See pech in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_links": [
[
"*pik-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pik-"
],
[
"*piks",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/piks"
],
[
"pix",
"pix#Latin"
],
[
"*pik",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pik"
],
[
"pëh",
"peh#Old_High_German"
],
[
"pëch",
"pech#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"Pech",
"Pech#German"
],
[
"Pech",
"Pech#German"
],
[
"pach",
"pach#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Pech",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pik-der.\nProto-Italic *piks\nLatin pixbor.\nProto-West Germanic *pik\nOld High German pëh\nMiddle High German pëch\nGerman Pechbor.\nPolish pech\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pik-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*piks\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pix\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*pik\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"pëh\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"pëch\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Pech\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"pech\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"pech\">\nBorrowed from German Pech.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pach"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of pach",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pik-der.\nProto-Italic *piks\nLatin pixbor.\nProto-West Germanic *pik\nOld High German pëh\nMiddle High German pëch\nGerman Pechbor.\nPolish pech\nBorrowed from German Pech. Doublet of pach.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pecha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pechowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pecha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pechem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pechu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pechu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "pech m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pech"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pech"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "fart"
},
{
"word": "szczęście"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 8 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pechowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pechowiec"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zapeszać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zapeszyć"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
183,
187
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
157,
164
]
],
"english": "If on a “normal” day we fall down and we don't hurt ourselves, then we say we were incredibly lucky. If this happens on Friday the 13th, then we say we were unlucky.",
"ref": "2002 December 13, Magdalena Grochowalska, “Szczęśliwa trzynastka?”, in Express Ilustrowany (journalism), Łódź: Oddział Prasa Łódzka, →ISSN:",
"text": "Jeśli w „normalny” dzień przewrócimy się i nic sobie nie zrobimy, to powiemy, że mieliśmy ogromne szczęście. Jeśli przydarzy nam się to trzynastego, w piątek, powiemy, że spotkał nas pech.",
"translation": "If on a “normal” day we fall down and we don't hurt ourselves, then we say we were incredibly lucky. If this happens on Friday the 13th, then we say we were unlucky.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad luck, misfortune"
],
"id": "en-pech-pl-noun-Gbmls51~",
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"bad luck",
"bad luck"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the singular) bad luck, misfortune"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "pechowo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pechowość"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "niefart"
},
{
"word": "nieszczęście"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"singular",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛx/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛx"
},
{
"homophone": "Pech"
}
],
"word": "pech"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "pechowy"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pechowiec"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zapeszać"
},
{
"tags": [
"perfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "zapeszyć"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*pik-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/pik-"
],
[
"*piks",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Italic/piks"
],
[
"pix",
"pix#Latin"
],
[
"*pik",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/pik"
],
[
"pëh",
"peh#Old_High_German"
],
[
"pëch",
"pech#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"Pech",
"Pech#German"
],
[
"Pech",
"Pech#German"
],
[
"pach",
"pach#Polish"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Pech",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pik-der.\nProto-Italic *piks\nLatin pixbor.\nProto-West Germanic *pik\nOld High German pëh\nMiddle High German pëch\nGerman Pechbor.\nPolish pech\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"bor.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Borrowed from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*pik-\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Italic\", \"term\" : \"*piks\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"itc-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Latin\", \"term\" : \"pix\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"la\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*pik\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"pëh\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"pëch\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Pech\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"pech\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"pech\">\nBorrowed from German Pech.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "pach"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of pach",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *pik-der.\nProto-Italic *piks\nLatin pixbor.\nProto-West Germanic *pik\nOld High German pëh\nMiddle High German pëch\nGerman Pechbor.\nPolish pech\nBorrowed from German Pech. Doublet of pach.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "pech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pecha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pechowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pecha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pechem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pechu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "pechach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "pechu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "pechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-anml"
},
"expansion": "pech m animal",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"pech"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"pech"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-anml"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adverb"
],
"word": "pechowo"
},
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "pechowość"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "fart"
},
{
"word": "szczęście"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 8 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish animal nouns",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛx",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛx/1 syllable"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
183,
187
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
157,
164
]
],
"english": "If on a “normal” day we fall down and we don't hurt ourselves, then we say we were incredibly lucky. If this happens on Friday the 13th, then we say we were unlucky.",
"ref": "2002 December 13, Magdalena Grochowalska, “Szczęśliwa trzynastka?”, in Express Ilustrowany (journalism), Łódź: Oddział Prasa Łódzka, →ISSN:",
"text": "Jeśli w „normalny” dzień przewrócimy się i nic sobie nie zrobimy, to powiemy, że mieliśmy ogromne szczęście. Jeśli przydarzy nam się to trzynastego, w piątek, powiemy, że spotkał nas pech.",
"translation": "If on a “normal” day we fall down and we don't hurt ourselves, then we say we were incredibly lucky. If this happens on Friday the 13th, then we say we were unlucky.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bad luck, misfortune"
],
"links": [
[
"singular",
"singular"
],
[
"bad luck",
"bad luck"
],
[
"misfortune",
"misfortune"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(usually in the singular) bad luck, misfortune"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "niefart"
},
{
"word": "nieszczęście"
}
],
"tags": [
"animal-not-person",
"masculine",
"singular",
"usually"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈpɛx/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛx"
},
{
"homophone": "Pech"
}
],
"word": "pech"
}
Download raw JSONL data for pech meaning in Polish (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.