ast in Proto-Celtic

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Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), but with unexpected initial *a instead of o. Etymology templates: {{inh|cel-pro|ine-pro|*h₃ésth₁|t=bone}} Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”) Head templates: {{head|cel-pro|noun|cat2=|g=n|g2=|g3=|head=}} *ast n Inflection templates: {{cel-decl-noun-cons-n|ast}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], ast [nominative, singular], aste [dual, nominative], asta [nominative, plural], ast [singular, vocative], aste [dual, vocative], asta [plural, vocative], ast [accusative, singular], aste [accusative, dual], asta [accusative, plural], astos [genitive, singular], astou [dual, genitive], astom [genitive, plural], astē [dative, singular], astobom [dative, dual], astobos [dative, plural], asti [locative, singular], - [dual, locative], - [locative, plural], aste? [instrumental, singular], astobim [dual, instrumental], astobis [instrumental, plural]

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{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-bry-pro",
            "2": "*as"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *as",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Brythonic: *as"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cnx",
            "2": "asow",
            "g": "p"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Cornish: asow pl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Cornish: asow pl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wlm",
            "2": "eis",
            "g": "p"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Welsh: eis pl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Welsh: eis pl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cy",
            "2": "ais"
          },
          "expansion": "Welsh: ais",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Welsh: ais"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ésth₁",
        "t": "bone"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), but with unexpected initial *a instead of o.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel-decl-noun-cons-n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ast",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ast",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ast",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astobom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astobos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aste?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astobim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astobis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*ast n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ast"
      },
      "name": "cel-decl-noun-cons-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Celtic",
  "lang_code": "cel-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ast",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "sense": "Middle Irish: asna",
          "tags": [
            "Irish"
          ],
          "word": "easna"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Middle Irish: asna",
          "word": "asney"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Middle Irish: asna; Scottish Gaelic",
          "word": "asna"
        },
        {
          "word": "astilis"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *asen",
          "word": "asen"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Middle Welsh: asen, assen; Welsh",
          "word": "asen"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Middle Breton: ascorn; Breton",
          "word": "askorn"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Old Cornish: ascorn",
          "tags": [
            "Middle-Cornish"
          ],
          "word": "ascorn"
        },
        {
          "sense": "Middle Welsh: asgwrn, ascurn; Welsh",
          "word": "asgwrn"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rib"
      ],
      "id": "en-ast-cel-pro-noun-s55kdXII",
      "links": [
        [
          "rib",
          "rib"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ast"
}

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{
  "derived": [
    {
      "sense": "Middle Irish: asna",
      "tags": [
        "Irish"
      ],
      "word": "easna"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Middle Irish: asna",
      "word": "asney"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Middle Irish: asna; Scottish Gaelic",
      "word": "asna"
    },
    {
      "word": "astilis"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Proto-Brythonic: *asen",
      "word": "asen"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Middle Welsh: asen, assen; Welsh",
      "word": "asen"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Middle Breton: ascorn; Breton",
      "word": "askorn"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Old Cornish: ascorn",
      "tags": [
        "Middle-Cornish"
      ],
      "word": "ascorn"
    },
    {
      "sense": "Middle Welsh: asgwrn, ascurn; Welsh",
      "word": "asgwrn"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cel-bry-pro",
            "2": "*as"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-Brythonic: *as",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-Brythonic: *as"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cnx",
            "2": "asow",
            "g": "p"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Cornish: asow pl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Cornish: asow pl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "wlm",
            "2": "eis",
            "g": "p"
          },
          "expansion": "Middle Welsh: eis pl",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Middle Welsh: eis pl"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cy",
            "2": "ais"
          },
          "expansion": "Welsh: ais",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Welsh: ais"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₃ésth₁",
        "t": "bone"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”)",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *h₃ésth₁ (“bone”), but with unexpected initial *a instead of o.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cel-decl-noun-cons-n",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ast",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ast",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ast",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astou",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astobom",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astobos",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "asti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "aste?",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astobim",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "astobis",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cel-pro",
        "2": "noun",
        "cat2": "",
        "g": "n",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": ""
      },
      "expansion": "*ast n",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ast"
      },
      "name": "cel-decl-noun-cons-n"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Celtic",
  "lang_code": "cel-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/ast",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Celtic consonant stem nouns",
        "Proto-Celtic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Celtic lemmas",
        "Proto-Celtic neuter nouns",
        "Proto-Celtic nouns",
        "Proto-Celtic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Celtic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
        "cel-pro:Bones"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "rib"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "rib",
          "rib"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "ast"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Celtic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (ce0be54 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.

"ast" meaning in Proto-Celtic

Noun