See kroudis in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "crúaid"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: crúaid\nIrish: crua\nManx: creoi\nScottish Gaelic: cruaidh\n⇒ Middle Irish: crúaide\nIrish: crua",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: crúaid\nIrish: crua\nManx: creoi\nScottish Gaelic: cruaidh\n⇒ Middle Irish: crúaide\nIrish: crua"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "*crōdios"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: *crōdios",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: *crōdios"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Crodius",
"bor": "1",
"pos": "personal name"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: Crodius (personal name)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: Crodius (personal name)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "croi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: croi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: croi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "croio",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: croio (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: croio (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "cròi",
"bor": "1",
"t": "frail, slim, bad"
},
"expansion": "→ Occitan: cròi (“frail, slim, bad”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Occitan: cròi (“frail, slim, bad”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krewh₂-",
"t": "blood"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A derivative of Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-adj-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "I-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudins",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudeis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudibom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudibos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudibim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudibis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*kroudis",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kroud"
},
"name": "cel-decl-adj-i"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kroudis",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harsh, cruel"
],
"id": "en-kroudis-cel-pro-adj-UVhnO6ID",
"links": [
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hard"
],
"id": "en-kroudis-cel-pro-adj-7VRluSIN",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "kroudis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic adjectives",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic i-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *krewh₂-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "crúaid"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: crúaid\nIrish: crua\nManx: creoi\nScottish Gaelic: cruaidh\n⇒ Middle Irish: crúaide\nIrish: crua",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: crúaid\nIrish: crua\nManx: creoi\nScottish Gaelic: cruaidh\n⇒ Middle Irish: crúaide\nIrish: crua"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "*crōdios"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: *crōdios",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: *crōdios"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "Crodius",
"bor": "1",
"pos": "personal name"
},
"expansion": "→ Latin: Crodius (personal name)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Latin: Crodius (personal name)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "croi",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: croi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: croi"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "croio",
"bor": "1",
"qq": "obsolete"
},
"expansion": "→ Italian: croio (obsolete)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Italian: croio (obsolete)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "cròi",
"bor": "1",
"t": "frail, slim, bad"
},
"expansion": "→ Occitan: cròi (“frail, slim, bad”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Occitan: cròi (“frail, slim, bad”)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krewh₂-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*krewh₂-",
"t": "blood"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "A derivative of Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂- (“blood”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-adj-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "I-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudīs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudins",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudeis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudibom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudibos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudibim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudibis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudyā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudois",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "kroudē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*kroudis",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kroud"
},
"name": "cel-decl-adj-i"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/kroudis",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"harsh, cruel"
],
"links": [
[
"harsh",
"harsh"
],
[
"cruel",
"cruel"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"hard"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "kroudis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for kroudis meaning in Proto-Celtic (4.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-03-21 using wiktextract (fef8596 and 633533e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.