See ránkāˀ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latgalian",
"lang_code": "ltg",
"word": "rūka"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"word": "ròka"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "rankà"
},
{
"lang": "Samogitian",
"lang_code": "sgs",
"word": "ronka"
}
],
"lang": "East Baltic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*rǭkà"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "rancko"
},
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "rānkan"
}
],
"lang": "West Baltic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wrenk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wrónk-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wrónk-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wranhō",
"t": "angle, corner, nook"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wranhō (“angle, corner, nook”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "branca"
},
"expansion": "Latin branca",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "branch"
},
"expansion": "English branch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "rinkti",
"3": "riñkti",
"t": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian riñkti (“to gather”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wrónk-eh₂ or *rónk-eh₂. This appears to be derived from a verbal root *wrenk- or *renk-, with further appurtenance outside of Balto-Slavic uncertain.\nAccording to Karulis, the root is *wrenk- and derived from the zero grade of a root *wer- (“to turn, to bend”). The original meaning was then “bent, bending (organ, limb)”. Compare Proto-Germanic *wranhō (“angle, corner, nook”) and Latin branca, whence English branch.\nAccording to Derksen and Kümmel, the root in question is found in Lithuanian riñkti (“to gather”); see there for more possible cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-a-f-fixed",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāu⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāu⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾su",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mā⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāˀn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾māˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mīˀs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*ránkāˀ f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ránk"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-a-f-fixed"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*ránkāˀ",
"10": "ránkāu⁽ˀ⁾",
"11": "ránkāu⁽ˀ⁾",
"12": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mā⁽ˀ⁾",
"13": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾māˀ",
"14": "ránkāiˀ",
"15": "ránkās",
"16": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"17": "ránkōn",
"18": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾su",
"19": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mas",
"2": "*ránkā⁽ˀ⁾n",
"20": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mīˀs",
"21": "ránkās",
"3": "*ránkā⁽ˀ⁾s",
"4": "*ránkāiˀ",
"5": "*ránkāi",
"6": "*ránkāˀn",
"7": "*ránka",
"8": "ránkāiˀ",
"9": "ránkāiˀ",
"title": "Declension of *ránkāˀ (ā-stem, fixed accent)"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ránkāˀ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Lithuanian links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Balto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Balto-Slavic nominals with fixed accent",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hand, arm"
],
"id": "en-ránkāˀ-ine-bsl-pro-noun-cVrHjNMa",
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "ránkāˀ"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Latgalian",
"lang_code": "ltg",
"word": "rūka"
},
{
"lang": "Latvian",
"lang_code": "lv",
"word": "ròka"
},
{
"lang": "Lithuanian",
"lang_code": "lt",
"word": "rankà"
},
{
"lang": "Samogitian",
"lang_code": "sgs",
"word": "ronka"
}
],
"lang": "East Baltic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
},
{
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"word": "*rǭkà"
},
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "rancko"
},
{
"lang": "Old Prussian",
"lang_code": "prg",
"word": "rānkan"
}
],
"lang": "West Baltic",
"lang_code": "unknown"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*wrenk-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*wrónk-eh₂"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *wrónk-eh₂",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*wranhō",
"t": "angle, corner, nook"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *wranhō (“angle, corner, nook”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "branca"
},
"expansion": "Latin branca",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "branch"
},
"expansion": "English branch",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "rinkti",
"3": "riñkti",
"t": "to gather"
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian riñkti (“to gather”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *wrónk-eh₂ or *rónk-eh₂. This appears to be derived from a verbal root *wrenk- or *renk-, with further appurtenance outside of Balto-Slavic uncertain.\nAccording to Karulis, the root is *wrenk- and derived from the zero grade of a root *wer- (“to turn, to bend”). The original meaning was then “bent, bending (organ, limb)”. Compare Proto-Germanic *wranhō (“angle, corner, nook”) and Latin branca, whence English branch.\nAccording to Derksen and Kümmel, the root in question is found in Lithuanian riñkti (“to gather”); see there for more possible cognates.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-a-f-fixed",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ā-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾n",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾s",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāu⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkōn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāu⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾su",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mā⁽ˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāˀn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾māˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mīˀs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ránka",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkāiˀ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ránkās",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-bsl-pro",
"2": "noun",
"cat2": "",
"g": "f",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": ""
},
"expansion": "*ránkāˀ f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ránk"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-a-f-fixed"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*ránkāˀ",
"10": "ránkāu⁽ˀ⁾",
"11": "ránkāu⁽ˀ⁾",
"12": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mā⁽ˀ⁾",
"13": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾māˀ",
"14": "ránkāiˀ",
"15": "ránkās",
"16": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾ns",
"17": "ránkōn",
"18": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾su",
"19": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mas",
"2": "*ránkā⁽ˀ⁾n",
"20": "ránkā⁽ˀ⁾mīˀs",
"21": "ránkās",
"3": "*ránkā⁽ˀ⁾s",
"4": "*ránkāiˀ",
"5": "*ránkāi",
"6": "*ránkāˀn",
"7": "*ránka",
"8": "ránkāiˀ",
"9": "ránkāiˀ",
"title": "Declension of *ránkāˀ (ā-stem, fixed accent)"
},
"name": "ine-bsl-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Balto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "ine-bsl-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ránkāˀ",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Lithuanian links with redundant target parameters",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic nominals with fixed accent",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic nouns",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *wrenk-",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Balto-Slavic ā-stem nouns",
"ine-bsl-pro:Body parts"
],
"glosses": [
"hand, arm"
],
"links": [
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"arm",
"arm"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben",
"Rick Derksen"
]
}
],
"word": "ránkāˀ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ránkāˀ meaning in Proto-Balto-Slavic (5.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Balto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.