See gap in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"etydate": "18th century<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “gap”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span>>",
"id": "mindless onlooker",
"rfe": "1",
"text": "*",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 18th century. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. )",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the 18th century. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. )",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gapiowski",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gap",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gapie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"adj": "gapiowski"
},
"expansion": "gap m pers (related adjective gapiowski)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gap"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gap"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "pi",
"3": "gapie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quotations using quoted-in parameter",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "24 68 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "83 5 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "68 8 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "60 9 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "gapiostwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "gapić"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gapers are gathering",
"text": "gapie gromadzą się",
"translation": "gapers are gathering"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"english": "A crowd of gapers stood by the wrecked car.",
"text": "Tłum gapiów stał obok rozbitego samochodu.",
"translation": "A crowd of gapers stood by the wrecked car.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
78,
84
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
71,
77
]
],
"english": "Despite the presence of numerous passersby, and even one or two brazen gapers, it suddenly turned out that there were no witnesses.",
"ref": "2008 July, Richard Morgan, “Trzynastka”, in Esensja, quoted in WSJP:",
"text": "Pomimo obecności licznych przechodniów, a nawet jednego czy dwóch bezczelnych gapiów, nagle okazało się, że nie ma żadnych świadków.",
"translation": "Despite the presence of numerous passersby, and even one or two brazen gapers, it suddenly turned out that there were no witnesses.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gaper, gawker, rubbernecker (mindless onlooker)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "obserwant"
},
{
"word": "obserwator"
}
],
"id": "en-gap-pl-noun-pl:gaper",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"gaper",
"gaper"
],
[
"gawker",
"gawker"
],
[
"rubbernecker",
"rubbernecker"
],
[
"mindless",
"mindless#English"
],
[
"onlooker",
"onlooker#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, usually in the plural, derogatory) gaper, gawker, rubbernecker (mindless onlooker)"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "gapa"
},
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "gapowaty"
}
],
"senseid": [
"pl:gaper"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gapowicz"
},
{
"word": "spektator"
},
{
"word": "świadek"
},
{
"word": "widz"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person",
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡap/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡapʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ap"
}
],
"word": "gap"
}
{
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "gap f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gap"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gap"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gapa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of gapa"
],
"id": "en-gap-pl-noun-ZZrsZ-8W",
"links": [
[
"gapa",
"gapa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡap/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡapʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ap"
}
],
"word": "gap"
}
{
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "gap",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gap"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gap"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gapić"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of gapić"
],
"id": "en-gap-pl-verb-ZeHUIDxs",
"links": [
[
"gapić",
"gapić#Polish"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "gawron"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡap/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡapʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ap"
}
],
"word": "gap"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish personal nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verb forms",
"Requests for etymologies in Polish entries",
"Rhymes:Polish/ap",
"Rhymes:Polish/ap/1 syllable",
"pl:People"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"noun"
],
"word": "gapiostwo"
},
{
"tags": [
"verb"
],
"word": "gapić"
}
],
"etymology_number": "1",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"etydate": "18th century<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Bańkowski, Andrzej (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">2000), “gap”, in <cite>Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego</cite> [<cite>Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language</cite>] (in Polish)</span></span>>",
"id": "mindless onlooker",
"rfe": "1",
"text": "*",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "First attested in the 18th century. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. )",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "First attested in the 18th century. (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. )",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gapiowski",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "gap",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapia",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gapiu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "gapie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-pr",
"adj": "gapiowski"
},
"expansion": "gap m pers (related adjective gapiowski)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gap"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gap"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ga",
"2": "pi",
"3": "gapie"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-pr"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "gapowaty"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish derogatory terms",
"Polish terms with collocations",
"Polish terms with quotations",
"Polish terms with usage examples",
"Quotations using quoted-in parameter"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "gapers are gathering",
"text": "gapie gromadzą się",
"translation": "gapers are gathering"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
5,
11
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"english": "A crowd of gapers stood by the wrecked car.",
"text": "Tłum gapiów stał obok rozbitego samochodu.",
"translation": "A crowd of gapers stood by the wrecked car.",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
78,
84
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
71,
77
]
],
"english": "Despite the presence of numerous passersby, and even one or two brazen gapers, it suddenly turned out that there were no witnesses.",
"ref": "2008 July, Richard Morgan, “Trzynastka”, in Esensja, quoted in WSJP:",
"text": "Pomimo obecności licznych przechodniów, a nawet jednego czy dwóch bezczelnych gapiów, nagle okazało się, że nie ma żadnych świadków.",
"translation": "Despite the presence of numerous passersby, and even one or two brazen gapers, it suddenly turned out that there were no witnesses.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gaper, gawker, rubbernecker (mindless onlooker)"
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"word": "obserwant"
},
{
"word": "obserwator"
}
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"gaper",
"gaper"
],
[
"gawker",
"gawker"
],
[
"rubbernecker",
"rubbernecker"
],
[
"mindless",
"mindless#English"
],
[
"onlooker",
"onlooker#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, usually in the plural, derogatory) gaper, gawker, rubbernecker (mindless onlooker)"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"alternative"
],
"word": "gapa"
}
],
"senseid": [
"pl:gaper"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gapowicz"
},
{
"word": "spektator"
},
{
"word": "świadek"
},
{
"word": "widz"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"masculine",
"person",
"plural-normally"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡap/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡapʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ap"
}
],
"word": "gap"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verb forms",
"Rhymes:Polish/ap",
"Rhymes:Polish/ap/1 syllable",
"pl:People"
],
"etymology_number": "2",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "gap f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gap"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gap"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gapa"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of gapa"
],
"links": [
[
"gapa",
"gapa#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡap/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡapʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ap"
}
],
"word": "gap"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages with 15 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymon",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verb forms",
"Rhymes:Polish/ap",
"Rhymes:Polish/ap/1 syllable",
"pl:People"
],
"etymology_number": "3",
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"nl": "1"
},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "gap",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"gap"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"gap"
]
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"related": [
{
"word": "gawron"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "gapić"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of gapić"
],
"links": [
[
"gapić",
"gapić#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡap/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡapʲ/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ap"
}
],
"word": "gap"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gap meaning in Polish (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-20 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (d6fca27 and 65e1673). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.