See gnināti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "gniiou"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: gniiou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: gniiou (1st pers. sg. pres.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "·gnin"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ·gnin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ·gnin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵn̥néh₃ti",
"4": "",
"5": "to know, recognize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti (“to know, recognize”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti (“to know, recognize”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gnināmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninamam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnināsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninatās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnināti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninato",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāseti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninamosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gninamo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnamo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "gninatesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninastē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninanto",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnars",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gninā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāseti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninātou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gninamos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gninate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninār",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninātar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninātor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninammor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "gninadwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantbom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantbos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantbim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantbis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantiyās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantiyās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantiyans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyāi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninont",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninont",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninont",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātobis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*gnināti",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gninā<h3>",
"2": "gignā",
"3": "gegn<oh>",
"4": "gnāt",
"5": "gnās"
},
"name": "cel-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gnināti",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic nasal-infix athematic present verbs to an h₃-final root",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Middle Breton: aznauout; Breton",
"word": "anaout"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Breton: aznauout; Breton",
"word": "anavout"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Breton: aznauout; Breton",
"word": "anavezout"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *adwoɨnɨnüd",
"tags": [
"Cornish"
],
"word": "aswonvos"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *adwoɨnɨnüd",
"tags": [
"Cornish"
],
"word": "aswon"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *adwoɨnɨnüd; Welsh",
"word": "adnabod"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *adwoɨnɨnüd; Welsh",
"word": "adwaen"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: ad·gnin",
"tags": [
"Irish"
],
"word": "aithin"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: ad·gnin",
"word": "enney"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: ad·gnin; Scottish Gaelic",
"word": "aithnich"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to recognize"
],
"id": "en-gnināti-cel-pro-verb-DsroDbzV",
"links": [
[
"recognize",
"recognize"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "gnātos"
}
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gnināti"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Middle Breton: aznauout; Breton",
"word": "anaout"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Breton: aznauout; Breton",
"word": "anavout"
},
{
"sense": "Middle Breton: aznauout; Breton",
"word": "anavezout"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *adwoɨnɨnüd",
"tags": [
"Cornish"
],
"word": "aswonvos"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *adwoɨnɨnüd",
"tags": [
"Cornish"
],
"word": "aswon"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *adwoɨnɨnüd; Welsh",
"word": "adnabod"
},
{
"sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *adwoɨnɨnüd; Welsh",
"word": "adwaen"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: ad·gnin",
"tags": [
"Irish"
],
"word": "aithin"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: ad·gnin; Scottish Gaelic",
"word": "aithnich"
},
{
"sense": "Old Irish: ad·gnin",
"word": "enney"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "gniiou"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: gniiou",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: gniiou (1st pers. sg. pres.)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "·gnin"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: ·gnin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: ·gnin"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵneh₃-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ǵn̥néh₃ti",
"4": "",
"5": "to know, recognize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti (“to know, recognize”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥néh₃ti (“to know, recognize”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gnināmi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninamam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnināsi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninatās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnināti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninato",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāseti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninamosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gninamo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnamo",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "gninatesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninastē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninanto",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperfect",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gegnars",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gninā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāseti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninātou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsomosi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gninamos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsetesi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gninate",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsonti",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninār",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninātar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"preterite",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninātor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"preterite",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninammor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"future",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite"
]
},
{
"form": "gninadwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfect",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gignāsontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"future",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"preterite",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsūr",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsetar",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsetor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsommor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsedwe",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāsontor",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"present",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"past",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonts",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontes",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninontans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantbom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantbos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī?",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantbim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantbis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantiyās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantiyās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantiyans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyāi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gninantyābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninont",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gninont",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gninont",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gninonta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-conj",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnāte",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātoi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātons",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātobis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātam",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātans",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātābom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātābos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātābim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātābis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gnātā",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "verb",
"cat2": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*gnināti",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gninā<h3>",
"2": "gignā",
"3": "gegn<oh>",
"4": "gnāt",
"5": "gnās"
},
"name": "cel-conj"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gnināti",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "gnātos"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic nasal-infix athematic present verbs to an h₃-final root",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-",
"Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to recognize"
],
"links": [
[
"recognize",
"recognize"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "gnināti"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gnināti meaning in Proto-Celtic (18.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (f90d964 and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.