See näälä in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for näälä meaning in Proto-Finnic (5.4kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "nääl"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: nääl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: nääl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "näälä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: näälä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: näälä (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "näälä"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: näälä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: näälä"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "neälä"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: neälä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: neälä"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "niäly"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: niäly",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: niäly"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "nääle"
},
"expansion": "Votic: nääle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: nääle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*nainën"
},
"expansion": "*nainën",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "lávve"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami lávve",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kca-eas",
"tr": "ĺö̭γ"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Khanty [script needed] (ĺö̭γ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Obscure. Sometimes connected with the Uralic root *naxe- (which gave *nainën), perhaps as a front-vowel harmonic derivative *näxlä < *näxe-lä, but this is highly uncertain. Some kind of Uralic compound *naxe-läwä (for *läwä \"(younger) male relative\", see Northern Sami lávve, Eastern Khanty [script needed] (ĺö̭γ)) might have reduced to *näxlä, if the complete loss of the last syllable could be explained.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "näälä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääläden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleiden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälädä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleidä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälässä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälähnä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleissä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleihnä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälästä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleistä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälähen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleihen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälällä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleillä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälältä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleiltä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälälen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälälek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleilen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleilek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälänä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleinä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nääläksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "näälän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälein",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälänek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleinek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälättä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleittä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "näälä"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/näälä",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"brother-in-law (one's wife's brother)"
],
"id": "en-näälä-urj-fin-pro-noun-d7WhFFmR",
"links": [
[
"brother-in-law",
"brother-in-law"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "näälä"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "nääl"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: nääl",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: nääl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "näälä"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: näälä",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "rare"
},
"expansion": "(rare)",
"name": "qual"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: näälä (rare)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "näälä"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: näälä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: näälä"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "neälä"
},
"expansion": "Karelian: neälä",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian: neälä"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "niäly"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: niäly",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: niäly"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "nääle"
},
"expansion": "Votic: nääle",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: nääle"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "*nainën"
},
"expansion": "*nainën",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "lávve"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami lávve",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kca-eas",
"tr": "ĺö̭γ"
},
"expansion": "Eastern Khanty [script needed] (ĺö̭γ)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Obscure. Sometimes connected with the Uralic root *naxe- (which gave *nainën), perhaps as a front-vowel harmonic derivative *näxlä < *näxe-lä, but this is highly uncertain. Some kind of Uralic compound *naxe-läwä (for *läwä \"(younger) male relative\", see Northern Sami lávve, Eastern Khanty [script needed] (ĺö̭γ)) might have reduced to *näxlä, if the complete loss of the last syllable could be explained.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "näälä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälät",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääläden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleiden",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälädä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleidä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälässä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälähnä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleissä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleihnä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälästä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleistä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälähen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleihen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälällä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleillä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälältä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleiltä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälälen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälälek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleilen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleilek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälänä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleinä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "nääläksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "näälän",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "näälein",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälänek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleinek",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "näälättä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "nääleittä",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "näälä"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/näälä",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Requests for native script for Eastern Khanty terms",
"urj-fin-pro:Family members"
],
"glosses": [
"brother-in-law (one's wife's brother)"
],
"links": [
[
"brother-in-law",
"brother-in-law"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "näälä"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-18 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (1d5a7d1 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.