See rauta in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rauta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: rauta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "rauta"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: rauta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "rauta",
"3": "rauda"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: rauta, rauda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: rauta, rauda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "rōda"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: rōda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: rōda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "raudu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: raudu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: raudu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Veps: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Võro: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "rautõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: rautõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: rautõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "? → Proto-Samic: *ruovtē"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rewdʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "red"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*raudan-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raudan-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rauði",
"3": "",
"4": "iron ore"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl"
},
"expansion": "Balto-Slavic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ruda",
"3": "",
"4": "ore"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”), but the immediate source is uncertain. The word has been traditionally considered to reflect Proto-Germanic *raudan- (compare Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)), a derivative of *raudaz (“red”), but origin from Balto-Slavic is also possible (Kallio 2006), perhaps from a form *raudā- corresponding to late Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rauta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*rauta",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rauta"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauta",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "vaski"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rautainën"
}
],
"glosses": [
"iron"
],
"id": "en-rauta-urj-fin-pro-noun-BOnA24fn",
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rauta"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"word": "vaski"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rautainën"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rauta"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: rauta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "rauta"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: rauta",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: rauta"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "rauta",
"3": "rauda"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: rauta, rauda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: rauta, rauda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "rōda"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: rōda",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: rōda"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "raudu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: raudu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: raudu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Veps: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "raud"
},
"expansion": "Võro: raud",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: raud"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "rautõ"
},
"expansion": "Votic: rautõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: rautõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "? → Proto-Samic: *ruovtē"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₁rewdʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "red"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*raudan-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *raudan-",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "rauði",
"3": "",
"4": "iron ore"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "ine-bsl"
},
"expansion": "Balto-Slavic",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*ruda",
"3": "",
"4": "ore"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *h₁rewdʰ- (“red”), but the immediate source is uncertain. The word has been traditionally considered to reflect Proto-Germanic *raudan- (compare Old Norse rauði (“iron ore”)), a derivative of *raudaz (“red”), but origin from Balto-Slavic is also possible (Kallio 2006), perhaps from a form *raudā- corresponding to late Proto-Slavic *ruda (“ore”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rauta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "raudan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rautanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rautëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "raudatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "raudëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "*rauta",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rauta"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauta",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Balto-Slavic languages",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Balto-Slavic languages",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"urj-fin-pro:Chemical elements",
"urj-fin-pro:Metals"
],
"glosses": [
"iron"
],
"links": [
[
"iron",
"iron"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rauta"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rauta meaning in Proto-Finnic (6.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.