"crescer" meaning in Portuguese

See crescer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /kɾeˈse(ʁ)/ [Brazil], [kɾeˈse(h)] [Brazil], /kɾeˈse(ʁ)/ [Brazil], [kɾeˈse(h)] [Brazil], /kɾeˈse(ɾ)/ [São-Paulo], /kɾeˈse(ʁ)/ [Rio-de-Janeiro], [kɾeˈse(χ)] [Rio-de-Janeiro], /kɾeˈse(ɻ)/ [Southern-Brazil], /kɾɨʃˈseɾ/ [Portugal], /kɾɨˈseɾ/ [Portugal], /kɾɨʃˈseɾ/ [Portugal], /kɾɨˈseɾ/ [Portugal], /kɾɨʃˈse.ɾi/ [Portugal, Southern], /kɾɨˈse.ɾi/ [Portugal, Southern], /kɾe.ˈse(h)/ [Nordestino]
Etymology: Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese crecer, from Latin crēscere (“to grow”), from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”). Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pt|roa-opt|crecer|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old Galician-Portuguese crecer, {{inh+|pt|roa-opt|crecer}} Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese crecer, {{inh|pt|la|cresco|crēscere|to grow}} Latin crēscere (“to grow”), {{inh|pt|itc-pro|*krēskō}} Proto-Italic *krēskō, {{der|pt|ine-pro|*ḱer-|*ḱreh₁-|to grow, become bigger}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”) Head templates: {{pt-verb}} crescer (first-person singular present cresço, first-person singular preterite cresci, past participle crescido) Inflection templates: {{pt-conj}} Forms: cresço [first-person, present, singular], cresci [first-person, preterite, singular], crescido [participle, past], no-table-tags [table-tags], crescer [impersonal, infinitive], crescer [first-person, infinitive, singular], cresceres [infinitive, second-person, singular], crescer [infinitive, singular, third-person], crescermos [first-person, infinitive, plural], crescerdes [infinitive, plural, second-person], crescerem [infinitive, plural, third-person], crescendo [gerund], crescido [masculine, participle, past, singular], crescidos [masculine, participle, past, plural], crescida [feminine, participle, past, singular], crescidas [feminine, participle, past, plural], cresço [first-person, indicative, present, singular], cresces [indicative, present, second-person, singular], cresce [indicative, present, singular, third-person], crescemos [first-person, indicative, plural, present], cresceis [indicative, plural, present, second-person], crescem [indicative, plural, present, third-person], crescia [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], crescias [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], crescia [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], crescíamos [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], crescíeis [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], cresciam [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], cresci [first-person, indicative, preterite, singular], cresceste [indicative, preterite, second-person, singular], cresceu [indicative, preterite, singular, third-person], crescemos [first-person, indicative, plural, preterite], crescestes [indicative, plural, preterite, second-person], cresceram [indicative, plural, preterite, third-person], crescera [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], cresceras [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], crescera [indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], crescêramos [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], crescêreis [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], cresceram [indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], crescerei [first-person, future, indicative, singular], crescerás [future, indicative, second-person, singular], crescerá [future, indicative, singular, third-person], cresceremos [first-person, future, indicative, plural], crescereis [future, indicative, plural, second-person], crescerão [future, indicative, plural, third-person], cresceria [conditional, first-person, singular], crescerias [conditional, second-person, singular], cresceria [conditional, singular, third-person], cresceríamos [conditional, first-person, plural], cresceríeis [conditional, plural, second-person], cresceriam [conditional, plural, third-person], cresça [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], cresças [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], cresça [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], cresçamos [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], cresçais [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], cresçam [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], crescesse [first-person, imperfect, singular, subjunctive], crescesses [imperfect, second-person, singular, subjunctive], crescesse [imperfect, singular, subjunctive, third-person], crescêssemos [first-person, imperfect, plural, subjunctive], crescêsseis [imperfect, plural, second-person, subjunctive], crescessem [imperfect, plural, subjunctive, third-person], crescer [first-person, future, singular, subjunctive], cresceres [future, second-person, singular, subjunctive], crescer [future, singular, subjunctive, third-person], crescermos [first-person, future, plural, subjunctive], crescerdes [future, plural, second-person, subjunctive], crescerem [future, plural, subjunctive, third-person], cresce [imperative, second-person, singular], cresça [imperative, singular, third-person], cresçamos [first-person, imperative, plural], crescei [imperative, plural, second-person], cresçam [imperative, plural, third-person], não cresças [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], não cresça [imperative, negative, singular, third-person], não cresçamos [first-person, imperative, negative, plural], não cresçais [imperative, negative, plural, second-person], não cresçam [imperative, negative, plural, third-person]
  1. (intransitive) to grow (become bigger or taller) Tags: intransitive Synonyms: expandir, aumentar
    Sense id: en-crescer-pt-verb-h8luL943 Categories (other): Portuguese entries with incorrect language header, Portuguese verbs ending in -er, Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation Disambiguation of Portuguese entries with incorrect language header: 43 16 24 17 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs ending in -er: 31 28 26 16 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation: 15 28 30 27
  2. (intransitive) to grow up (to become older) Tags: intransitive Synonyms: medrar
    Sense id: en-crescer-pt-verb-rE~y0Xdo Categories (other): Portuguese verbs ending in -er, Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs ending in -er: 31 28 26 16 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation: 15 28 30 27
  3. (intransitive) to grow in number or extent Tags: intransitive Synonyms: aumentar, multiplicar, multiplicar-se, expandir, subir
    Sense id: en-crescer-pt-verb-4PcM5wwp Categories (other): Portuguese verbs ending in -er, Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs ending in -er: 31 28 26 16 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation: 15 28 30 27
  4. (intransitive) to become more important (within a group or context) Tags: intransitive
    Sense id: en-crescer-pt-verb-cJI9uOng Categories (other): Portuguese verbs ending in -er, Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs ending in -er: 31 28 26 16 Disambiguation of Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation: 15 28 30 27
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: crecer [obsolete] Related terms: crescente, crescido, crescimento

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for crescer meaning in Portuguese (13.9kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "crecer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese crecer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "crecer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese crecer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "cresco",
        "4": "crēscere",
        "5": "to grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crēscere (“to grow”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*krēskō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *krēskō",
      "name": "inh"
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    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱer-",
        "4": "*ḱreh₁-",
        "5": "to grow, become bigger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese crecer, from Latin crēscere (“to grow”), from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cresço",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresci",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
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    },
    {
      "form": "crescido",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
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    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "table-tags"
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      "form": "pt-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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      "form": "c-ç alternation",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
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    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
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        "infinitive"
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    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
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        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
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    {
      "form": "cresceres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescermos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescendo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescido",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescidos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescidas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresço",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresces",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescíamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescíeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescestes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescêramos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescêreis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceremos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescereis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerão",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceria",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceria",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceríamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceríeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceriam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresça",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresças",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresça",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescesses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescêssemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescêsseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescessem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescermos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresça",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresças",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresça",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresçamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresçais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresçam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "crescer (first-person singular present cresço, first-person singular preterite cresci, past participle crescido)",
      "name": "pt-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cres‧cer"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pt-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescente"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescido"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "word": "crescimento"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "decrescer"
        },
        {
          "word": "diminuir"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "43 16 24 17",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "31 28 26 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 28 30 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Unfortunately, the tumor has gotten much bigger.",
          "text": "Infelizmente, o tumor cresceu bastante.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow (become bigger or taller)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescer-pt-verb-h8luL943",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow (become bigger or taller)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "expandir"
        },
        {
          "word": "aumentar"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 28 26 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 28 30 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The child will grow up and become an adult.",
          "text": "A criança crescerá e tornar-se-á um adulto.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow up (to become older)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescer-pt-verb-rE~y0Xdo",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow up",
          "grow up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow up (to become older)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "medrar"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "decrescer"
        },
        {
          "word": "diminuir"
        },
        {
          "word": "baixar"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 28 26 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 28 30 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Roman population grew during the empire.",
          "text": "A população romana cresceu durante o império.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow in number or extent"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescer-pt-verb-4PcM5wwp",
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow in number or extent"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "aumentar"
        },
        {
          "word": "multiplicar"
        },
        {
          "word": "multiplicar-se"
        },
        {
          "word": "expandir"
        },
        {
          "word": "subir"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "31 28 26 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs ending in -er",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "15 28 30 27",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Her comments made her more notorious in international politics.",
          "text": "Seus comentários fizeram-na crescer na política internacional.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become more important (within a group or context)"
      ],
      "id": "en-crescer-pt-verb-cJI9uOng",
      "links": [
        [
          "important",
          "important"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to become more important (within a group or context)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɾeˈse(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɾeˈse(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ɾ)/",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɾeˈse(χ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ɻ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨʃˈseɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨˈseɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨʃˈseɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨˈseɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨʃˈse.ɾi/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨˈse.ɾi/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾe.ˈse(h)/",
      "tags": [
        "Nordestino"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "crecer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescer"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Portuguese 2-syllable words",
    "Portuguese 3-syllable words",
    "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Portuguese lemmas",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Portuguese terms derived from Proto-Italic",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Latin",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese",
    "Portuguese terms inherited from Proto-Italic",
    "Portuguese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Portuguese verbs",
    "Portuguese verbs ending in -er",
    "Portuguese verbs with c-ç alternation"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "crecer",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese crecer",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "roa-opt",
        "3": "crecer"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese crecer",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "cresco",
        "4": "crēscere",
        "5": "to grow"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin crēscere (“to grow”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "itc-pro",
        "3": "*krēskō"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Italic *krēskō",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pt",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱer-",
        "4": "*ḱreh₁-",
        "5": "to grow, become bigger"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese crecer, from Latin crēscere (“to grow”), from Proto-Italic *krēskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ḱreh₁- (“to grow, become bigger”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cresço",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresci",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescido",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pt-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c-ç alternation",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescermos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "infinitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescendo",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescido",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescidos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescida",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescidas",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresço",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresces",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescia",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescíamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescíeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresciam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresci",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "preterite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescestes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "preterite",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceras",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescera",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescêramos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescêreis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerás",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerá",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceremos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescereis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerão",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceria",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerias",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceria",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceríamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceríeis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceriam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresça",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresças",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresça",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescesses",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescesse",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescêssemos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescêsseis",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescessem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresceres",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescer",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescermos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerdes",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescerem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresce",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresça",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "crescei",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cresçam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresças",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresça",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresçamos",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresçais",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "não cresçam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "crescer (first-person singular present cresço, first-person singular preterite cresci, past participle crescido)",
      "name": "pt-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "cres‧cer"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "pt-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Portuguese",
  "lang_code": "pt",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "crescente"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescido"
    },
    {
      "word": "crescimento"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "decrescer"
        },
        {
          "word": "diminuir"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese intransitive verbs",
        "Portuguese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Unfortunately, the tumor has gotten much bigger.",
          "text": "Infelizmente, o tumor cresceu bastante.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow (become bigger or taller)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow (become bigger or taller)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "expandir"
        },
        {
          "word": "aumentar"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese intransitive verbs",
        "Portuguese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The child will grow up and become an adult.",
          "text": "A criança crescerá e tornar-se-á um adulto.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow up (to become older)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow up",
          "grow up"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow up (to become older)"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "medrar"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "antonyms": [
        {
          "word": "decrescer"
        },
        {
          "word": "diminuir"
        },
        {
          "word": "baixar"
        }
      ],
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese intransitive verbs",
        "Portuguese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Roman population grew during the empire.",
          "text": "A população romana cresceu durante o império.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to grow in number or extent"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "grow",
          "grow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to grow in number or extent"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "aumentar"
        },
        {
          "word": "multiplicar"
        },
        {
          "word": "multiplicar-se"
        },
        {
          "word": "expandir"
        },
        {
          "word": "subir"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Portuguese intransitive verbs",
        "Portuguese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Her comments made her more notorious in international politics.",
          "text": "Seus comentários fizeram-na crescer na política internacional.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to become more important (within a group or context)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "important",
          "important"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive) to become more important (within a group or context)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɾeˈse(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɾeˈse(h)]",
      "tags": [
        "Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ɾ)/",
      "tags": [
        "São-Paulo"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ʁ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɾeˈse(χ)]",
      "tags": [
        "Rio-de-Janeiro"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾeˈse(ɻ)/",
      "tags": [
        "Southern-Brazil"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨʃˈseɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨˈseɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨʃˈseɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨˈseɾ/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨʃˈse.ɾi/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾɨˈse.ɾi/",
      "tags": [
        "Portugal",
        "Southern"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/kɾe.ˈse(h)/",
      "tags": [
        "Nordestino"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "crecer"
    }
  ],
  "word": "crescer"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Portuguese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.