"napominać" meaning in Polish

See napominać in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

IPA: /na.pɔˈmi.nat͡ɕ/
Rhymes: -inat͡ɕ Etymology: From napomnieć + -ać. Etymology templates: {{af|pl|napomnieć|-ać}} napomnieć + -ać Head templates: {{pl-verb|impf|pf=napomnieć}} napominać impf (perfective napomnieć) Inflection templates: {{pl-conj-ai-am,asz|napomina|pp}}, {{pl-conj-ai|napominać|napominam|napomina|napominają|napomina|napomina|napomina|napominaj|ip=napominano|pp=napominan|pp2=napominani|vn=napominanie}} Forms: napomnieć [perfective], imperfective [table-tags], napominać [infinitive], napominam [present, singular], napominamy [plural, present], napominasz [present, singular], napominacie [plural, present], napomina [present, singular, third-person], napominają [plural, present, third-person], napomina się [impersonal, present], napominałem [masculine, past, singular], -(e)m napominał [masculine, past, singular], napominałam [feminine, past, singular], -(e)m napominała [feminine, past, singular], napominałom [neuter, past, singular], -(e)m napominało [neuter, past, singular], napominaliśmy [past, plural, virile], -(e)śmy napominali [past, plural, virile], napominałyśmy [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)śmy napominały [nonvirile, past, plural], napominałeś [masculine, past, singular], -(e)ś napominał [masculine, past, singular], napominałaś [feminine, past, singular], -(e)ś napominała [feminine, past, singular], napominałoś [neuter, past, singular], -(e)ś napominało [neuter, past, singular], napominaliście [past, plural, virile], -(e)ście napominali [past, plural, virile], napominałyście [nonvirile, past, plural], -(e)ście napominały [nonvirile, past, plural], napominał [masculine, past, singular, third-person], napominała [feminine, past, singular, third-person], napominało [neuter, past, singular, third-person], napominali [past, plural, third-person, virile], napominały [nonvirile, past, plural, third-person], napominano [impersonal, past], będę napominał [future, masculine, singular], będę napominać [future, masculine, singular], będę napominała [feminine, future, singular], będę napominać [feminine, future, singular], będę napominało [future, neuter, singular], będę napominać [future, neuter, singular], będziemy napominali [future, plural, virile], będziemy napominać [future, plural, virile], będziemy napominały [future, nonvirile, plural], będziemy napominać [future, nonvirile, plural], będziesz napominał [future, masculine, singular], będziesz napominać [future, masculine, singular], będziesz napominała [feminine, future, singular], będziesz napominać [feminine, future, singular], będziesz napominało [future, neuter, singular], będziesz napominać [future, neuter, singular], będziecie napominali [future, plural, virile], będziecie napominać [future, plural, virile], będziecie napominały [future, nonvirile, plural], będziecie napominać [future, nonvirile, plural], będzie napominał [future, masculine, singular, third-person], będzie napominać [future, masculine, singular, third-person], będzie napominała [feminine, future, singular, third-person], będzie napominać [feminine, future, singular, third-person], będzie napominało [future, neuter, singular, third-person], będzie napominać [future, neuter, singular, third-person], będą napominali [future, plural, third-person, virile], będą napominać [future, plural, third-person, virile], będą napominały [future, nonvirile, plural, third-person], będą napominać [future, nonvirile, plural, third-person], będzie napominać się [future, impersonal], napominałbym [conditional, masculine, singular], bym napominał [conditional, masculine, singular], napominałabym [conditional, feminine, singular], bym napominała [conditional, feminine, singular], napominałobym [conditional, neuter, singular], bym napominało [conditional, neuter, singular], napominalibyśmy [conditional, plural, virile], byśmy napominali [conditional, plural, virile], napominałybyśmy [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byśmy napominały [conditional, nonvirile, plural], napominałbyś [conditional, masculine, singular], byś napominał [conditional, masculine, singular], napominałabyś [conditional, feminine, singular], byś napominała [conditional, feminine, singular], napominałobyś [conditional, neuter, singular], byś napominało [conditional, neuter, singular], napominalibyście [conditional, plural, virile], byście napominali [conditional, plural, virile], napominałybyście [conditional, nonvirile, plural], byście napominały [conditional, nonvirile, plural], napominałby [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], by napominał [conditional, masculine, singular, third-person], napominałaby [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], by napominała [conditional, feminine, singular, third-person], napominałoby [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], by napominało [conditional, neuter, singular, third-person], napominaliby [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], by napominali [conditional, plural, third-person, virile], napominałyby [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], by napominały [conditional, nonvirile, plural, third-person], napominano by [conditional, impersonal], niech napominam [imperative, singular], napominajmy [imperative, plural], napominaj [imperative, singular], napominajcie [imperative, plural], niech napomina [imperative, singular, third-person], niech napominają [imperative, plural, third-person], napominający [active, adjectival, masculine, participle, singular], napominająca [active, adjectival, feminine, participle, singular], napominające [active, adjectival, neuter, participle, singular], napominający [active, adjectival, participle, plural, virile], napominające [active, adjectival, nonvirile, participle, plural], napominany [adjectival, masculine, participle, passive, singular], napominana [adjectival, feminine, participle, passive, singular], napominane [adjectival, neuter, participle, passive, singular], napominani [adjectival, participle, passive, plural, virile], napominane [adjectival, nonvirile, participle, passive, plural], napominając [adjectival, contemporary, participle], napominanie [noun-from-verb]
  1. (transitive, formal) to admonish, to reprove, to scold Tags: formal, imperfective, transitive
    Sense id: en-napominać-pl-verb-8lNN8fmu Synonyms: besztać, ganić, karcić, łajać, objeżdżać, obtańcowywać, ochrzaniać, opieprzać, opierdalać, rugać, sztorcować, strofować, upominać
  2. (intransitive, formal) to mention [with o (+ locative)] Tags: formal, imperfective, intransitive Synonyms: wspominać, nadmieniać, napomykać
    Sense id: en-napominać-pl-verb-H0DSAvd6 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Polish entries with incorrect language header, Polish terms suffixed with -ać Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 42 58 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 26 74 Disambiguation of Polish entries with incorrect language header: 38 62 Disambiguation of Polish terms suffixed with -ać: 30 70
     
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "napomnieć",
        "3": "-ać"
      },
      "expansion": "napomnieć + -ać",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From napomnieć + -ać.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "napomnieć",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominamy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominasz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominacie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napomina",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominają",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napomina się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominaliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominaliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominać się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominalibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominalibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominaliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominano by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech napominam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominajmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominaj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominajcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech napomina",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech napominają",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominający",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominająca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominające",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominający",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominające",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominany",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominając",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "contemporary",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominanie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "pf": "napomnieć"
      },
      "expansion": "napominać impf (perfective napomnieć)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "na‧po‧mi‧nać"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "napomina",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "napominać",
        "2": "napominam",
        "3": "napomina",
        "4": "napominają",
        "5": "napomina",
        "6": "napomina",
        "7": "napomina",
        "8": "napominaj",
        "ip": "napominano",
        "pp": "napominan",
        "pp2": "napominani",
        "vn": "napominanie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ai"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to admonish, to reprove, to scold"
      ],
      "id": "en-napominać-pl-verb-8lNN8fmu",
      "links": [
        [
          "admonish",
          "admonish"
        ],
        [
          "reprove",
          "reprove"
        ],
        [
          "scold",
          "scold"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, formal) to admonish, to reprove, to scold"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "besztać"
        },
        {
          "word": "ganić"
        },
        {
          "word": "karcić"
        },
        {
          "word": "łajać"
        },
        {
          "word": "objeżdżać"
        },
        {
          "word": "obtańcowywać"
        },
        {
          "word": "ochrzaniać"
        },
        {
          "word": "opieprzać"
        },
        {
          "word": "opierdalać"
        },
        {
          "word": "rugać"
        },
        {
          "word": "sztorcować"
        },
        {
          "word": "strofować"
        },
        {
          "word": "upominać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "42 58",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "26 74",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "38 62",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 70",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to mention"
      ],
      "id": "en-napominać-pl-verb-H0DSAvd6",
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":o(loc)"
          },
          "expansion": "[with o (+ locative)]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "o",
              "(+",
              "locative)"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mention",
          "mention"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, formal) to mention [with o (+ locative)]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wspominać"
        },
        {
          "word": "nadmieniać"
        },
        {
          "word": "napomykać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperfective",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/na.pɔˈmi.nat͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-inat͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "napominać"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Polish 4-syllable words",
    "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
    "Polish imperfective verbs",
    "Polish lemmas",
    "Polish terms suffixed with -ać",
    "Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
    "Polish verbs",
    "Rhymes:Polish/inat͡ɕ",
    "Rhymes:Polish/inat͡ɕ/4 syllables"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "pl",
        "2": "napomnieć",
        "3": "-ać"
      },
      "expansion": "napomnieć + -ać",
      "name": "af"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From napomnieć + -ać.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "napomnieć",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominamy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominasz",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominacie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napomina",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominają",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napomina się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałom",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)m napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominaliśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)śmy napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałeś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałaś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałoś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ś napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominaliście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-(e)ście napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "past",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "nonvirile",
        "past",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominano",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "impersonal",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będę napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziemy napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziesz napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będziecie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "future",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będą napominać",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "będzie napominać się",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "future",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałbym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałabym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałobym",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "bym napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominalibyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałybyśmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byśmy napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałbyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałabyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałobyś",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byś napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominalibyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałybyście",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "byście napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominał",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałaby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominała",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałoby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominało",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominaliby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominali",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "plural",
        "third-person",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominałyby",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "by napominały",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "nonvirile",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominano by",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "impersonal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech napominam",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominajmy",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominaj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominajcie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech napomina",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "niech napominają",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominający",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominająca",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominające",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominający",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominające",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominany",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "masculine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominana",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "feminine",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "neuter",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominani",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural",
        "virile"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominane",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "nonvirile",
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominając",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "adjectival",
        "contemporary",
        "participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "napominanie",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "pf": "napomnieć"
      },
      "expansion": "napominać impf (perfective napomnieć)",
      "name": "pl-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "na‧po‧mi‧nać"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "napomina",
        "2": "pp"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ai-am,asz"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "napominać",
        "2": "napominam",
        "3": "napomina",
        "4": "napominają",
        "5": "napomina",
        "6": "napomina",
        "7": "napomina",
        "8": "napominaj",
        "ip": "napominano",
        "pp": "napominan",
        "pp2": "napominani",
        "vn": "napominanie"
      },
      "name": "pl-conj-ai"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Polish",
  "lang_code": "pl",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish formal terms",
        "Polish transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to admonish, to reprove, to scold"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "admonish",
          "admonish"
        ],
        [
          "reprove",
          "reprove"
        ],
        [
          "scold",
          "scold"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, formal) to admonish, to reprove, to scold"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "besztać"
        },
        {
          "word": "ganić"
        },
        {
          "word": "karcić"
        },
        {
          "word": "łajać"
        },
        {
          "word": "objeżdżać"
        },
        {
          "word": "obtańcowywać"
        },
        {
          "word": "ochrzaniać"
        },
        {
          "word": "opieprzać"
        },
        {
          "word": "opierdalać"
        },
        {
          "word": "rugać"
        },
        {
          "word": "sztorcować"
        },
        {
          "word": "strofować"
        },
        {
          "word": "upominać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperfective",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Polish formal terms",
        "Polish intransitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to mention"
      ],
      "info_templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": ":o(loc)"
          },
          "expansion": "[with o (+ locative)]",
          "extra_data": {
            "words": [
              "o",
              "(+",
              "locative)"
            ]
          },
          "name": "+obj"
        }
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mention",
          "mention"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(intransitive, formal) to mention [with o (+ locative)]"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "wspominać"
        },
        {
          "word": "nadmieniać"
        },
        {
          "word": "napomykać"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "formal",
        "imperfective",
        "intransitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/na.pɔˈmi.nat͡ɕ/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-inat͡ɕ"
    }
  ],
  "word": "napominać"
}

Download raw JSONL data for napominać meaning in Polish (14.0kB)

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.