See rauha in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "rahu"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: rahu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: rahu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rauha"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: rauha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fkv",
"2": "rauha"
},
"expansion": "Kven: rauha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kven: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "rauha"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: rauha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "rauhõ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Votic: rauhõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Votic: rauhõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "rauhu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: rauhu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: rauhu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "rahu",
"3": "rauh",
"q2": "Seto"
},
"expansion": "Võro: rahu, (Seto) rauh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: rahu, (Seto) rauh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "raeffie",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Southern Sami: raeffie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Southern Sami: raeffie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sju",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "raahfee"
},
"expansion": "→ Ume Sami: [Term?] (raahfee)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ume Sami: [Term?] (raahfee)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sje",
"2": "ráffe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Pite Sami: ráffe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Pite Sami: ráffe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "ráfe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lule Sami: ráfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lule Sami: ráfe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ráfi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Sami: ráfi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Sami: ráfi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sms",
"2": "rääuh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Skolt Sami: rääuh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Skolt Sami: rääuh"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "peace"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"title": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ruhe"
},
"expansion": "German Ruhe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ro"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*rōō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rōō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rāwō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rāwō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"tr": "*rāwu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse [script needed] (*rāwu)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rāwe",
"3": "",
"4": "peace, tranquility"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rāwe (“peace, tranquility”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "rāwa"
},
"expansion": "Old High German rāwa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. Similarity to Germanic words has been noted (compare German Ruhe, Swedish ro, Proto-Germanic *rōō, all of the same meaning) and Schalin (2019) proposes borrowing from Northwest Proto-Germanic *rāwō or Proto-Norse [script needed] (*rāwu) (whence Middle Low German rāwe (“peace, tranquility”), Old High German rāwa) with a substitution Germanic *VwV → Finnic *VuhV (with a similar substitution probably also in *lauha).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rauha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rauha"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 15 1 4 4 1 38 1 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "81 3 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 2 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 3 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rauhat'oin"
}
],
"glosses": [
"peace, tranquility"
],
"id": "en-rauha-urj-fin-pro-noun-dNsHP4of",
"links": [
[
"peace",
"peace"
],
[
"tranquility",
"tranquility"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rauha"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "rahu"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: rahu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: rahu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rauha",
"3": "rauhanen",
"der2": "1",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) rauha, ⇒ rauhanen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal) rauha, ⇒ rauhanen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "rauha"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: rauha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: rauhna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "ro’ugõz",
"der1": "1"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: ⇒ ro’ugõz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: ⇒ ro’ugõz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "rauhnu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: rauhnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: rauhnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "raunaz"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: raunaz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: raunaz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "rauh"
},
"expansion": "Veps: rauh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: rauh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "rauh"
},
"expansion": "Võro: rauh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: rauh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "ravvu"
},
"expansion": "Votic: ravvu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: ravvu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*rāvsā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *rāvsā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *rāvsā (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gland"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrausā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrausā",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hrœrar"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hrœrar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*ruovsē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *ruovsē",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *rawša, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hrausā, *hrauzā (whence Old Norse hrœrar). Cognate with Proto-Samic *ruovsē.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rauha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rauha"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"gland"
],
"id": "en-rauha-urj-fin-pro-noun-YqpYRq5I",
"links": [
[
"gland",
"gland"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"swelling"
],
"id": "en-rauha-urj-fin-pro-noun-pAwujVTm",
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rauha"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Norse",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Norse",
"Proto-Finnic terms with unknown etymologies",
"Requests for native script for Proto-Norse terms"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rauhat'oin"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "rahu"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: rahu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: rahu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rauha"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: rauha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fkv",
"2": "rauha"
},
"expansion": "Kven: rauha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Kven: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "rauha"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: rauha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "rauhõ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Votic: rauhõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Votic: rauhõ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "rauhu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: rauhu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: rauhu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "rahu",
"3": "rauh",
"q2": "Seto"
},
"expansion": "Võro: rahu, (Seto) rauh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: rahu, (Seto) rauh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sma",
"2": "raeffie",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Southern Sami: raeffie",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Southern Sami: raeffie"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sju",
"bor": "1",
"tr": "raahfee"
},
"expansion": "→ Ume Sami: [Term?] (raahfee)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ume Sami: [Term?] (raahfee)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sje",
"2": "ráffe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Pite Sami: ráffe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Pite Sami: ráffe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smj",
"2": "ráfe",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Lule Sami: ráfe",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Lule Sami: ráfe"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "ráfi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Northern Sami: ráfi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Northern Sami: ráfi"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sms",
"2": "rääuh",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Skolt Sami: rääuh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Skolt Sami: rääuh"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "peace"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"title": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Ruhe"
},
"expansion": "German Ruhe",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "ro"
},
"expansion": "Swedish ro",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*rōō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rōō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*rāwō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *rāwō",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gmq-pro",
"tr": "*rāwu"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse [script needed] (*rāwu)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "rāwe",
"3": "",
"4": "peace, tranquility"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German rāwe (“peace, tranquility”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "rāwa"
},
"expansion": "Old High German rāwa",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. Similarity to Germanic words has been noted (compare German Ruhe, Swedish ro, Proto-Germanic *rōō, all of the same meaning) and Schalin (2019) proposes borrowing from Northwest Proto-Germanic *rāwō or Proto-Norse [script needed] (*rāwu) (whence Middle Low German rāwe (“peace, tranquility”), Old High German rāwa) with a substitution Germanic *VwV → Finnic *VuhV (with a similar substitution probably also in *lauha).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rauha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rauha"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"peace, tranquility"
],
"links": [
[
"peace",
"peace"
],
[
"tranquility",
"tranquility"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rauha"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Germanic",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Germanic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "rahu"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: rahu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: rahu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "rauha",
"3": "rauhanen",
"der2": "1",
"q": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) rauha, ⇒ rauhanen",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: (dialectal) rauha, ⇒ rauhanen"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "rauha"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: rauha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: rauha"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: rauhna"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "ro’ugõz",
"der1": "1"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: ⇒ ro’ugõz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: ⇒ ro’ugõz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "rauhnu"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: rauhnu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: rauhnu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "raunaz"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: raunaz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: raunaz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "rauh"
},
"expansion": "Veps: rauh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: rauh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "rauh"
},
"expansion": "Võro: rauh",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: rauh"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "ravvu"
},
"expansion": "Votic: ravvu",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: ravvu"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*rāvsā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *rāvsā",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic: *rāvsā (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gland"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "gem-pro",
"3": "*hrausā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *hrausā",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hrœrar"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse hrœrar",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "*ruovsē"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samic *ruovsē",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier *rawša, possibly borrowed from Proto-Germanic *hrausā, *hrauzā (whence Old Norse hrœrar). Cognate with Proto-Samic *ruovsē.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rauha",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhan",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rauhëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rauha"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rauha",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"urj-fin-pro:Body"
],
"glosses": [
"gland"
],
"links": [
[
"gland",
"gland"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"swelling"
],
"links": [
[
"swelling",
"swelling"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "rauha"
}
Download raw JSONL data for rauha meaning in Proto-Finnic (13.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.