"kala" meaning in Proto-Finnic

See kala in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: From Proto-Uralic *kala. Etymology templates: {{inh|urj-fin-pro|urj-pro|*kala}} Proto-Uralic *kala Inflection templates: {{urj-fin-decl|kala}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kala [nominative, singular], kalat [nominative, plural], kalan [accusative, singular], kalat [accusative, plural], kalan [genitive, singular], kaladën [genitive, plural], kaloidën [genitive, plural], kalada [partitive, singular], kaloida [partitive, plural], kalassa [inessive, singular], kalahna [inessive, singular], kaloissa [inessive, plural], kaloihna [inessive, plural], kalasta [elative, singular], kaloista [elative, plural], kalahën [illative, singular], kaloihën [illative, plural], kalalla [adessive, singular], kaloilla [adessive, plural], kalalta [ablative, singular], kaloilta [ablative, plural], kalalën [allative, singular], kalalëk [allative, singular], kaloilën [allative, plural], kaloilëk [allative, plural], kalana [essive, singular], kaloina [essive, plural], kalaksi [singular, translative], kaloiksi [plural, translative], kalan [instructive, singular], kaloin [instructive, plural], kalanëk [comitative, singular], kaloinëk [comitative, plural], kalatta [abessive, singular], kaloitta [abessive, plural]
  1. fish Tags: reconstruction
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Karelian: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Karelian: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "kalā"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: kalā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: kalā"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: kala"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kala"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kala",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *kala.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kala",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaladën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalassa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalahna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalalla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalalta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalalën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalalëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalana",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalaksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kala"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kala",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fish"
      ],
      "id": "en-kala-urj-fin-pro-noun-tHSpmicF",
      "links": [
        [
          "fish",
          "fish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kala"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "et",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Estonian: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Estonian: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fi",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Finnish: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Finnish: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "izh",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Ingrian: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ingrian: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "krl",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Karelian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Karelian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "North Karelian: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Karelian: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "liv",
            "2": "kalā"
          },
          "expansion": "Livonian: kalā",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livonian: kalā"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "olo",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Livvi: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Livvi: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vep",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Veps: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Veps: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vro",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Võro: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Võro: kala"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "vot",
            "2": "kala"
          },
          "expansion": "Votic: kala",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Votic: kala"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "urj-fin-pro",
        "2": "urj-pro",
        "3": "*kala"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Uralic *kala",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Uralic *kala.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "urj-fin-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kala",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalat",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaladën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloidën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalada",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloida",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "partitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalassa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalahna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloissa",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloihna",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalasta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloista",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "elative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalahën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloihën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "illative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalalla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloilla",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "adessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalalta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloilta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalalën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalalëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloilën",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloilëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "allative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalana",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloina",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "essive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalaksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloiksi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "translative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalan",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instructive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalanëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloinëk",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "comitative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kalatta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kaloitta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "abessive",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kala"
      },
      "name": "urj-fin-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Finnic",
  "lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/kala",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Finnic lemmas",
        "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-oi",
        "Proto-Finnic nouns",
        "Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
        "Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic",
        "urj-fin-pro:Fish",
        "urj-fin-pro:Foods"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fish",
          "fish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "kala"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kala meaning in Proto-Finnic (5.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-09 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-02 using wiktextract (32c88e6 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.