tolkos in Proto-Celtic

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Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *tolkos, o-stem form of *telk- (“to thrust, strike”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *telťi (“to pound”), Lithuanian ti̇̀lkti (“to be tame”). Etymology templates: {{root|cel-pro|ine-pro|*telk-}}, {{inh|cel-pro|ine-pro|*tolkos}} Proto-Indo-European *tolkos, {{cog|sla-pro|*telťi||to pound}} Proto-Slavic *telťi (“to pound”), {{cog|lt|tìlkti||to be tame}} Lithuanian ti̇̀lkti (“to be tame”) Head templates: {{head|cel-pro|noun|cat2=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=}} *tolkos m Inflection templates: {{cel-decl-noun-o-m|tolk}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], tolkos [nominative, singular], tolkou [dual, nominative], tolkoi [nominative, plural], tolke [singular, vocative], tolkou [dual, vocative], tolkoi [plural, vocative], tolkom [accusative, singular], tolkou [accusative, dual], tolkons [accusative, plural], tolkī [genitive, singular], tolkous [dual, genitive], tolkom [genitive, plural], tolkūi [dative, singular], tolkobom [dative, dual], tolkobos [dative, plural], tolkei [locative, singular], - [dual, locative], - [locative, plural], tolkū [instrumental, singular], tolkobim [dual, instrumental], tolkūis [instrumental, plural]

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sga",
            "2": "tolc"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Irish: tolc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Irish: tolc, tolg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "tolg"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: tolg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: tolg"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*telk-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tolkos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tolkos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*telťi",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to pound"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *telťi (“to pound”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "tìlkti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be tame"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ti̇̀lkti (“to be tame”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *tolkos, o-stem form of *telk- (“to thrust, strike”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *telťi (“to pound”), Lithuanian ti̇̀lkti (“to be tame”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkoi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkoi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkons",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkūi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkobom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkobos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkū",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkobim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkūis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*tolkos m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tolk"
      },
      "name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Celtic",
  "lang_code": "cel-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tolkos",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "talskos"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "telmis"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "78 22",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "77 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "85 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "thrust, force, strength"
      ],
      "id": "en-tolkos-cel-pro-noun-Tk0vygcC",
      "links": [
        [
          "thrust",
          "thrust"
        ],
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ],
        [
          "strength",
          "strength"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tear, piercing"
      ],
      "id": "en-tolkos-cel-pro-noun-Ns~3UNui",
      "links": [
        [
          "tear",
          "tear"
        ],
        [
          "piercing",
          "piercing"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tolkos"
}

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{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Celtic lemmas",
    "Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
    "Proto-Celtic nouns",
    "Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Celtic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *telk-",
    "Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sga",
            "2": "tolc"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Irish: tolc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Irish: tolc, tolg"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ga",
            "2": "tolg"
          },
          "expansion": "Irish: tolg",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Irish: tolg"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*telk-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*tolkos"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *tolkos",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*telťi",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to pound"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *telťi (“to pound”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "tìlkti",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to be tame"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian ti̇̀lkti (“to be tame”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *tolkos, o-stem form of *telk- (“to thrust, strike”). Cognate with Proto-Slavic *telťi (“to pound”), Lithuanian ti̇̀lkti (“to be tame”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkoi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolke",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkoi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkou",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkons",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkous",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkūi",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkobom",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkobos",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkei",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkū",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkobim",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tolkūis",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*tolkos m",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tolk"
      },
      "name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Celtic",
  "lang_code": "cel-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/tolkos",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "talskos"
    },
    {
      "word": "telmis"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "thrust, force, strength"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "thrust",
          "thrust"
        ],
        [
          "force",
          "force"
        ],
        [
          "strength",
          "strength"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "tear, piercing"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tear",
          "tear"
        ],
        [
          "piercing",
          "piercing"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "tolkos"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"tolkos" meaning in Proto-Celtic

Noun