See coma in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "somá"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "soma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "šoma"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "šoma"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"word": "čoma"
},
{
"lang": "Ludian",
"lang_code": "lud",
"word": "čoma"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "čoma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"word": "suopmat"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samic",
"lang_code": "smi-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
]
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*ćoma",
"t": "good, nice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *ćoma (“good, nice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*somå"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic *somå",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suopmat"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami suopmat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*sōmaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sōmaz",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Uralic *ćoma (“good, nice”) (whence also Proto-Samoyedic *somå). Alternatively, possibly related to Northern Sami suopmat. In the past posited to derive from Proto-Germanic *sōmaz, *sōmiz, but this requires a reconstruction *soma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Finnic",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "coma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "coman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "coman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "comëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "coman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "coma"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/coma",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 42 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Proto-Finnic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"good"
],
"id": "en-coma-urj-fin-pro-adj-dw5gdiTW",
"links": [
[
"good",
"good"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 42 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Proto-Finnic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pleasant, nice"
],
"id": "en-coma-urj-fin-pro-adj-tldj~bNm",
"links": [
[
"pleasant",
"pleasant"
],
[
"nice",
"nice"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 42 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Northern Proto-Finnic",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 48 52",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "21 38 41",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 33 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pretty, beautiful"
],
"id": "en-coma-urj-fin-pro-adj-7eiI14f0",
"links": [
[
"pretty",
"pretty"
],
[
"beautiful",
"beautiful"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "coma"
}
{
"categories": [
"Northern Proto-Finnic",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Finnic adjectives",
"Proto-Finnic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Finnic lemmas",
"Proto-Finnic nominals by type/a-ei",
"Proto-Finnic terms derived from Proto-Uralic",
"Proto-Finnic terms inherited from Proto-Uralic"
],
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "somá"
}
],
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"word": "soma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "North Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "šoma"
},
{
"lang": "South Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl",
"word": "šoma"
}
],
"lang": "Karelian",
"lang_code": "krl"
},
{
"lang": "Livvi",
"lang_code": "olo",
"word": "čoma"
},
{
"lang": "Ludian",
"lang_code": "lud",
"word": "čoma"
},
{
"lang": "Veps",
"lang_code": "vep",
"word": "čoma"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Northern Sami",
"lang_code": "se",
"word": "suopmat"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Samic",
"lang_code": "smi-pro",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"uncertain"
]
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "urj-fin-pro",
"2": "urj-pro",
"3": "*ćoma",
"t": "good, nice"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Uralic *ćoma (“good, nice”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "syd-pro",
"2": "*somå"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Samoyedic *somå",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "suopmat"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami suopmat",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*sōmaz"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *sōmaz",
"name": "ncog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably from Proto-Uralic *ćoma (“good, nice”) (whence also Proto-Samoyedic *somå). Alternatively, possibly related to Northern Sami suopmat. In the past posited to derive from Proto-Germanic *sōmaz, *sōmiz, but this requires a reconstruction *soma.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "Finnic",
"tags": [
"Northern"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "urj-fin-decl",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "coma",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "coman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comat",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "coman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comadën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comëidën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comada",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëida",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"partitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comassa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comahna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëissa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comëihna",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comasta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëista",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"elative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comahën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëihën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"illative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comalla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëilla",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adessive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comalta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëilta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comalën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comalëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëilën",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comëilëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"allative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comana",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëina",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"essive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comaksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "comëiksi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"translative"
]
},
{
"form": "coman",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëin",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instructive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comanëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëinëk",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"comitative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "comatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "comëitta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"abessive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "coma"
},
"name": "urj-fin-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Finnic",
"lang_code": "urj-fin-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/coma",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"good"
],
"links": [
[
"good",
"good"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pleasant, nice"
],
"links": [
[
"pleasant",
"pleasant"
],
[
"nice",
"nice"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pretty, beautiful"
],
"links": [
[
"pretty",
"pretty"
],
[
"beautiful",
"beautiful"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "coma"
}
Download raw JSONL data for coma meaning in Proto-Finnic (5.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Finnic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.