See gēstlos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*guɨstl",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "*guɨstl\nOld Breton: guistl\nMiddle Breton: goestl\nBreton: gouestl\nOld Cornish: guistel\nCornish: gostel\nMiddle Welsh: gwystyl, gwystl\nWelsh: gwystl",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Brythonic: *guɨstl\nOld Breton: guistl\nMiddle Breton: goestl\nBreton: gouestl\nOld Cornish: guistel\nCornish: gostel\nMiddle Welsh: gwystyl, gwystl\nWelsh: gwystl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "gíall"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: gíall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: gíall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "giall"
},
"expansion": "Irish: giall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: giall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "giall"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: giall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: giall"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "geistlus"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: geistlus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: geistlus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gīslaz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Germanic: *gīslaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Germanic: *gīslaz (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeydʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeydʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "desire, wait for"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeydʰ- (“desire, wait for”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "geĩsti",
"3": "geidžiù",
"4": "to desire"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian geidžiù (“to desire”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*žьdati",
"3": "",
"4": "to await"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žьdati (“to await”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʰeydʰ- (“desire, wait for”), apparently interpreted as \"one who waits (to be released)\". Cognate with Lithuanian geidžiù (“to desire”), Proto-Slavic *žьdati (“to await”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstloi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstle",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstloms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*gēstlos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gēstl"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gēstlos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "79 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "92 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hostage"
],
"id": "en-gēstlos-cel-pro-noun-KuPPfUxJ",
"links": [
[
"hostage",
"hostage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bail"
],
"id": "en-gēstlos-cel-pro-noun--ogav0tN",
"links": [
[
"bail",
"bail"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "gēstlos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Celtic lemmas",
"Proto-Celtic masculine nouns",
"Proto-Celtic nouns",
"Proto-Celtic o-stem nouns",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Celtic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰeydʰ-"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-bry-pro",
"2": "*guɨstl",
"notext": "1"
},
"expansion": "*guɨstl\nOld Breton: guistl\nMiddle Breton: goestl\nBreton: gouestl\nOld Cornish: guistel\nCornish: gostel\nMiddle Welsh: gwystyl, gwystl\nWelsh: gwystl",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Brythonic: *guɨstl\nOld Breton: guistl\nMiddle Breton: goestl\nBreton: gouestl\nOld Cornish: guistel\nCornish: gostel\nMiddle Welsh: gwystyl, gwystl\nWelsh: gwystl"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "gíall"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish: gíall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Irish: gíall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "giall"
},
"expansion": "Irish: giall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Irish: giall"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gd",
"2": "giall"
},
"expansion": "Scottish Gaelic: giall",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scottish Gaelic: giall"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-gau",
"2": "geistlus"
},
"expansion": "Gaulish: geistlus",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gaulish: geistlus"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*gīslaz",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Germanic: *gīslaz",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Germanic: *gīslaz (see there for further descendants)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeydʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰeydʰ-",
"4": "",
"5": "desire, wait for"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰeydʰ- (“desire, wait for”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "geĩsti",
"3": "geidžiù",
"4": "to desire"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian geidžiù (“to desire”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*žьdati",
"3": "",
"4": "to await"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *žьdati (“to await”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʰeydʰ- (“desire, wait for”), apparently interpreted as \"one who waits (to be released)\". Cognate with Lithuanian geidžiù (“to desire”), Proto-Slavic *žьdati (“to await”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cel-decl-noun-o-m",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"nominative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstloi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstle",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlūs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlou",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstloms",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlous",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlūi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlobom",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlobos",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlei",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlobim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "gēstlūis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"stem"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cel-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "*gēstlos m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gēstl"
},
"name": "cel-decl-noun-o-m"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Celtic",
"lang_code": "cel-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/gēstlos",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hostage"
],
"links": [
[
"hostage",
"hostage"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"bail"
],
"links": [
[
"bail",
"bail"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "gēstlos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gēstlos meaning in Proto-Celtic (5.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-09-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-08-20 using wiktextract (8e41825 and f99c758). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.