See pakki in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "pakk",
"3": "pakitama//pakitada",
"der2": "1",
"t1": "haste, hurry",
"t2": "to be sore, ache"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: pakk (“haste, hurry”), ⇒ pakitama /pakitada (“to be sore, ache”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: pakk (“haste, hurry”), ⇒ pakitama /pakitada (“to be sore, ache”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "paḱ",
"t1": "to force to eat"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: paḱ (“to force to eat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: paḱ (“to force to eat”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "pakk'"
},
"expansion": "Võro: pakk'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: pakk'"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "pakko",
"3": "pakottaa",
"der2": "1",
"t1": "need, obligation",
"t2": "to force; be sore, ache"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: pakko (“need, obligation”), ⇒ pakottaa (“to force; be sore, ache”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: pakko (“need, obligation”), ⇒ pakottaa (“to force; be sore, ache”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "pakko",
"t1": "necessary"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: pakko (“necessary”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: pakko (“necessary”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "pakko",
"bor": "1",
"id1": "must",
"t1": "required, necessary"
},
"expansion": "→ Votic: pakko (“required, necessary”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Votic: pakko (“required, necessary”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: pakko (“need, obligation”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: pakko (“need, obligation”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "pakottada",
"der1": "1",
"t1": "to be sore, ache"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: ⇒ pakottada (“to be sore, ache”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: ⇒ pakottada (“to be sore, ache”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "pakutada",
"der1": "1",
"t1": "to be sore, ache"
},
"expansion": "Veps: ⇒ pakutada (“to be sore, ache”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: ⇒ pakutada (“to be sore, ache”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from the same root as *pak'ahtadak, in which case the meaning may have been \"pain that feels like something is about to burst\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pakki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'it",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'it",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'issa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'ihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'ista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'illa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'ilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'iksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'itta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pakki"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pakki",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/i",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pressing pain; ache, soreness"
],
"id": "en-pakki-urj-fin-pro-noun-lA602g-3",
"links": [
[
"pressing",
"pressing"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"ache",
"ache"
],
[
"soreness",
"soreness"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pakki"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "pakk",
"3": "pakitama//pakitada",
"der2": "1",
"t1": "haste, hurry",
"t2": "to be sore, ache"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: pakk (“haste, hurry”), ⇒ pakitama /pakitada (“to be sore, ache”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: pakk (“haste, hurry”), ⇒ pakitama /pakitada (“to be sore, ache”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "liv",
"2": "paḱ",
"t1": "to force to eat"
},
"expansion": "Livonian: paḱ (“to force to eat”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livonian: paḱ (“to force to eat”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vro",
"2": "pakk'"
},
"expansion": "Võro: pakk'",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Võro: pakk'"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "pakko",
"3": "pakottaa",
"der2": "1",
"t1": "need, obligation",
"t2": "to force; be sore, ache"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: pakko (“need, obligation”), ⇒ pakottaa (“to force; be sore, ache”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: pakko (“need, obligation”), ⇒ pakottaa (“to force; be sore, ache”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "pakko",
"t1": "necessary"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: pakko (“necessary”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: pakko (“necessary”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "pakko",
"bor": "1",
"id1": "must",
"t1": "required, necessary"
},
"expansion": "→ Votic: pakko (“required, necessary”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Votic: pakko (“required, necessary”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: pakko (“need, obligation”)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: pakko (“need, obligation”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "pakottada",
"der1": "1",
"t1": "to be sore, ache"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: ⇒ pakottada (“to be sore, ache”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: ⇒ pakottada (“to be sore, ache”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vep",
"2": "pakutada",
"der1": "1",
"t1": "to be sore, ache"
},
"expansion": "Veps: ⇒ pakutada (“to be sore, ache”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Veps: ⇒ pakutada (“to be sore, ache”)"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from the same root as *pak'ahtadak, in which case the meaning may have been \"pain that feels like something is about to burst\".",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pakki",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'it",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'it",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'issa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'ihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'ista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjisën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'illa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'ilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'iksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'in",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pak'itta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pakkëjitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pakki"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/pakki",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/i",
"Proto-Finnic nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"pressing pain; ache, soreness"
],
"links": [
[
"pressing",
"pressing"
],
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"ache",
"ache"
],
[
"soreness",
"soreness"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "pakki"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pakki meaning in Proto-Finnic (6.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (87ad358 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.