See surma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for surma meaning in Proto-Finnic (6.0kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "surm"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: surm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "surm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Livonian: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Livonian: surm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "surma"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: surma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: surma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "surma"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: surma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: surma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: šurma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: šurma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "surmu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: surmu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: surmu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "surm"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: surm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "surm"
},
"expansion": "Veps: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: surm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "surm"
},
"expansion": "Võro: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: surm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "surmõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: surmõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: surmõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*sormē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *sormē",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *sormē (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*śurma",
"4": "",
"5": "death"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *śurma (“death”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kca-eas",
"tr": "sŏrəm"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Khanty [script needed] (sŏrəm)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*surdak",
"3": "*ma",
"id2": "action"
},
"expansion": "*surdak + *-ma",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *śurma (“death”) (whence also Eastern Khanty [script needed] (sŏrəm)), equivalent to *surdak + *-ma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "surma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "surman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "surma"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/surma",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-ma (action)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"death"
],
"id": "en-surma-urj-fin-pro-noun-UsjgKYfM",
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*koolëma"
},
{
"word": "*tooni"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "surma"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "surm"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: surm"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "surm",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Livonian: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Livonian: surm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "surma"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: surma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: surma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "surma"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: surma",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: surma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: šurma"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: šurma"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "surmu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: surmu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: surmu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "surm"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: surm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "surm"
},
"expansion": "Veps: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: surm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "surm"
},
"expansion": "Võro: surm",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: surm"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "surmõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: surmõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: surmõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*sormē",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *sormē",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *sormē (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*śurma",
"4": "",
"5": "death"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *śurma (“death”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kca-eas",
"tr": "sŏrəm"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Khanty [script needed] (sŏrəm)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*surdak",
"3": "*ma",
"id2": "action"
},
"expansion": "*surdak + *-ma",
"name": "suffix"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *śurma (“death”) (whence also Eastern Khanty [script needed] (sŏrəm)), equivalent to *surdak + *-ma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "surma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "surman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "surmatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "surmëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "surma"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/surma",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-ma (action)",
"Requests for native script for Eastern Khanty terms",
"urj-fin-pro:Death"
],
"glosses": [
"death"
],
"links": [
[
"death",
"death"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "*koolëma"
},
{
"word": "*tooni"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "surma"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
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