"ler" meaning in Portuguese

See ler in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈle(ʁ)/ [Brazil], [ˈle(h)] [Brazil], /ˈle(ʁ)/ [Brazil], [ˈle(h)] [Brazil], /ˈle(ɾ)/ [São-Paulo], /ˈle(ʁ)/ [Rio-de-Janeiro], [ˈle(χ)] [Rio-de-Janeiro], /ˈle(ɻ)/ [Southern-Brazil], /ˈleɾ/ [Portugal], /ˈleɾ/ [Portugal], /ˈle.ɾi/ [Portugal, Southern]
Etymology: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere (“to read”). Compare Galician ler and Spanish leer. Etymology templates: {{root|pt|ine-pro|*leǵ-}}, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pt|roa-opt|leer|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Galician-Portuguese leer, {{inh+|pt|roa-opt|leer}} Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, {{inh|pt|la|lego|legere|t=to read}} Latin legere (“to read”), {{cog|gl|ler}} Galician ler, {{cog|es|leer}} Spanish leer Head templates: {{pt-verb}} ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite li, past participle lido) Inflection templates: {{pt-conj}} Forms: leio [first-person, present, singular], li [first-person, preterite, singular], lido [participle, past], irregular [table-tags], ler [impersonal, infinitive], ler [first-person, infinitive, singular], leres [infinitive, second-person, singular], ler [infinitive, singular, third-person], lermos [first-person, infinitive, plural], lerdes [infinitive, plural, second-person], lerem [infinitive, plural, third-person], lendo [gerund], lido [masculine, participle, past, singular], lidos [masculine, participle, past, plural], lida [feminine, participle, past, singular], lidas [feminine, participle, past, plural], leio [first-person, indicative, present, singular], lês [indicative, present, second-person, singular], [indicative, present, singular, third-person], lemos [first-person, indicative, plural, present], ledes [indicative, plural, present, second-person], leem [indicative, plural, present, third-person], lêem [indicative, plural, present, third-person], lia [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], lias [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], lia [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], líamos [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], líeis [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], liam [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], li [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], leste [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], leu [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], lemos [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], lestes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], leram [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], lera [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], leras [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], lera [indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], lêramos [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], lêreis [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], leram [indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], lerei [first-person, future, indicative, singular], lerás [future, indicative, second-person, singular], lerá [future, indicative, singular, third-person], leremos [first-person, future, indicative, plural], lereis [future, indicative, plural, second-person], lerão [future, indicative, plural, third-person], leria [conditional, first-person, singular], lerias [conditional, second-person, singular], leria [conditional, singular, third-person], leríamos [conditional, first-person, plural], leríeis [conditional, plural, second-person], leriam [conditional, plural, third-person], leia [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], leias [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], leia [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], leiamos [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], leiais [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], leiam [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], lesse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], lesses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], lesse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], lêssemos [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], lêsseis [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], lessem [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], ler [first-person, future, singular, subjunctive], leres [future, second-person, singular, subjunctive], ler [future, singular, subjunctive, third-person], lermos [first-person, future, plural, subjunctive], lerdes [future, plural, second-person, subjunctive], lerem [future, plural, subjunctive, third-person], [imperative, second-person, singular], leia [imperative, singular, third-person], leiamos [first-person, imperative, plural], lede [imperative, plural, second-person], leiam [imperative, plural, third-person], não leias [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], não leia [imperative, negative, singular, third-person], não leiamos [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], não leiais [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], não leiam [imperative, negative, plural, third-person]
  1. to read (to look at and interpret written information)
    Sense id: en-ler-pt-verb-T6LyeQ6d
  2. to read (to speak aloud written information)
    Sense id: en-ler-pt-verb-WcMt67fQ
  3. (computing) to read (to fetch data from) Categories (topical): Computing
    Sense id: en-ler-pt-verb-DMVYpmQY Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header, Portuguese verbs ending in -er Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 21 15 55 9 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs ending in -er: 21 20 35 24 Topics: computing, engineering, mathematics, natural-sciences, physical-sciences, sciences
  4. (reflexive, of text) to read (to be interpreted or read in a particular way) Tags: reflexive
    Sense id: en-ler-pt-verb-xHjAIYWS
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ledor, reler

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for ler meaning in Portuguese (12.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "ledor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "reler"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mzs",
            "2": "lê"
          },
          "expansion": "Macanese: lê",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macanese: lê"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mjb",
            "2": "leh",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "to read"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Makalero: leh (“to read”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Makalero: leh (“to read”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "leer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese leer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "leer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "lego",
        "4": "legere",
        "t": "to read"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin legere (“to read”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "ler"
      },
      "expansion": "Galician ler",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "leer"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish leer",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere (“to read”). Compare Galician ler and Spanish leer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "leio",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "li",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lido",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pt-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lermos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lendo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lido",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lidos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lidas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lês",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lê",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "líamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "líeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "li",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêramos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêreis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leremos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lereis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerão",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leria",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leria",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leríamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leríeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leriam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lesses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêssemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêsseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lessem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lermos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lê",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leiamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leiais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leiam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite li, past participle lido)",
      "name": "pt-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ler"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pt-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "atril"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "legenda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "legível"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leitor"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leitoril"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "leitura"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lenda"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "léxico"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lição"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lignite"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "-logia"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "lógico"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to read (to look at and interpret written information)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ler-pt-verb-T6LyeQ6d",
      "links": [
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to read (to speak aloud written information)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ler-pt-verb-WcMt67fQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pt",
          "name": "Computing",
          "orig": "pt:Computing",
          "parents": [
            "Technology",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 15 55 9",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "21 20 35 24",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to read (to fetch data from)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ler-pt-verb-DMVYpmQY",
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(computing) to read (to fetch data from)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to read (to be interpreted or read in a particular way)"
      ],
      "id": "en-ler-pt-verb-xHjAIYWS",
      "links": [
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, of text) to read (to be interpreted or read in a particular way)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of text"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈle(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈle(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ɾ)/",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈle(χ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ɻ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈleɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈleɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle.ɾi/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "lê (Brazil)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ler"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Portuguese 1-syllable words",
    "Portuguese 2-syllable words",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese irregular verbs",
    "Portuguese lemmas",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Portuguese terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leǵ-",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Portuguese terms with homophones",
    "Portuguese verbs",
    "Portuguese verbs ending in -er"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ledor"
    },
    {
      "word": "reler"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mzs",
            "2": "lê"
          },
          "expansion": "Macanese: lê",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macanese: lê"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mjb",
            "2": "leh",
            "bor": "1",
            "t": "to read"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Makalero: leh (“to read”)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Makalero: leh (“to read”)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*leǵ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "leer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese leer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "leer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "lego",
        "4": "legere",
        "t": "to read"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin legere (“to read”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gl",
        "2": "ler"
      },
      "expansion": "Galician ler",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "es",
        "2": "leer"
      },
      "expansion": "Spanish leer",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere (“to read”). Compare Galician ler and Spanish leer.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "leio",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "li",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lido",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "irregular",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pt-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lermos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lendo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lido",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lidos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lidas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leio",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lês",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lê",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ledes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "líamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "líeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "liam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "li",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lestes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêramos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêreis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leremos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lereis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerão",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leria",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leria",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leríamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leríeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leriam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lesses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêssemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lêsseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lessem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ler",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lermos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lerem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lê",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "lede",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "leiam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leiamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leiais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não leiam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite li, past participle lido)",
      "name": "pt-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "ler"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pt-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "atril"
    },
    {
      "word": "legenda"
    },
    {
      "word": "legível"
    },
    {
      "word": "leitor"
    },
    {
      "word": "leitoril"
    },
    {
      "word": "leitura"
    },
    {
      "word": "lenda"
    },
    {
      "word": "léxico"
    },
    {
      "word": "lição"
    },
    {
      "word": "lignite"
    },
    {
      "word": "-logia"
    },
    {
      "word": "lógico"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to read (to look at and interpret written information)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to read (to speak aloud written information)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "pt:Computing"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to read (to fetch data from)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "computing",
          "computing#Noun"
        ],
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(computing) to read (to fetch data from)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "computing",
        "engineering",
        "mathematics",
        "natural-sciences",
        "physical-sciences",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to read (to be interpreted or read in a particular way)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "read",
          "read"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, of text) to read (to be interpreted or read in a particular way)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "of text"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈle(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈle(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ɾ)/",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈle(χ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle(ɻ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈleɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈleɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈle.ɾi/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "homophone": "lê (Brazil)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "ler"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Portuguese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (a644e18 and edd475d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.