See gmina in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: gmina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: gmina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ґміна",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: ґміна (gmina)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: ґміна (gmina)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Gemeine"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Gemeine",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmin"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gmin",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Gemeine. Doublet of gmin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gm.",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gmino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gminy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"abbr": "gm."
},
"expansion": "gmina f (abbreviation gm.)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gmi‧na"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 27 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "32 25 25 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 27 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 26 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 27 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 34 34 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Administrative divisions",
"orig": "pl:Administrative divisions",
"parents": [
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 26 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "pl:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 32 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Poland",
"orig": "pl:Poland",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"gmina (people living in such a division)"
],
"id": "en-gmina-pl-noun-wHi7mwuK",
"links": [
[
"gmina",
"gmina#English"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"powiat",
"powiat#Polish"
],
[
"województwo",
"województwo#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"(metonymically) gmina (people living in such a division)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"metonymically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Government",
"orig": "pl:Government",
"parents": [
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 27 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 27 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 26 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 27 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 34 34 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Administrative divisions",
"orig": "pl:Administrative divisions",
"parents": [
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 26 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "pl:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 32 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Poland",
"orig": "pl:Poland",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"gmina office (headquarters of such a district)"
],
"id": "en-gmina-pl-noun-tC3Rygeh",
"links": [
[
"gmina",
"gmina#English"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"powiat",
"powiat#Polish"
],
[
"województwo",
"województwo#Polish"
],
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"office",
"office"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"(government, metonymically) gmina office (headquarters of such a district)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"metonymically"
],
"topics": [
"government"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish metonyms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Government",
"orig": "pl:Government",
"parents": [
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 27 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 27 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 26 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 27 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 34 34 1",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Administrative divisions",
"orig": "pl:Administrative divisions",
"parents": [
"Government",
"Politics",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 26 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "pl:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 32 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 33 33 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Poland",
"orig": "pl:Poland",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"gmina authorities (people in charge of such a district)"
],
"id": "en-gmina-pl-noun-svkhVKTO",
"links": [
[
"gmina",
"gmina#English"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"powiat",
"powiat#Polish"
],
[
"województwo",
"województwo#Polish"
],
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"authorities",
"authority"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"(government, metonymically) gmina authorities (people in charge of such a district)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"metonymically"
],
"topics": [
"government"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Judaism",
"orig": "pl:Judaism",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "30 27 27 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 26 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "27 27 27 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 26 26 19",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 27 27 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "31 26 26 16",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Collectives",
"orig": "pl:Collectives",
"parents": [
"Miscellaneous",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "35 18 32 15",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"kahal (organized Jewish religious community; usually disambiguated as gmina żydowska)"
],
"id": "en-gmina-pl-noun-NF-Xik2Z",
"links": [
[
"Judaism",
"Judaism"
],
[
"kahal",
"kahal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Judaism) kahal (organized Jewish religious community; usually disambiguated as gmina żydowska)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kahał"
}
],
"tags": [
"Judaism",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡmi.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ina"
}
],
"word": "gmina"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ina",
"Rhymes:Polish/ina/2 syllables",
"pl:Administrative divisions",
"pl:Collectives",
"pl:People",
"pl:Poland"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "gmina",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: gmina",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: gmina"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uk",
"2": "ґміна",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Ukrainian: ґміна (gmina)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Ukrainian: ґміна (gmina)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Gemeine"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Gemeine",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmin"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of gmin",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Gemeine. Doublet of gmin.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gm.",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gmina",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gmin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gminie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gminach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gmino",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gminy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"abbr": "gm."
},
"expansion": "gmina f (abbreviation gm.)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gmi‧na"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish metonyms"
],
"glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"gmina (people living in such a division)"
],
"links": [
[
"gmina",
"gmina#English"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"powiat",
"powiat#Polish"
],
[
"województwo",
"województwo#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"(metonymically) gmina (people living in such a division)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"metonymically"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish metonyms",
"pl:Government"
],
"glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"gmina office (headquarters of such a district)"
],
"links": [
[
"gmina",
"gmina#English"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"powiat",
"powiat#Polish"
],
[
"województwo",
"województwo#Polish"
],
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"office",
"office"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"(government, metonymically) gmina office (headquarters of such a district)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"metonymically"
],
"topics": [
"government"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish metonyms",
"pl:Government"
],
"glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"gmina authorities (people in charge of such a district)"
],
"links": [
[
"gmina",
"gmina#English"
],
[
"commune",
"commune"
],
[
"municipality",
"municipality"
],
[
"township",
"township"
],
[
"powiat",
"powiat#Polish"
],
[
"województwo",
"województwo#Polish"
],
[
"government",
"government"
],
[
"authorities",
"authority"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"gmina, commune, municipality, township (first-level unit of local government and administration in Poland, below powiat and województwo)",
"(government, metonymically) gmina authorities (people in charge of such a district)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"metonymically"
],
"topics": [
"government"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Judaism"
],
"glosses": [
"kahal (organized Jewish religious community; usually disambiguated as gmina żydowska)"
],
"links": [
[
"Judaism",
"Judaism"
],
[
"kahal",
"kahal"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Judaism) kahal (organized Jewish religious community; usually disambiguated as gmina żydowska)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "kahał"
}
],
"tags": [
"Judaism",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡmi.na/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ina"
}
],
"word": "gmina"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gmina meaning in Polish (5.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-17 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.