See hukka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "huk'at'ak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "hukkudak"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "hukk"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: hukk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: hukk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "hukka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: hukka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: hukka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "hukka"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: hukka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: hukka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: hukka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: hukka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Livonian: *hukkahën > ukkõ, *huk'assa > ukās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ukā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latvian: ukā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latvian: ukā"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "hukku"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: hukku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: hukku"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "hukk"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: hukk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: hukk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Võro: *hukkahën > hukan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "ukkõ",
"q1": "Kattila"
},
"expansion": "Votic: (Kattila) ukkõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: (Kattila) ukkõ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"title": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*sukka-",
"4": "noise, disturbance"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sukka- (“noise, disturbance”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sukk",
"3": "",
"4": "noise"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sukk (“noise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "чыкны",
"3": "",
"4": "to lose"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian чыкны (ćykny, “to lose”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "чыкйыны",
"3": "",
"4": "to be soiled"
},
"expansion": "Udmurt чыкйыны (ćykjyny, “to be soiled”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. The word been compared to Proto-Germanic *sukka- (“noise, disturbance”) (whence Old Norse sukk (“noise”), sukka (“to make a noise; to waste”)) on one hand, and Komi-Zyrian чыкны (ćykny, “to lose”), Udmurt чыкйыны (ćykjyny, “to be soiled”) on the other. Both comparisons have issues; the Old Norse word does not have a clear etymology (note variants svakk, svakka), while the latter would (if one ignores the other phonological issues) require the sound change of initial *č > *š, now considered highly unlikely.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hukka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'assa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'asta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'alla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'alta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'aksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'atta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hukka"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hukka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"loss"
],
"id": "en-hukka-urj-fin-pro-noun-LqccGBMa",
"links": [
[
"loss",
"loss"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "55 45",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ruin, destruction"
],
"id": "en-hukka-urj-fin-pro-noun-gowR1G9X",
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hukka"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic nouns",
"Proto-Finnic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "huk'at'ak"
},
{
"word": "hukkudak"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "et",
"2": "hukk"
},
"expansion": "Estonian: hukk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Estonian: hukk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fi",
"2": "hukka"
},
"expansion": "Finnish: hukka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Finnish: hukka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "izh",
"2": "hukka"
},
"expansion": "Ingrian: hukka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ingrian: hukka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "krl",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Karelian:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Karelian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Karelian: hukka"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "South Karelian: hukka"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Livonian: *hukkahën > ukkõ, *huk'assa > ukās"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "ukā",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Latvian: ukā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latvian: ukā"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "olo",
"2": "hukku"
},
"expansion": "Livvi: hukku",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Livvi: hukku"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lud",
"2": "hukk"
},
"expansion": "Ludian: hukk",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ludian: hukk"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Võro: *hukkahën > hukan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vot",
"2": "ukkõ",
"q1": "Kattila"
},
"expansion": "Votic: (Kattila) ukkõ",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Votic: (Kattila) ukkõ"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"title": "Unclear"
},
"expansion": "Unclear",
"name": "unk"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "",
"3": "*sukka-",
"4": "noise, disturbance"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sukka- (“noise, disturbance”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "sukk",
"3": "",
"4": "noise"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse sukk (“noise”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kpv",
"2": "чыкны",
"3": "",
"4": "to lose"
},
"expansion": "Komi-Zyrian чыкны (ćykny, “to lose”)",
"name": "ncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "udm",
"2": "чыкйыны",
"3": "",
"4": "to be soiled"
},
"expansion": "Udmurt чыкйыны (ćykjyny, “to be soiled”)",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unclear. The word been compared to Proto-Germanic *sukka- (“noise, disturbance”) (whence Old Norse sukk (“noise”), sukka (“to make a noise; to waste”)) on one hand, and Komi-Zyrian чыкны (ćykny, “to lose”), Udmurt чыкйыны (ćykjyny, “to be soiled”) on the other. Both comparisons have issues; the Old Norse word does not have a clear etymology (note variants svakk, svakka), while the latter would (if one ignores the other phonological issues) require the sound change of initial *č > *š, now considered highly unlikely.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "hukka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'at",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'assa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'asta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'alla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'alta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'aksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'an",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hukkëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'atta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "huk'ëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hukka"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/hukka",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"loss"
],
"links": [
[
"loss",
"loss"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"ruin, destruction"
],
"links": [
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"destruction",
"destruction"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "hukka"
}
Download raw JSONL data for hukka meaning in Proto-Finnic (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-03 using wiktextract (87ad358 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.