See zwrócić in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for zwrócić meaning in Polish (17.6kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zwrócić słowo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zwracać słowo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zwrócić uwagę"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zwracać uwagę"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zwrócić",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish zwrócić",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zwrócić"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zwrócić",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "z-",
"3": "wrócić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + wrócić",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zwrócić. By surface analysis, z- + wrócić.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zwracać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ap-ić",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócić",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócimy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócisz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócicie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróci się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócilibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócilibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócono by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zwrócę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróćmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróćcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zwróci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zwrócą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócony",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócona",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróceni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciwszy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"anterior",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócenie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "zwracać"
},
"expansion": "zwrócić pf (imperfective zwracać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"zwró‧cić"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zwró",
"2": "c",
"3": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap-ić"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zwrócić",
"2": "zwrócę",
"3": "zwróci",
"4": "zwrócą",
"5": "zwróci",
"6": "zwróci",
"7": "zwróci",
"8": "zwróć",
"ap": "zwróciwszy",
"ip": "zwrócono",
"pp": "zwrócon",
"pp2": "zwróceni",
"vn": "zwrócenie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession) [+dative = to whom]",
"to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-fPeKnYPG",
"links": [
[
"give back",
"give back"
],
[
"return",
"return"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ditransitive) to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession) [+dative = to whom]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "oddać"
}
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 11 6 4 9 8 4 8 5 6 10 7 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 28 5 1 21 3 4 9 5 5 5 3 2 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Medical signs and symptoms",
"orig": "pl:Medical signs and symptoms",
"parents": [
"Health",
"Pathology",
"Body",
"Medicine",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to an company, person, or institution) [+dative = to whom]",
"to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to an company, person, or institution)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-K7QxU3Pg",
"links": [
[
"turn in",
"turn in"
],
[
"pay",
"pay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to an company, person, or institution) [+dative = to whom]"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent) [+ do (genitive) = to what store]",
"to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-Tc4X2hVV",
"links": [
[
"give back",
"give back"
],
[
"return",
"return"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent) [+ do (genitive) = to what store]"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-4piy-cNR",
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"shift",
"shift"
],
[
"swing",
"swing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "odwrócić"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 11 6 4 9 8 4 8 5 6 10 7 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 15 5 1 31 5 6 13 3 4 7 3 2 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Bodily fluids",
"orig": "pl:Bodily fluids",
"parents": [
"Body parts",
"Liquids",
"Body",
"Anatomy",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Sciences",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to vomit, to throw up"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-E9hwbPOi",
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit"
],
[
"throw up",
"throw up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to vomit, to throw up"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zwymiotować"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial) [+dative = to whom]",
"to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-D~dhDySJ",
"links": [
[
"give back",
"give back"
],
[
"return",
"return"
],
[
"restore",
"restore"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(detransitive) to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial) [+dative = to whom]"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Computing",
"orig": "pl:Computing",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-BN03RaN0",
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"return",
"return"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computing) to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure)"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 11 8 1 4 6 10 24 2 4 11 3 3 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-0h7WZgHz",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"return",
"return"
],
[
"given back",
"give back"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wrócić"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "obrócić"
},
{
"word": "odwrócić"
}
],
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-O2xnT28g",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to turn to (to begin speaking to someone) [+ do (genitive) = to whom]",
"to turn to (to begin speaking to someone)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-V0vlcOpc",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn to",
"turn to"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn to (to begin speaking to someone) [+ do (genitive) = to whom]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "odezwać"
},
{
"word": "ozwać"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 11 6 4 9 8 4 8 5 6 10 7 6 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to turn to (to direct a request) [+ do (genitive) = to whom], [+ z (instrumental) = with what], [+ po (accusative)], or [+ o (accusative) = for what], [+ żeby (infinitive/past tense) = to do what]",
"to turn to (to direct a request) [+ do (genitive) = to whom], [+ z (instrumental) = with what], [+ po (accusative)], or [+ o (accusative) = for what],"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-gBaApDkS",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn to",
"turn to"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
],
[
"z",
"z#Polish"
],
[
"po",
"po#Polish"
],
[
"o",
"o#Polish"
],
[
"żeby",
"żeby#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn to (to direct a request) [+ do (genitive) = to whom], [+ z (instrumental) = with what], [+ po (accusative)], or [+ o (accusative) = for what], [+ żeby (infinitive/past tense) = to do what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to turn against (to work or act against someone) [+ przeciwko (dative) = against whom/what]",
"to turn against (to work or act against someone)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-~N9CeGvk",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn against",
"turn against"
],
[
"przeciwko",
"przeciwko#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn against (to work or act against someone) [+ przeciwko (dative) = against whom/what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to turn to (to become interested in) [+ do (genitive)] or [+ ku (dative) = to what]",
"to turn to (to become interested in) [+ do (genitive)] or"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-e~PFSan-",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn to",
"turn to"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
],
[
"ku",
"ku#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn to (to become interested in) [+ do (genitive)] or [+ ku (dative) = to what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"to turn around (to change one's direction)"
],
"id": "en-zwrócić-pl-verb-M0bTeNYC",
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn around",
"turn around"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to turn around (to change one's direction)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzvru.t͡ɕit͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ut͡ɕit͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "zwrócić"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish perfective verbs",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms prefixed with z-",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish verbs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ut͡ɕit͡ɕ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ut͡ɕit͡ɕ/2 syllables",
"pl:Bodily fluids",
"pl:Medical signs and symptoms"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zwrócić słowo"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zwracać słowo"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective"
],
"word": "zwrócić uwagę"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "zwracać uwagę"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zwrócić",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish zwrócić",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "zwrócić"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish zwrócić",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "z-",
"3": "wrócić"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + wrócić",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish zwrócić. By surface analysis, z- + wrócić.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "zwracać",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "perfective",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-conj-ap-ić",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócić",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócimy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócisz",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócicie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróci się",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"future",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłem",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłam",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłom",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)m zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciliśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)śmy zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłeś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłaś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłoś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ś zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciliście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-(e)ście zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"nonvirile",
"past",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócono",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"impersonal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłbym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłabym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłobym",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bym zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócilibyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłybyśmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byśmy zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłbyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłabyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłobyś",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "byś zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócilibyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłybyście",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "byście zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwrócił",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"masculine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłaby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwróciła",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"feminine",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłoby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwróciło",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"neuter",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciliby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwrócili",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"plural",
"third-person",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciłyby",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "by zwróciły",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"nonvirile",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócono by",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"impersonal"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zwrócę",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróćmy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróć",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróćcie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zwróci",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "niech zwrócą",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócony",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"masculine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócona",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"feminine",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"neuter",
"participle",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróceni",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural",
"virile"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócone",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adjectival",
"nonvirile",
"participle",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "zwróciwszy",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"adverbial",
"anterior",
"participle"
]
},
{
"form": "zwrócenie",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"noun-from-verb"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pf",
"impf": "zwracać"
},
"expansion": "zwrócić pf (imperfective zwracać)",
"name": "pl-verb"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"zwró‧cić"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zwró",
"2": "c",
"3": "pp"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap-ić"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zwrócić",
"2": "zwrócę",
"3": "zwróci",
"4": "zwrócą",
"5": "zwróci",
"6": "zwróci",
"7": "zwróci",
"8": "zwróć",
"ap": "zwróciwszy",
"ip": "zwrócono",
"pp": "zwrócon",
"pp2": "zwróceni",
"vn": "zwrócenie"
},
"name": "pl-conj-ap"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish ditransitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession) [+dative = to whom]",
"to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession)"
],
"links": [
[
"give back",
"give back"
],
[
"return",
"return"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(ditransitive) to give back, to return (to place back into the original owner's possession) [+dative = to whom]"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "oddać"
}
],
"tags": [
"ditransitive",
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to an company, person, or institution) [+dative = to whom]",
"to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to an company, person, or institution)"
],
"links": [
[
"turn in",
"turn in"
],
[
"pay",
"pay"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to turn in, to pay (to give a sum of money owed to an company, person, or institution) [+dative = to whom]"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent) [+ do (genitive) = to what store]",
"to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent)"
],
"links": [
[
"give back",
"give back"
],
[
"return",
"return"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to give back, to return (to give a purchased item back to a store in the hopes to regain the money spent) [+ do (genitive) = to what store]"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction)"
],
"links": [
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"shift",
"shift"
],
[
"swing",
"swing"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to turn, to shift, to swing (to change one's direction)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "odwrócić"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to vomit, to throw up"
],
"links": [
[
"vomit",
"vomit"
],
[
"throw up",
"throw up"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive) to vomit, to throw up"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "zwymiotować"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial) [+dative = to whom]",
"to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial)"
],
"links": [
[
"give back",
"give back"
],
[
"return",
"return"
],
[
"restore",
"restore"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(detransitive) to give back, to return, to restore (to cause someone to regain something immaterial) [+dative = to whom]"
],
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish transitive verbs",
"pl:Computing"
],
"glosses": [
"to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure)"
],
"links": [
[
"computing",
"computing#Noun"
],
[
"return",
"return"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(transitive, computing) to return (to pass data back to the calling procedure)"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"transitive"
],
"topics": [
"computing",
"engineering",
"mathematics",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"return",
"return"
],
[
"given back",
"give back"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to be returned, to be given back (to give someone paid costs)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "wrócić"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "obrócić"
},
{
"word": "odwrócić"
}
],
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn (to point one's body or more specifically one's head in some direction)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn to (to begin speaking to someone) [+ do (genitive) = to whom]",
"to turn to (to begin speaking to someone)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn to",
"turn to"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn to (to begin speaking to someone) [+ do (genitive) = to whom]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "odezwać"
},
{
"word": "ozwać"
}
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn to (to direct a request) [+ do (genitive) = to whom], [+ z (instrumental) = with what], [+ po (accusative)], or [+ o (accusative) = for what], [+ żeby (infinitive/past tense) = to do what]",
"to turn to (to direct a request) [+ do (genitive) = to whom], [+ z (instrumental) = with what], [+ po (accusative)], or [+ o (accusative) = for what],"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn to",
"turn to"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
],
[
"z",
"z#Polish"
],
[
"po",
"po#Polish"
],
[
"o",
"o#Polish"
],
[
"żeby",
"żeby#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn to (to direct a request) [+ do (genitive) = to whom], [+ z (instrumental) = with what], [+ po (accusative)], or [+ o (accusative) = for what], [+ żeby (infinitive/past tense) = to do what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn against (to work or act against someone) [+ przeciwko (dative) = against whom/what]",
"to turn against (to work or act against someone)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn against",
"turn against"
],
[
"przeciwko",
"przeciwko#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn against (to work or act against someone) [+ przeciwko (dative) = against whom/what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn to (to become interested in) [+ do (genitive)] or [+ ku (dative) = to what]",
"to turn to (to become interested in) [+ do (genitive)] or"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn to",
"turn to"
],
[
"do",
"do#Polish"
],
[
"ku",
"ku#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się) to turn to (to become interested in) [+ do (genitive)] or [+ ku (dative) = to what]"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish reflexive verbs",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to turn around (to change one's direction)"
],
"links": [
[
"się",
"się#Polish"
],
[
"turn around",
"turn around"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(reflexive with się, obsolete) to turn around (to change one's direction)"
],
"raw_tags": [
"with się"
],
"tags": [
"obsolete",
"perfective",
"reflexive"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈzvru.t͡ɕit͡ɕ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ut͡ɕit͡ɕ"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "zwrócić"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.