"zdumieć" meaning in Polish

See zdumieć in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /ˈzdu.mjɛt͡ɕ/
Rhymes: -umjɛt͡ɕ Etymology: Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti. By surface analysis, z- + umieć. The epenthetic d was inserted under influence of dumać and words such as zdrój or zdrada. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|pl|sla-pro|*jьz-uměti|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti, {{inh+|pl|sla-pro|*jьz-uměti}} Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti, {{surf|pl|z-|umieć}} By surface analysis, z- + umieć, {{m|pl|dumać}} dumać, {{m|pl|zdrój}} zdrój, {{m|pl|zdrada}} zdrada Head templates: {{pl-verb|pf|impf=zdumiewać}} zdumieć pf (imperfective zdumiewać) Inflection templates: {{pl-conj-ap-eję|zdumi|pp}}, {{pl-conj-ap|zdumieć|zdumieję|zdumieje|zdumieją|zdumia|zdumia|zdumie|zdumiej|ap=zdumiawszy|ip=zdumiano|pp=zdumian|pp2=zdumiani|vn=zdumienie}} Forms: zdumiewać [imperfective], perfective [table-tags], zdumieć [infinitive], zdumieję [future, singular], zdumiejemy [future, plural], zdumiejesz [future, singular], zdumiejecie [future, plural], zdumieje [future, singular, third-person], zdumieją [future, plural, third-person], zdumieje się [future, impersonal], zdumiałem [masculine, past, singular], -(e)m zdumiał [masculine, past, singular], zdumiałam [feminine, past, singular], -(e)m zdumiała [feminine, past, singular], zdumiałom [neuter, past, singular], -(e)m zdumiało [neuter, past, singular], zdumieliśmy [past, plural, virile], -(e)śmy zdumieli [past, plural, virile], zdumiałyśmy [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)śmy zdumiały [nonvirile, past, plural], zdumiałeś [masculine, past, singular], -(e)ś zdumiał [masculine, past, singular], zdumiałaś [feminine, past, singular], -(e)ś zdumiała [feminine, past, singular], zdumiałoś [neuter, past, singular], -(e)ś zdumiało [neuter, past, singular], zdumieliście [past, plural, virile], -(e)ście zdumieli [past, plural, virile], zdumiałyście [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)ście zdumiały [nonvirile, past, plural], zdumiał [masculine, past, singular, third-person], zdumiała [feminine, past, singular, third-person], zdumiało [neuter, past, singular, third-person], zdumieli [past, plural, third-person, virile], zdumiały [nonvirile, past, plural, third-person], zdumiano [impersonal, past], zdumiałbym [conditional, masculine, singular], bym zdumiał [conditional, masculine, singular], zdumiałabym [conditional, feminine, singular], bym zdumiała [conditional, feminine, singular], zdumiałobym [conditional, neuter, singular], bym zdumiało [conditional, neuter, singular], zdumielibyśmy [conditional, plural, virile], byśmy zdumieli [conditional, plural, virile], zdumiałybyśmy [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byśmy zdumiały [conditional, nonvirile, plural], zdumiałbyś [conditional, masculine, singular], byś zdumiał [conditional, masculine, singular], zdumiałabyś [conditional, feminine, singular], byś zdumiała [conditional, feminine, singular], zdumiałobyś [conditional, neuter, singular], byś zdumiało [conditional, neuter, singular], zdumielibyście [conditional, plural, virile], byście zdumieli [conditional, plural, virile], zdumiałybyście [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byście zdumiały [conditional, nonvirile, plural], zdumiałby [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], by zdumiał [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], zdumiałaby [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], by zdumiała [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], zdumiałoby [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], by zdumiało [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], zdumieliby [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], by zdumieli [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], zdumiałyby [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], by zdumiały [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], zdumiano by [conditional, impersonal], niech zdumieję [imperative, singular], zdumiejmy [imperative, plural], zdumiej [imperative, singular], zdumiejcie [imperative, plural], niech zdumieje [imperative, singular, third-person], niech zdumieją [imperative, plural, third-person], zdumiany [adjectival, masculine, participle, passive, singular], zdumiana [adjectival, feminine, participle, passive, singular], zdumiane [adjectival, neuter, participle, passive, singular], zdumiani [adjectival, participle, passive, plural, virile], zdumiane [adjectival, nonvirile, participle, passive, plural], zdumiawszy [adverbial, anterior, participle], zdumienie [noun-from-verb]
  1. (transitive) to astonish, to amaze Tags: perfective, transitive Categories (topical): Emotions
    Sense id: en-zdumieć-pl-verb-HQoN4sWn Disambiguation of Emotions: 86 14 Categories (other): Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish terms prefixed with z- Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 81 19 Disambiguation of Polish terms prefixed with z-: 59 41
  2. (reflexive with się) to be astonished, to be amazed [+instrumental = by/at something] Tags: perfective, reflexive
    Sense id: en-zdumieć-pl-verb-97tyzrXk
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: zdumiony, zdumienie Related terms: zdumiewający, zdumiewająco

Inflected forms

Download JSON data for zdumieć meaning in Polish (10.7kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zdumiony"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zdumienie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*jьz-uměti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*jьz-uměti"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "z-",
        "3": "umieć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + umieć",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "dumać"
      },
      "expansion": "dumać",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zdrój"
      },
      "expansion": "zdrój",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zdrada"
      },
      "expansion": "zdrada",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti. By surface analysis, z- + umieć. The epenthetic d was inserted under influence of dumać and words such as zdrój or zdrada.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zdumiewać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ap-eję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejemy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejesz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejecie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieją",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieje się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumielibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumielibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiano by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiej",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieją",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiany",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiawszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumienie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "zdumiewać"
      },
      "expansion": "zdumieć pf (imperfective zdumiewać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zdu‧mieć"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdumi",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap-eję"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdumieć",
        "2": "zdumieję",
        "3": "zdumieje",
        "4": "zdumieją",
        "5": "zdumia",
        "6": "zdumia",
        "7": "zdumie",
        "8": "zdumiej",
        "ap": "zdumiawszy",
        "ip": "zdumiano",
        "pp": "zdumian",
        "pp2": "zdumiani",
        "vn": "zdumienie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zdumiewający"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "zdumiewająco"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "81 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "59 41",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "86 14",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "pl",
          "name": "Emotions",
          "orig": "pl:Emotions",
          "parents": [
            "Mind",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to astonish, to amaze"
      ],
      "id": "en-zdumieć-pl-verb-HQoN4sWn",
      "links": [
        [
          "astonish",
          "astonish"
        ],
        [
          "amaze",
          "amaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to astonish, to amaze"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to be astonished, to be amazed [+instrumental = by/at something]",
        "to be astonished, to be amazed"
      ],
      "id": "en-zdumieć-pl-verb-97tyzrXk",
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "astonish",
          "astonish"
        ],
        [
          "amaze",
          "amaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to be astonished, to be amazed [+instrumental = by/at something]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzdu.mjɛt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-umjɛt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zdumieć"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Polish 2-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish perfective verbs",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms prefixed with z-",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio links",
    "Polish verbs",
    "Rhymes:Polish/umjɛt͡ɕ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/umjɛt͡ɕ/2 syllables",
    "pl:Emotions"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "zdumiony"
    },
    {
      "word": "zdumienie"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*jьz-uměti",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "sla-pro",
        "3": "*jьz-uměti"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "z-",
        "3": "umieć"
      },
      "expansion": "By surface analysis, z- + umieć",
      "name": "surf"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "dumać"
      },
      "expansion": "dumać",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zdrój"
      },
      "expansion": "zdrój",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "zdrada"
      },
      "expansion": "zdrada",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jьz-uměti. By surface analysis, z- + umieć. The epenthetic d was inserted under influence of dumać and words such as zdrój or zdrada.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "zdumiewać",
      "tags": [
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "perfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ap-eję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieć",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejemy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejesz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejecie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieją",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieje się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumielibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumielibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumieliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumieli",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiałyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by zdumiały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiano by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieję",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiej",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiejcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech zdumieją",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiany",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumiawszy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adverbial",
        "anterior",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "zdumienie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pf",
        "impf": "zdumiewać"
      },
      "expansion": "zdumieć pf (imperfective zdumiewać)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "zdu‧mieć"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdumi",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap-eję"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "zdumieć",
        "2": "zdumieję",
        "3": "zdumieje",
        "4": "zdumieją",
        "5": "zdumia",
        "6": "zdumia",
        "7": "zdumie",
        "8": "zdumiej",
        "ap": "zdumiawszy",
        "ip": "zdumiano",
        "pp": "zdumian",
        "pp2": "zdumiani",
        "vn": "zdumienie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ap"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "zdumiewający"
    },
    {
      "word": "zdumiewająco"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to astonish, to amaze"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "astonish",
          "astonish"
        ],
        [
          "amaze",
          "amaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to astonish, to amaze"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be astonished, to be amazed [+instrumental = by/at something]",
        "to be astonished, to be amazed"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "się",
          "się#Polish"
        ],
        [
          "astonish",
          "astonish"
        ],
        [
          "amaze",
          "amaze"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive with się) to be astonished, to be amazed [+instrumental = by/at something]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with się"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "perfective",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈzdu.mjɛt͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-umjɛt͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "zdumieć"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.