"koski" meaning in Proto-Finnic

See koski in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Uralic *kośke. Etymology templates: {{etymid|urj-fin-pro|rapid}}, {{inh|urj-fin-pro|urj-pro|*kośke}} Proto-Uralic *kośke Inflection templates: {{urj-fin-decl|koskë}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], koski [nominative, singular], koskët [nominative, plural], koskën [accusative, singular], koskët [accusative, plural], koskën [genitive, singular], koskëdën [genitive, plural], koskidën [genitive, plural], koskëda [partitive, singular], koskida [partitive, plural], koskëssa [inessive, singular], koskëhna [inessive, singular], koskissa [inessive, plural], koskihna [inessive, plural], koskësta [elative, singular], koskista [elative, plural], koskëhën [illative, singular], koskihën [illative, plural], koskëlla [adessive, singular], koskilla [adessive, plural], koskëlta [ablative, singular], koskilta [ablative, plural], koskëlën [allative, singular], koskëlëk [allative, singular], koskilën [allative, plural], koskilëk [allative, plural], koskëna [essive, singular], koskina [essive, plural], koskëksi [singular, translative], koskiksi [plural, translative], koskën [instructive, singular], koskin [instructive, plural], koskënëk [comitative, singular], koskinëk [comitative, plural], koskëtta [abessive, singular], koskitta [abessive, plural]
  1. a continuous series of relatively small waterfalls in a stream, rapid Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: *juka
    Sense id: en-koski-urj-fin-pro-noun-oJzLhSNg Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 46 54
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Uralic [Term?]. Cognate with Hungarian hárs. Etymology templates: {{etymid|urj-fin-pro|bark}}, {{inh|urj-fin-pro|urj-pro|}} Proto-Uralic [Term?], {{cog|hu|hárs}} Hungarian hárs Inflection templates: {{urj-fin-decl|koskë}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], koski [nominative, singular], koskët [nominative, plural], koskën [accusative, singular], koskët [accusative, plural], koskën [genitive, singular], koskëdën [genitive, plural], koskidën [genitive, plural], koskëda [partitive, singular], koskida [partitive, plural], koskëssa [inessive, singular], koskëhna [inessive, singular], koskissa [inessive, plural], koskihna [inessive, plural], koskësta [elative, singular], koskista [elative, plural], koskëhën [illative, singular], koskihën [illative, plural], koskëlla [adessive, singular], koskilla [adessive, plural], koskëlta [ablative, singular], koskilta [ablative, plural], koskëlën [allative, singular], koskëlëk [allative, singular], koskilën [allative, plural], koskilëk [allative, plural], koskëna [essive, singular], koskina [essive, plural], koskëksi [singular, translative], koskiksi [plural, translative], koskën [instructive, singular], koskin [instructive, plural], koskënëk [comitative, singular], koskinëk [comitative, plural], koskëtta [abessive, singular], koskitta [abessive, plural]
  1. spruce bark, thick bark Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-koski-urj-fin-pro-noun-WLx7bQ09 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Finnic nominals by type/e Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 46 54 Disambiguation of Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header: 40 60 Disambiguation of Proto-Finnic nominals by type/e: 17 83
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kosk"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: kosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: kosk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "koski"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: koski",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: koski"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Karelian: koški"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Karelian: koski"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "koski"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: koski",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: koski"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "kosk"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: kosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: kosk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "kosk"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: kosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: kosk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "rapid"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kośke"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kośke",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *kośke.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koski",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëdën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëda",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëssa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëhna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskësta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskënëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëtta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "koskë"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koski",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a continuous series of relatively small waterfalls in a stream, rapid"
      ],
      "id": "en-koski-urj-fin-pro-noun-oJzLhSNg",
      "links": [
        [
          "waterfall",
          "waterfall#English"
        ],
        [
          "rapid",
          "rapid"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*juka"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "koski"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kosk<q:dialectal>"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: (dialectal) kosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: (dialectal) kosk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "kuosk"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: kuosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: kuosk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "kaska",
            "3": "koska",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latvian: kaska, koska",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latvian: kaska, koska"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "kosk'"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: kosk'",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: kosk'"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "koskut<q:dialectal>",
            "3": "kosku",
            "4": "koskus"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) koskut, kosku, koskus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: (dialectal) koskut, kosku, koskus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "kosut"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: kosut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: kosut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Karelian: košus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Karelian: koššus, koskut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "koskud"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: koskud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: koskud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "koskud"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: koskud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: koskud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "koskhaine",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Veps: koskhaine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Veps: koskhaine"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "kõsku",
            "q1": "Mati"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: (Mati) kõsku",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: (Mati) kõsku"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "bark"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic [Term?]",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "hárs"
      },
      "expansion": "Hungarian hárs",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic [Term?]. Cognate with Hungarian hárs.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koski",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëdën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëda",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëssa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëhna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskësta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskënëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëtta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "koskë"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koski",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "46 54",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "40 60",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "17 83",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/e",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "spruce bark, thick bark"
      ],
      "id": "en-koski-urj-fin-pro-noun-WLx7bQ09",
      "links": [
        [
          "spruce",
          "spruce"
        ],
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ],
        [
          "thick",
          "thick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "koski"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
    "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/e",
    "Proto-Finnic nouns",
    "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
    "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kosk"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: kosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: kosk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "koski"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: koski",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: koski"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Karelian: koški"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Karelian: koski"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "koski"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: koski",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: koski"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "kosk"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: kosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: kosk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "kosk"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: kosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: kosk"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "rapid"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kośke"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kośke",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *kośke.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koski",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëdën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëda",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëssa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëhna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskësta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskënëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëtta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "koskë"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koski",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "urj-fin-pro:Landforms"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a continuous series of relatively small waterfalls in a stream, rapid"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "waterfall",
          "waterfall#English"
        ],
        [
          "rapid",
          "rapid"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*juka"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "koski"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
    "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/e",
    "Proto-Finnic nouns",
    "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
    "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kosk<q:dialectal>"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: (dialectal) kosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: (dialectal) kosk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "kuosk"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: kuosk",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: kuosk"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lv",
            "2": "kaska",
            "3": "koska",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Latvian: kaska, koska",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Latvian: kaska, koska"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "kosk'"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: kosk'",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: kosk'"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "koskut<q:dialectal>",
            "3": "kosku",
            "4": "koskus"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: (dialectal) koskut, kosku, koskus",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: (dialectal) koskut, kosku, koskus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "kosut"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: kosut",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: kosut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Karelian: košus"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Karelian: koššus, koskut"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "koskud"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: koskud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: koskud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "koskud"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: koskud",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: koskud"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "koskhaine",
            "der": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "⇒ Veps: koskhaine",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "⇒ Veps: koskhaine"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "kõsku",
            "q1": "Mati"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: (Mati) kõsku",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: (Mati) kõsku"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "bark"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "etymid"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic [Term?]",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "hárs"
      },
      "expansion": "Hungarian hárs",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic [Term?]. Cognate with Hungarian hárs.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koski",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskët",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëdën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëda",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëssa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëhna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskësta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëhën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëlëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskënëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskëtta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "koskitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "koskë"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/koski",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "spruce bark, thick bark"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "spruce",
          "spruce"
        ],
        [
          "bark",
          "bark"
        ],
        [
          "thick",
          "thick"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "koski"
}

Download raw JSONL data for koski meaning in Proto-Finnic (10.7kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.