See rauta in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rauta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: rauta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "rauta"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: rauta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: rauda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "rōda"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: rōda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: rōda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "raudu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: raudu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: raudu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Veps: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Võro: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "rautõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: rautõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: rautõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*ruovtē",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Samic: *ruovtē",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Samic: *ruovtē"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raudô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raudô",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rauði",
"3": "",
"4": "iron ore"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ruda",
"3": "",
"4": "ore"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rewdʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "red"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *raudô (compare Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)), or from Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?] (corresponding to late Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”)); in either case ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) (the Proto-Germanic word through *raudaz), in reference to the reddish color of iron ores.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rauta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*rauta",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rauta"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauta",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "vaski"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rautainën"
}
],
"glosses": [
"iron"
],
"id": "en-rauta-urj-fin-pro-noun-BOnA24fn",
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rauta"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "vaski"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rautainën"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rauta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: rauta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "rauta"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: rauta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: rauda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "rōda"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: rōda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: rōda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "raudu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: raudu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: raudu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Veps: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Võro: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "rautõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: rautõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: rautõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*ruovtē",
"bor": "1",
"unc": "1"
},
"expansion": "→? Proto-Samic: *ruovtē",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→? Proto-Samic: *ruovtē"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*raudô"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raudô",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rauði",
"3": "",
"4": "iron ore"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl-pro",
"3": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?]",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ruda",
"3": "",
"4": "ore"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rewdʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "red"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed either from Proto-Germanic *raudô (compare Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)), or from Proto-Balto-Slavic [Term?] (corresponding to late Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”)); in either case ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”) (the Proto-Germanic word through *raudaz), in reference to the reddish color of iron ores.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rauta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*rauta",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rauta"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauta",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic term requests",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"urj-fin-pro:Chemical elements",
"urj-fin-pro:Metals"
],
"glosses": [
"iron"
],
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rauta"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rauta meaning in Proto-Finnic (6.6kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-16 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.