPlautdietsch: Deef, Deiw\n→ Saterland Frisian: Däif\nOld Dutch: *thiof\nMiddle Dutch: dief\nDutch: dief\nAfrikaans: dief\nLimburgish: deef\nOld High German: diob\nMiddle High German: diup, diep\nCimbrian: diip\nGerman: Dieb\nLuxembourgish: Déif\nPennsylvania German: Dieb\nVilamovian: dīb"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ (*þeubaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ",
"noparent": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old West Norse: þjófr\nIcelandic: þjófur\nFaroese: tjóvur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tjov, tjuv; (dialectal) tjóv’e, tju, tjyv\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tjuv\nOld East Norse: *þiūβʀ\nElfdalian: tjuov\nOld Swedish: þiūver, þiuuær, þiuvær\nSwedish: tjuv, (archaic or obsolete) tjuf, tiuf\nOld Danish: thiūf, (Scanian) þiufær\nScanian: tjúv\nDanish: tyv\nNorwegian Bokmål: tyv\nOld Gutnish: þiaufr\nGutnish: töiv",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ (*þeubaʀ) (in ᛗᚨᚱᛁᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ (mariþeubaʀ))\nOld West Norse: þjófr\nIcelandic: þjófur\nFaroese: tjóvur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tjov, tjuv; (dialectal) tjóv’e, tju, tjyv\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tjuv\nOld East Norse: *þiūβʀ\nElfdalian: tjuov\nOld Swedish: þiūver, þiuuær, þiuvær\nSwedish: tjuv, (archaic or obsolete) tjuf, tiuf\nOld Danish: thiūf, (Scanian) þiufær\nScanian: tjúv\nDanish: tyv\nNorwegian Bokmål: tyv\nOld Gutnish: þiaufr\nGutnish: töiv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 (þiufs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 (þiufs)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tupėti",
"3": "",
"4": "to crouch, cower, squat"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tupėti (“to crouch, cower, squat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tewp-",
"t": "to get down, conceal oneself"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tewp- (“to get down, conceal oneself”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Proto-Germanic *tewpós, further origin is unknown. Probably related to Lithuanian tupėti (“to crouch, cower, squat”) (from Proto-Indo-European *tewp- (“to get down, conceal oneself”)). Alternatively, borrowed from a non-Indo-European substrate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þiubis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeubaz",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "þiubiją"
},
{
"word": "þiubijaną"
},
{
"word": "þiubijō"
},
{
"word": "þiubiþō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"thief"
],
"id": "en-þeubaz-gem-pro-noun-jdKa3ZmS",
"links": [
[
"thief",
"thief"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "þubōną"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθeu̯.βɑz/"
}
],
"word": "þeubaz"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "þiubiją"
},
{
"word": "þiubijaną"
},
{
"word": "þiubijō"
},
{
"word": "þiubiþō"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*þeub"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *þeub\nOld English: þēof\nMiddle English: thef, theef, theff, thyef, þef, þeef, þief, þyef, þeof, thefe\nEnglish: thief\nScots: thef, theif, thief\nOld Frisian: thiāf, tiēf\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: tiif\nSaterland Frisian: Tjoof\nWest Frisian: tsjeaf\nOld Saxon: thiof\nMiddle Low German: dêf, dief\nGerman Low German: Deef, Deev, Deew, Deiw\nPlautdietsch: Deef, Deiw\n→ Saterland Frisian: Däif\nOld Dutch: *thiof\nMiddle Dutch: dief\nDutch: dief\nAfrikaans: dief\nLimburgish: deef\nOld High German: diob\nMiddle High German: diup, diep\nCimbrian: diip\nGerman: Dieb\nLuxembourgish: Déif\nPennsylvania German: Dieb\nVilamovian: dīb",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *þeub\nOld English: þēof\nMiddle English: thef, theef, theff, thyef, þef, þeef, þief, þyef, þeof, thefe\nEnglish: thief\nScots: thef, theif, thief\nOld Frisian: thiāf, tiēf\nNorth Frisian:\nFöhr-Amrum: tiif\nSaterland Frisian: Tjoof\nWest Frisian: tsjeaf\nOld Saxon: thiof\nMiddle Low German: dêf, dief\nGerman Low German: Deef, Deev, Deew, Deiw\nPlautdietsch: Deef, Deiw\n→ Saterland Frisian: Däif\nOld Dutch: *thiof\nMiddle Dutch: dief\nDutch: dief\nAfrikaans: dief\nLimburgish: deef\nOld High German: diob\nMiddle High German: diup, diep\nCimbrian: diip\nGerman: Dieb\nLuxembourgish: Déif\nPennsylvania German: Dieb\nVilamovian: dīb"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ (*þeubaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ",
"noparent": "1"
},
"expansion": "Old West Norse: þjófr\nIcelandic: þjófur\nFaroese: tjóvur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tjov, tjuv; (dialectal) tjóv’e, tju, tjyv\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tjuv\nOld East Norse: *þiūβʀ\nElfdalian: tjuov\nOld Swedish: þiūver, þiuuær, þiuvær\nSwedish: tjuv, (archaic or obsolete) tjuf, tiuf\nOld Danish: thiūf, (Scanian) þiufær\nScanian: tjúv\nDanish: tyv\nNorwegian Bokmål: tyv\nOld Gutnish: þiaufr\nGutnish: töiv",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ (*þeubaʀ) (in ᛗᚨᚱᛁᚦᛖᚢᛒᚨᛉ (mariþeubaʀ))\nOld West Norse: þjófr\nIcelandic: þjófur\nFaroese: tjóvur\nNorwegian Nynorsk: tjov, tjuv; (dialectal) tjóv’e, tju, tjyv\n→ Norwegian Bokmål: tjuv\nOld East Norse: *þiūβʀ\nElfdalian: tjuov\nOld Swedish: þiūver, þiuuær, þiuvær\nSwedish: tjuv, (archaic or obsolete) tjuf, tiuf\nOld Danish: thiūf, (Scanian) þiufær\nScanian: tjúv\nDanish: tyv\nNorwegian Bokmål: tyv\nOld Gutnish: þiaufr\nGutnish: töiv"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 (þiufs)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌸𐌹𐌿𐍆𐍃 (þiufs)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "tupėti",
"3": "",
"4": "to crouch, cower, squat"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian tupėti (“to crouch, cower, squat”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*tewp-",
"t": "to get down, conceal oneself"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tewp- (“to get down, conceal oneself”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Pre-Proto-Germanic *tewpós, further origin is unknown. Probably related to Lithuanian tupėti (“to crouch, cower, squat”) (from Proto-Indo-European *tewp- (“to get down, conceal oneself”)). Alternatively, borrowed from a non-Indo-European substrate.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeub",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubanz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þiubis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "þeubamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/þeubaz",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "þubōną"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from substrate languages",
"gem-pro:Crime",
"gem-pro:Occupations"
],
"glosses": [
"thief"
],
"links": [
[
"thief",
"thief"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Nicoline van der Sijs"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈθeu̯.βɑz/"
}
],
"word": "þeubaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for þeubaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.