See luft in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "do luftu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "luftować"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Luft",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nMiddle High German luft\nGerman Luftbor.\nPolish luft\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"air\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"luft\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Luft\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"luft\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"luft\">\nBorrowed from German Luft.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lift",
"3": "loft"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lift and loft",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nMiddle High German luft\nGerman Luftbor.\nPolish luft\nBorrowed from German Luft. Doublet of lift and loft.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lufcik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "luft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luftu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luftowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luftem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufcie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufcie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "lufcik"
},
"expansion": "luft m inan (diminutive lufcik)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"luft"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"luft"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Architectural elements",
"orig": "pl:Architectural elements",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 4 5 13 4 4 58 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 13 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 3 3 3 9 3 3 71 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "89 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "93 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "94 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "90 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pipe in a stove, chimney, or kitchen that carries away smoke"
],
"id": "en-luft-pl-noun-2cIFrwpA",
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"pipe",
"pipe"
],
[
"stove",
"stove"
],
[
"chimney",
"chimney"
],
[
"kitchen",
"kitchen"
],
[
"carries away",
"carry away"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, architecture) pipe in a stove, chimney, or kitchen that carries away smoke"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Poznań Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urban Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Air",
"orig": "pl:Air",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"air"
],
"id": "en-luft-pl-noun-n-Qw5SdG",
"links": [
[
"air",
"air"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, Poznań) air"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powietrze"
}
],
"tags": [
"Poznań",
"colloquial",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈluft/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uft"
}
],
"word": "luft"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 13 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/uft",
"Rhymes:Polish/uft/1 syllable",
"pl:Air"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "do luftu"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "luftować"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Luft",
"text": "+",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nMiddle High German luft\nGerman Luftbor.\nPolish luft\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"id\" : \"air\", \"children\" : [ ], \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"luft\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Luft\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"luft\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"luft\">\nBorrowed from German Luft.",
"name": "ety"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lift",
"3": "loft"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of lift and loft",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nMiddle High German luft\nGerman Luftbor.\nPolish luft\nBorrowed from German Luft. Doublet of lift and loft.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lufcik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "luft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luftu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luftowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luft",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luftem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufcie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufcie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"dim": "lufcik"
},
"expansion": "luft m inan (diminutive lufcik)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"luft"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"luft"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with archaic senses",
"pl:Architectural elements"
],
"glosses": [
"pipe in a stove, chimney, or kitchen that carries away smoke"
],
"links": [
[
"architecture",
"architecture"
],
[
"pipe",
"pipe"
],
[
"stove",
"stove"
],
[
"chimney",
"chimney"
],
[
"kitchen",
"kitchen"
],
[
"carries away",
"carry away"
],
[
"smoke",
"smoke"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(archaic, architecture) pipe in a stove, chimney, or kitchen that carries away smoke"
],
"tags": [
"archaic",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"architecture"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Poznań Polish",
"Urban Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"air"
],
"links": [
[
"air",
"air"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, Poznań) air"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "powietrze"
}
],
"tags": [
"Poznań",
"colloquial",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈluft/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uft"
}
],
"word": "luft"
}
Download raw JSONL data for luft meaning in Polish (3.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-06-01 using wiktextract (ade7ec3 and 7f4db16). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.