"rakja" meaning in Proto-Finnic

See rakja in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Akin to Proto-Samic *ruovjē (“limb”), possibly an old borrowing from a Germanic source akin to *rakjaną (“to straighten”), presuming a sense development "that which is straightened" > "limb". Liukkonen (1999) proposes borrowing from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rankjā-, a variant of *ránkāˀ (“hand”) (whence e.g. Lithuanian ranka). Etymology templates: {{cog|smi-pro|*ruovjē||limb}} Proto-Samic *ruovjē (“limb”), {{bor|urj-fin-pro|gem}} Germanic, {{bor|urj-fin-pro|ine-bsl-pro|*rankjā-}} Proto-Balto-Slavic *rankjā-, {{cog|lt|ranka}} Lithuanian ranka Head templates: {{head|urj-fin-pro|noun}} *rakja Inflection templates: {{urj-fin-decl|rakja}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], rakja [nominative, singular], rakjat [nominative, plural], rakjan [accusative, singular], rakjat [accusative, plural], rakjan [genitive, singular], rakjadën [genitive, plural], rakjoidën [genitive, plural], rakjada [partitive, singular], rakjoida [partitive, plural], rakjassa [inessive, singular], rakjahna [inessive, singular], rakjoissa [inessive, plural], rakjoihna [inessive, plural], rakjasta [elative, singular], rakjoista [elative, plural], rakjahën [illative, singular], rakjoihën [illative, plural], rakjalla [adessive, singular], rakjoilla [adessive, plural], rakjalta [ablative, singular], rakjoilta [ablative, plural], rakjalën [allative, singular], rakjalëk [allative, singular], rakjoilën [allative, plural], rakjoilëk [allative, plural], rakjana [essive, singular], rakjoina [essive, plural], rakjaksi [singular, translative], rakjoiksi [plural, translative], rakjan [instructive, singular], rakjoin [instructive, plural], rakjanëk [comitative, singular], rakjoinëk [comitative, plural], rakjatta [abessive, singular], rakjoitta [abessive, plural]
  1. limb Tags: reconstruction Hyponyms: jalka (english: foot, leg), käci (english: hand, arm) Derived forms: rakjoidak (english: to cut up a slaughtered animal; to beat)
    Sense id: en-rakja-urj-fin-pro-noun-gbFYzrgt Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "raaja",
            "3": "ravio"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: raaja, ravio",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: raaja, ravio"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "roakie"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: roakie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: roakie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "raigā"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: raigā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: raigā"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "ragj"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: ragj",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: ragj"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "rag'a",
            "3": "ragja"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: rag'a, ragja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: rag'a, ragja"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "smi-pro",
        "2": "*ruovjē",
        "3": "",
        "4": "limb"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Samic *ruovjē (“limb”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "gem"
      },
      "expansion": "Germanic",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*rankjā-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *rankjā-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ranka"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ranka",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Akin to Proto-Samic *ruovjē (“limb”), possibly an old borrowing from a Germanic source akin to *rakjaną (“to straighten”), presuming a sense development \"that which is straightened\" > \"limb\".\nLiukkonen (1999) proposes borrowing from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rankjā-, a variant of *ránkāˀ (“hand”) (whence e.g. Lithuanian ranka).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjadën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoidën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjada",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoida",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjassa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjahna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoissa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoihna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjasta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoista",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjahën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoihën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjalla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoilla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoilta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjalën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjalëk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoilën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoilëk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoina",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjaksi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoiksi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjanëk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoinëk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjatta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoitta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*rakja",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rakja"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rakja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "english": "to cut up a slaughtered animal; to beat",
          "word": "rakjoidak"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "limb"
      ],
      "hyponyms": [
        {
          "english": "foot, leg",
          "word": "jalka"
        },
        {
          "english": "hand, arm",
          "word": "käci"
        }
      ],
      "id": "en-rakja-urj-fin-pro-noun-gbFYzrgt",
      "links": [
        [
          "limb",
          "limb"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "rakja"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "to cut up a slaughtered animal; to beat",
      "word": "rakjoidak"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "raaja",
            "3": "ravio"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: raaja, ravio",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: raaja, ravio"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "roakie"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: roakie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: roakie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "raigā"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: raigā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: raigā"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "ragj"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: ragj",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: ragj"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "rag'a",
            "3": "ragja"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: rag'a, ragja",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: rag'a, ragja"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "smi-pro",
        "2": "*ruovjē",
        "3": "",
        "4": "limb"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Samic *ruovjē (“limb”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "gem"
      },
      "expansion": "Germanic",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "ine-bsl-pro",
        "3": "*rankjā-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Balto-Slavic *rankjā-",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "ranka"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ranka",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Akin to Proto-Samic *ruovjē (“limb”), possibly an old borrowing from a Germanic source akin to *rakjaną (“to straighten”), presuming a sense development \"that which is straightened\" > \"limb\".\nLiukkonen (1999) proposes borrowing from Proto-Balto-Slavic *rankjā-, a variant of *ránkāˀ (“hand”) (whence e.g. Lithuanian ranka).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakja",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjat",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjadën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoidën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjada",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoida",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjassa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjahna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoissa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoihna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjasta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoista",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjahën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoihën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjalla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoilla",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjalta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoilta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjalën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjalëk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoilën",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoilëk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjana",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoina",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjaksi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoiksi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoin",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjanëk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoinëk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjatta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "rakjoitta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "noun"
      },
      "expansion": "*rakja",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyponyms": [
    {
      "english": "foot, leg",
      "word": "jalka"
    },
    {
      "english": "hand, arm",
      "word": "käci"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "rakja"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/rakja",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
        "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
        "Proto-Finnic nouns",
        "Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Germanic languages",
        "Proto-Finnic terms borrowed from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
        "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Germanic languages",
        "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "limb"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "limb",
          "limb"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "rakja"
}

Download raw JSONL data for rakja meaning in Proto-Finnic (5.4kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.