"od" meaning in Polish

See od in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Preposition

IPA: /ˈɔt/, /ˈɔt/ [Middle, Polish], [ˈɔt] (note: Kielce) Forms: ode [alternative]
Rhymes: -ɔt Etymology: Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *étider. Proto-Balto-Slavic *ati Proto-Slavic *otъ Old Polish od Polish od Inherited from Old Polish od. Etymology templates: {{etymon|pl|:inh|zlw-opl:od|id=away|text=+|tree=+}} Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *étider. Proto-Balto-Slavic *ati Proto-Slavic *otъ Old Polish od Polish od [Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from", "terms" : [ { "id" : "over", "children" : [ ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Indo-European", "term" : "*éti", "lang" : "ine-pro" } ], "keyword" : "derived" } ], "lang_name" : "Proto-Balto-Slavic", "term" : "*ati", "status" : "inline", "lang" : "ine-bsl-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Proto-Slavic", "term" : "*otъ", "lang" : "sla-pro" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "lang_name" : "Old Polish", "term" : "od", "status" : "ok", "lang" : "zlw-opl" } ], "keyword_label" : "Inherited from", "keyword" : "inherited" } ], "status" : "ok", "lang_name" : "Polish", "term" : "od", "lang" : "pl" }" data-id="away" data-lang="pl" data-title="od" id="Polish:_away"> Inherited from Old Polish od. Head templates: {{head|pl|preposition}} od
  1. indicates separation, distance, loss of contact; from, away
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-Ateilxvp
  2. indicates origin of movement; from, away
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-RU4hM7cE
  3. indicates moment of origin in time; from, since, for
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-4xdSegvt Categories (other): Kielce Polish, Pages using etymon with no ID, Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish prepositions Disambiguation of Kielce Polish: 4 5 12 4 8 8 7 19 16 16 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12 Disambiguation of Polish prepositions: 7 8 11 7 9 10 8 15 12 12
  4. indicates source or cause; from, because of
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-LxU85Fqz
  5. indicates intended use or purpose; for
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-WQKsRtIO Categories (other): Pages using etymon with no ID, Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with etymon, Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymon: 6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12
  6. indicates specialization
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-R4rwwPmy Categories (other): Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12
  7. used in comparisons; than Synonyms: aniżeli, aniżeliby, niż, niżby, niźli, niźliby, niżeli, niżeliby
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-kVNzSien Categories (other): Pages using etymon with no ID, Polish entries with etymon, Polish entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymon: 6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12
  8. (Middle Polish) used to indicate the author of a letter or work; from, by Tags: Middle, Polish
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-QpzeYF9S Categories (other): Middle Polish, Kielce Polish, Middle Polish, Pages using etymon with no ID, Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with etymon, Polish prepositions Disambiguation of Kielce Polish: 4 5 12 4 8 8 7 19 16 16 Disambiguation of Middle Polish: 4 4 5 4 7 6 6 16 22 26 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymon: 6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14 Disambiguation of Polish prepositions: 7 8 11 7 9 10 8 15 12 12
  9. (Middle Polish) used in passive constructions; by Tags: Middle, Polish
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep--LS4VSHO Categories (other): Middle Polish, Kielce Polish, Middle Polish, Pages using etymon with no ID, Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with etymon, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish prepositions Disambiguation of Kielce Polish: 4 5 12 4 8 8 7 19 16 16 Disambiguation of Middle Polish: 4 4 5 4 7 6 6 16 22 26 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymon: 6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12 Disambiguation of Polish prepositions: 7 8 11 7 9 10 8 15 12 12
  10. (Middle Polish) indicates material; from Tags: Middle, Polish Synonyms: z
    Sense id: en-od-pl-prep-nm25j0ys Categories (other): Middle Polish, Kielce Polish, Middle Polish, Pages using etymon with no ID, Polish entries with etymology texts, Polish entries with etymology trees, Polish entries with etymon, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish prepositions Disambiguation of Kielce Polish: 4 5 12 4 8 8 7 19 16 16 Disambiguation of Middle Polish: 4 4 5 4 7 6 6 16 22 26 Disambiguation of Pages using etymon with no ID: 7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology texts: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymology trees: 7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13 Disambiguation of Polish entries with etymon: 6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12 Disambiguation of Polish prepositions: 7 8 11 7 9 10 8 15 12 12
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: od cholery [numeral], od groma [numeral], od metra [numeral]
Categories (other): Pages with etymology trees, Pages with etymon Disambiguation of Pages with etymology trees: 4 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 6 4 6 6 5 6 6 6 Disambiguation of Pages with etymon: 4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 6 4 4 6 4 6 6 6 5 6 6

Alternative forms

{
  "categories": [
    {
      "_dis": "4 4 4 4 5 5 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 6 4 6 6 5 6 6 6",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Pages with etymology trees",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    },
    {
      "_dis": "4 4 4 4 4 5 4 4 4 4 6 4 4 6 4 6 6 6 5 6 6",
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Pages with etymon",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w+disamb"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "numeral"
      ],
      "word": "od cholery"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "numeral"
      ],
      "word": "od groma"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "numeral"
      ],
      "word": "od metra"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*éti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/éti#Proto-Indo-European:_over"
    ],
    [
      "*ati",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ati"
    ],
    [
      "*otъ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/otъ#Proto-Slavic:_away"
    ],
    [
      "od",
      "od#Old_Polish"
    ],
    [
      "od",
      "od#Old_Polish"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:od",
        "id": "away",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *étider.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ati\nProto-Slavic *otъ\nOld Polish od\nPolish od\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"over\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*éti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*ati\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*otъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"od\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"od\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"away\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"od\" id=\"Polish:_away\">\nInherited from Old Polish od.",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *étider.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ati\nProto-Slavic *otъ\nOld Polish od\nPolish od\nInherited from Old Polish od.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ode",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "od",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "od"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "od"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "info_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "gen"
      },
      "expansion": "[with genitive]",
      "extra_data": {
        "tags": [
          "genitive"
        ]
      },
      "name": "+obj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              21,
              23
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "We're pretty far from home.",
          "text": "Jesteśmy dość daleko od domu.",
          "translation": "We're pretty far from home.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Get away from her!",
          "text": "Odsuń się od niej!",
          "translation": "Get away from her!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates separation, distance, loss of contact; from, away"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-Ateilxvp",
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "away",
          "away"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I got a letter from my sister today.",
          "text": "Dostałem dziś list od siostry.",
          "translation": "I got a letter from my sister today.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              6
            ],
            [
              9,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              18,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I am walking away from that building.",
          "text": "Odchodzę od tego budynku.",
          "translation": "I am walking away from that building.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates origin of movement; from, away"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-RU4hM7cE",
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "away",
          "away"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "4 5 12 4 8 8 7 19 16 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kielce Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 8 11 7 9 10 8 15 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              11
            ],
            [
              19,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I work from 7 AM till 3 PM every day.",
          "text": "Pracuję codziennie od siódmej do piętnastej.",
          "translation": "I work from 7 AM till 3 PM every day.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Starting tomorrow I'll be living in my own flat.",
          "text": "Od jutra będę mieszkał we własnym mieszkaniu.",
          "translation": "Starting tomorrow I'll be living in my own flat.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Count backwards from ten.",
          "text": "Odlicz od dziesięciu w dół.",
          "translation": "Count backwards from ten.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              28,
              33
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I have been waiting for you since 6 PM.",
          "text": "Czekam na ciebie od osiemnastej.",
          "translation": "I have been waiting for you since 6 PM.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates moment of origin in time; from, since, for"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-4xdSegvt",
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "since",
          "since"
        ],
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I'm wet from the rain.",
          "text": "Jestem mokry od deszczu",
          "translation": "I'm wet from the rain.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates source or cause; from, because of"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-LxU85Fqz",
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "because of",
          "because of"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              29,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Can you see through the keyhole?",
          "literal_meaning": "Can you see through the hole for the key?",
          "text": "Czy widzisz przez dziurkę od klucza?",
          "translation": "Can you see through the keyhole?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              17
            ],
            [
              24,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Did you shut the car window?",
          "text": "Zamknąłeś okno od samochodu?",
          "translation": "Did you shut the car window?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates intended use or purpose; for"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-WQKsRtIO",
      "links": [
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates specialization"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-R4rwwPmy"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Janusz is taller than Piotr.",
          "text": "Janusz jest wyższy od Piotra.",
          "translation": "Janusz is taller than Piotr.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used in comparisons; than"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-kVNzSien",
      "links": [
        [
          "than",
          "than"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "aniżeli"
        },
        {
          "word": "aniżeliby"
        },
        {
          "word": "niż"
        },
        {
          "word": "niżby"
        },
        {
          "word": "niźli"
        },
        {
          "word": "niźliby"
        },
        {
          "word": "niżeli"
        },
        {
          "word": "niżeliby"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 5 12 4 8 8 7 19 16 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kielce Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 5 4 7 6 6 16 22 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 8 11 7 9 10 8 15 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to indicate the author of a letter or work; from, by"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-QpzeYF9S",
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "by",
          "by"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) used to indicate the author of a letter or work; from, by"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 5 12 4 8 8 7 19 16 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kielce Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 5 4 7 6 6 16 22 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 8 11 7 9 10 8 15 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used in passive constructions; by"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep--LS4VSHO",
      "links": [
        [
          "by",
          "by"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) used in passive constructions; by"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 5 12 4 8 8 7 19 16 16",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Kielce Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 4 5 4 7 6 6 16 22 26",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Middle Polish",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 14 10 12 11 12 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 7 10 7 11 10 10 12 13 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "6 7 10 6 11 10 10 12 13 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with etymon",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 8 11 7 11 12 10 9 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 8 11 7 9 10 8 15 12 12",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish prepositions",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates material; from"
      ],
      "id": "en-od-pl-prep-nm25j0ys",
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) indicates material; from"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "z"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɔt]",
      "note": "Kielce"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔt"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "od-"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "ot"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "-ot"
    }
  ],
  "word": "od"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Kielce Polish",
    "Middle Polish",
    "Pages using etymon with no ID",
    "Pages with 18 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Pages with etymology trees",
    "Pages with etymon",
    "Polish 1-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with etymology texts",
    "Polish entries with etymology trees",
    "Polish entries with etymon",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish prepositions",
    "Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *éti",
    "Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Balto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with homophones",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔt",
    "Rhymes:Polish/ɔt/1 syllable",
    "cy:Mathematics"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "numeral"
      ],
      "word": "od cholery"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "numeral"
      ],
      "word": "od groma"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "numeral"
      ],
      "word": "od metra"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_links": [
    [
      "*éti",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/éti#Proto-Indo-European:_over"
    ],
    [
      "*ati",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Balto-Slavic/ati"
    ],
    [
      "*otъ",
      "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/otъ#Proto-Slavic:_away"
    ],
    [
      "od",
      "od#Old_Polish"
    ],
    [
      "od",
      "od#Old_Polish"
    ]
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": ":inh",
        "3": "zlw-opl:od",
        "id": "away",
        "text": "+",
        "tree": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *étider.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ati\nProto-Slavic *otъ\nOld Polish od\nPolish od\n[Appendix:Glossary#derived_terms|Derived]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"over\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*éti\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Balto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*ati\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-bsl-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Slavic\", \"term\" : \"*otъ\", \"lang\" : \"sla-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old Polish\", \"term\" : \"od\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"zlw-opl\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"od\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-id=\"away\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"od\" id=\"Polish:_away\">\nInherited from Old Polish od.",
      "name": "etymon"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *étider.\nProto-Balto-Slavic *ati\nProto-Slavic *otъ\nOld Polish od\nPolish od\nInherited from Old Polish od.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "ode",
      "tags": [
        "alternative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "preposition"
      },
      "expansion": "od",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "od"
  ],
  "hyphenations": [
    {
      "parts": [
        "od"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "info_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "gen"
      },
      "expansion": "[with genitive]",
      "extra_data": {
        "tags": [
          "genitive"
        ]
      },
      "name": "+obj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "prep",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              21,
              23
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "We're pretty far from home.",
          "text": "Jesteśmy dość daleko od domu.",
          "translation": "We're pretty far from home.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              10,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              13
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Get away from her!",
          "text": "Odsuń się od niej!",
          "translation": "Get away from her!",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates separation, distance, loss of contact; from, away"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "away",
          "away"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I got a letter from my sister today.",
          "text": "Dostałem dziś list od siostry.",
          "translation": "I got a letter from my sister today.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              4,
              6
            ],
            [
              9,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              18,
              22
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I am walking away from that building.",
          "text": "Odchodzę od tego budynku.",
          "translation": "I am walking away from that building.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates origin of movement; from, away"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "away",
          "away"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              9,
              11
            ],
            [
              19,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              11
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I work from 7 AM till 3 PM every day.",
          "text": "Pracuję codziennie od siódmej do piętnastej.",
          "translation": "I work from 7 AM till 3 PM every day.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              2
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              0,
              8
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Starting tomorrow I'll be living in my own flat.",
          "text": "Od jutra będę mieszkał we własnym mieszkaniu.",
          "translation": "Starting tomorrow I'll be living in my own flat.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              7,
              9
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              16,
              20
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Count backwards from ten.",
          "text": "Odlicz od dziesięciu w dół.",
          "translation": "Count backwards from ten.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              19
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              28,
              33
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I have been waiting for you since 6 PM.",
          "text": "Czekam na ciebie od osiemnastej.",
          "translation": "I have been waiting for you since 6 PM.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates moment of origin in time; from, since, for"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "since",
          "since"
        ],
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              13,
              15
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              8,
              12
            ]
          ],
          "english": "I'm wet from the rain.",
          "text": "Jestem mokry od deszczu",
          "translation": "I'm wet from the rain.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates source or cause; from, because of"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "because of",
          "because of"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_literal_offsets": [
            [
              29,
              32
            ]
          ],
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              26,
              28
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Can you see through the keyhole?",
          "literal_meaning": "Can you see through the hole for the key?",
          "text": "Czy widzisz przez dziurkę od klucza?",
          "translation": "Can you see through the keyhole?",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              15,
              17
            ],
            [
              24,
              26
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Did you shut the car window?",
          "text": "Zamknąłeś okno od samochodu?",
          "translation": "Did you shut the car window?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates intended use or purpose; for"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "for",
          "for"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "indicates specialization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "bold_text_offsets": [
            [
              19,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "bold_translation_offsets": [
            [
              17,
              21
            ]
          ],
          "english": "Janusz is taller than Piotr.",
          "text": "Janusz jest wyższy od Piotra.",
          "translation": "Janusz is taller than Piotr.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used in comparisons; than"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "than",
          "than"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "aniżeli"
        },
        {
          "word": "aniżeliby"
        },
        {
          "word": "niż"
        },
        {
          "word": "niżby"
        },
        {
          "word": "niźli"
        },
        {
          "word": "niźliby"
        },
        {
          "word": "niżeli"
        },
        {
          "word": "niżeliby"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used to indicate the author of a letter or work; from, by"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ],
        [
          "by",
          "by"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) used to indicate the author of a letter or work; from, by"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "used in passive constructions; by"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "by",
          "by"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) used in passive constructions; by"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle Polish"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "indicates material; from"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "from",
          "from"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Middle Polish) indicates material; from"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "z"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔt/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈɔt/",
      "tags": [
        "Middle",
        "Polish"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ˈɔt]",
      "note": "Kielce"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-ɔt"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "od-"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "ot"
    },
    {
      "homophone": "-ot"
    }
  ],
  "word": "od"
}

Download raw JSONL data for od meaning in Polish (8.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-10-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.