"karkëda" meaning in Proto-Finnic

See karkëda in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

Etymology: Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *karketa, akin to Komi курыд (kuryd, “bitter”), Udmurt курыт (kuryt, “bitter”). Derivation as *karvas (“bitter”) + *-këda may also be possible. Etymology templates: {{inh|urj-fin-pro|urj-fpr-pro|*karketa}} Proto-Finno-Permic *karketa, {{suffix|urj-fin-pro|*karvas|*këda|t1=bitter}} *karvas (“bitter”) + *-këda
  1. harsh Tags: reconstruction
    Sense id: en-karkëda-urj-fin-pro-adj-vYePoik9 Categories (other): Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-këda Disambiguation of Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header: 51 43 6 Disambiguation of Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-këda: 56 38 6
  2. coarse, rough (of texture) Tags: reconstruction Synonyms (coarse, rough): karhëda
    Sense id: en-karkëda-urj-fin-pro-adj-34wdsf~J Categories (other): Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header: 51 43 6 Disambiguation of 'coarse, rough': 24 70 6
  3. bitter, sharp (of taste) Tags: reconstruction Synonyms (bitter): kackëra, karvas, kirpedä
    Sense id: en-karkëda-urj-fin-pro-adj-f5N4svzZ Disambiguation of 'bitter': 0 0 100

Download JSONL data for karkëda meaning in Proto-Finnic (4.3kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "karge"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: karge",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: karge"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "karkea"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: karkea",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: karkea"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "karkia"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: karkia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: karkia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "karkie",
            "3": "kargie"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: karkie, kargie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: karkie, kargie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "kargei"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: kargei",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: kargei"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "karged"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: karged",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: karged"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "karged"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: karged",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: karged"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "karka"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: karka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: karka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "smi-pro",
            "2": "*kārkkë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *kārkkë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *kārkkë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "se",
            "2": "gárkkis"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Sami: gárkkis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Sami: gárkkis"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sms",
            "tr": "kar̀ʿkkɐ̑ᴅ"
          },
          "expansion": "Skolt Sami: [Term?] (kar̀ʿkkɐ̑ᴅ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Skolt Sami: [Term?] (kar̀ʿkkɐ̑ᴅ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sia",
            "tr": "kark̄eđ"
          },
          "expansion": "Akkala Sami: [script needed] (kark̄eđ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Akkala Sami: [script needed] (kark̄eđ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "коа̄ҏҏкэ"
          },
          "expansion": "Kildin Sami: коа̄ҏҏкэ (kåår̥r̥ke)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kildin Sami: коа̄ҏҏкэ (kåår̥r̥ke) (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjt",
            "tr": "kārhki̊ᵢt"
          },
          "expansion": "Ter Sami: [script needed] (kārhki̊ᵢt)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ter Sami: [script needed] (kārhki̊ᵢt)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "3": "*karketa"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *karketa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "*karvas",
        "3": "*këda",
        "t1": "bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "*karvas (“bitter”) + *-këda",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *karketa, akin to Komi курыд (kuryd, “bitter”), Udmurt курыт (kuryt, “bitter”). Derivation as *karvas (“bitter”) + *-këda may also be possible.",
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/karkëda",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 43 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "56 38 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-këda",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "harsh"
      ],
      "id": "en-karkëda-urj-fin-pro-adj-vYePoik9",
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "51 43 6",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "coarse, rough (of texture)"
      ],
      "id": "en-karkëda-urj-fin-pro-adj-34wdsf~J",
      "links": [
        [
          "coarse",
          "coarse"
        ],
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "24 70 6",
          "sense": "coarse, rough",
          "word": "karhëda"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bitter, sharp (of taste)"
      ],
      "id": "en-karkëda-urj-fin-pro-adj-f5N4svzZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ],
        [
          "sharp",
          "sharp"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "sense": "bitter",
          "word": "kackëra"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "sense": "bitter",
          "word": "karvas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 100",
          "sense": "bitter",
          "word": "kirpedä"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "karkëda"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Finnic adjectives",
    "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
    "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Finno-Permic",
    "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Finno-Permic",
    "Proto-Finnic terms suffixed with *-këda"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "karge"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: karge",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: karge"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "karkea"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: karkea",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: karkea"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "karkia"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: karkia",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: karkia"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "karkie",
            "3": "kargie"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian: karkie, kargie",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian: karkie, kargie"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "kargei"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: kargei",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: kargei"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "lud",
            "2": "karged"
          },
          "expansion": "Ludian: karged",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ludian: karged"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "karged"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: karged",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: karged"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "karka"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: karka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: karka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "smi-pro",
            "2": "*kārkkë",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Proto-Samic: *kārkkë",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Proto-Samic: *kārkkë"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "se",
            "2": "gárkkis"
          },
          "expansion": "Northern Sami: gárkkis",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Northern Sami: gárkkis"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sms",
            "tr": "kar̀ʿkkɐ̑ᴅ"
          },
          "expansion": "Skolt Sami: [Term?] (kar̀ʿkkɐ̑ᴅ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Skolt Sami: [Term?] (kar̀ʿkkɐ̑ᴅ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sia",
            "tr": "kark̄eđ"
          },
          "expansion": "Akkala Sami: [script needed] (kark̄eđ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Akkala Sami: [script needed] (kark̄eđ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjd",
            "2": "коа̄ҏҏкэ"
          },
          "expansion": "Kildin Sami: коа̄ҏҏкэ (kåår̥r̥ke)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "obsolete"
          },
          "expansion": "(obsolete)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Kildin Sami: коа̄ҏҏкэ (kåår̥r̥ke) (obsolete)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sjt",
            "tr": "kārhki̊ᵢt"
          },
          "expansion": "Ter Sami: [script needed] (kārhki̊ᵢt)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ter Sami: [script needed] (kārhki̊ᵢt)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-fpr-pro",
        "3": "*karketa"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Finno-Permic *karketa",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "*karvas",
        "3": "*këda",
        "t1": "bitter"
      },
      "expansion": "*karvas (“bitter”) + *-këda",
      "name": "suffix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *karketa, akin to Komi курыд (kuryd, “bitter”), Udmurt курыт (kuryt, “bitter”). Derivation as *karvas (“bitter”) + *-këda may also be possible.",
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/karkëda",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "harsh"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "harsh",
          "harsh"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "coarse, rough (of texture)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "coarse",
          "coarse"
        ],
        [
          "rough",
          "rough"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "bitter, sharp (of taste)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bitter",
          "bitter"
        ],
        [
          "sharp",
          "sharp"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "coarse, rough",
      "word": "karhëda"
    },
    {
      "sense": "bitter",
      "word": "kackëra"
    },
    {
      "sense": "bitter",
      "word": "karvas"
    },
    {
      "sense": "bitter",
      "word": "kirpedä"
    }
  ],
  "word": "karkëda"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-29 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (d4b8e84 and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.