See ekspres in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Express-Sendung"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Express-Sendung",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Express-Sendung.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "ekspres m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ek‧spres"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"express mail (letter or other postal item quickly delivered to the addressee)"
],
"id": "en-ekspres-pl-noun-Y52Bt2GJ",
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛk.sprɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛksprɛs"
}
],
"word": "ekspres"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "exprès"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French exprès",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "expressus"
},
"expansion": "Latin expressus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French exprès, from Latin expressus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "ekspres m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ek‧spres"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Rail transportation",
"orig": "pl:Rail transportation",
"parents": [
"Transport",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "2 46 31 1 13 4 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Vehicles",
"orig": "pl:Vehicles",
"parents": [
"Machines",
"Transport",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"train that stops only at major cities, faster than an express train"
],
"id": "en-ekspres-pl-noun-G-NheRi~",
"links": [
[
"rail transport",
"rail transport"
],
[
"train",
"train"
],
[
"express train",
"express train"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rail transport) train that stops only at major cities, faster than an express train"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ekspresiak"
},
{
"word": "pociąg ekspresowy"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"rail-transport",
"railways",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛk.sprɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛksprɛs"
}
],
"word": "ekspres"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "it",
"3": "espresso"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian espresso",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "expressus"
},
"expansion": "Latin expressus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian espresso, from Latin expressus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "ekspres m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ek‧spres"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 3 78 1 9 6 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Coffee",
"orig": "pl:Coffee",
"parents": [
"Beverages",
"Drinking",
"Food and drink",
"Liquids",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Matter",
"Human",
"Fundamental",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Sciences"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 7 45 2 18 12 13",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Cookware and bakeware",
"orig": "pl:Cookware and bakeware",
"parents": [
"Kitchenware",
"Cooking",
"Home appliances",
"Tools",
"Food and drink",
"Home",
"Machines",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"coffee machine, coffeemaker (kitchen apparatus used to brew and filter coffee)"
],
"id": "en-ekspres-pl-noun-Lkp~9gqU",
"links": [
[
"coffee machine",
"coffee machine"
],
[
"coffeemaker",
"coffeemaker"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛk.sprɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛksprɛs"
}
],
"word": "ekspres"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ekspresowy"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ekspresem"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ekspresiak"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ekspresowiec"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ekspresówka"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "express"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English express",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "exprès"
},
"expansion": "French exprès",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "expressus"
},
"expansion": "Latin expressus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English express, from French exprès, from Latin expressus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "ekspres m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ek‧spres"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "ekspresowo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"expedited service (quick performance of some service, usually at a higher price)"
],
"id": "en-ekspres-pl-noun-8CdB4dMr",
"links": [
[
"expedited",
"expedited"
],
[
"service",
"service"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Climbing",
"orig": "pl:Climbing",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "6 6 4 17 10 3 33 14 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 3 20 7 2 40 15 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 18 2 35 15 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 12 17 3 31 19 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 12 14 2 38 14 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 13 14 2 38 15 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"quickdraw"
],
"id": "en-ekspres-pl-noun-xW956-xx",
"links": [
[
"climbing",
"climbing#Noun"
],
[
"quickdraw",
"quickdraw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(climbing) quickdraw"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"climbing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Firearms",
"orig": "pl:Firearms",
"parents": [
"Weapons",
"Hunting",
"Military",
"Tools",
"Human activity",
"Society",
"Technology",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"type of double-barrelled rifle"
],
"id": "en-ekspres-pl-noun-GzRQH~kG",
"links": [
[
"firearm",
"firearm"
],
[
"rifle",
"rifle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(firearms) type of double-barrelled rifle"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"firearms",
"government",
"military",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"politics",
"tools",
"war",
"weaponry"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 7 17 2 18 16 39",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Fasteners",
"orig": "pl:Fasteners",
"parents": [
"Tools",
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 3 21 4 5 4 43",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Post",
"orig": "pl:Post",
"parents": [
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"zip, zip fastener, zipper"
],
"id": "en-ekspres-pl-noun-XE0gmzI6",
"links": [
[
"zip",
"zip"
],
[
"zip fastener",
"zip fastener"
],
[
"zipper",
"zipper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) zip, zip fastener, zipper"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ekler"
},
{
"word": "suwak"
},
{
"word": "zamek"
},
{
"word": "zamek błyskawiczny"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛk.sprɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛksprɛs"
}
],
"word": "ekspres"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from French",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛksprɛs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛksprɛs/2 syllables",
"pl:Coffee",
"pl:Cookware and bakeware",
"pl:Fasteners",
"pl:Post",
"pl:Vehicles"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Express-Sendung"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Express-Sendung",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from German Express-Sendung.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "ekspres m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ek‧spres"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"express mail (letter or other postal item quickly delivered to the addressee)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛk.sprɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛksprɛs"
}
],
"word": "ekspres"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms borrowed from French",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from French",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛksprɛs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛksprɛs/2 syllables",
"pl:Coffee",
"pl:Cookware and bakeware",
"pl:Fasteners",
"pl:Post",
"pl:Vehicles"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "exprès"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from French exprès",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "expressus"
},
"expansion": "Latin expressus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from French exprès, from Latin expressus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "ekspres m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ek‧spres"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Rail transportation"
],
"glosses": [
"train that stops only at major cities, faster than an express train"
],
"links": [
[
"rail transport",
"rail transport"
],
[
"train",
"train"
],
[
"express train",
"express train"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rail transport) train that stops only at major cities, faster than an express train"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ekspresiak"
},
{
"word": "pociąg ekspresowy"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"rail-transport",
"railways",
"transport"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛk.sprɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛksprɛs"
}
],
"word": "ekspres"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms borrowed from Italian",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from French",
"Polish terms derived from Italian",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛksprɛs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛksprɛs/2 syllables",
"pl:Coffee",
"pl:Cookware and bakeware",
"pl:Fasteners",
"pl:Post",
"pl:Vehicles"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "it",
"3": "espresso"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Italian espresso",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "expressus"
},
"expansion": "Latin expressus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Italian espresso, from Latin expressus.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "ekspres m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ek‧spres"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"coffee machine, coffeemaker (kitchen apparatus used to brew and filter coffee)"
],
"links": [
[
"coffee machine",
"coffee machine"
],
[
"coffeemaker",
"coffeemaker"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛk.sprɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛksprɛs"
}
],
"word": "ekspres"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from English",
"Polish terms derived from English",
"Polish terms derived from French",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛksprɛs",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛksprɛs/2 syllables",
"pl:Coffee",
"pl:Cookware and bakeware",
"pl:Fasteners",
"pl:Post",
"pl:Vehicles"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "ekspresowy"
},
{
"word": "ekspresem"
},
{
"word": "ekspresiak"
},
{
"word": "ekspresowiec"
},
{
"word": "ekspresówka"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "en",
"3": "express"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from English express",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "fr",
"3": "exprès"
},
"expansion": "French exprès",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "expressus"
},
"expansion": "Latin expressus",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from English express, from French exprès, from Latin expressus.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspres",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "ekspresy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "ekspres m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ek‧spres"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "ekspresowo"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"expedited service (quick performance of some service, usually at a higher price)"
],
"links": [
[
"expedited",
"expedited"
],
[
"service",
"service"
]
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Climbing"
],
"glosses": [
"quickdraw"
],
"links": [
[
"climbing",
"climbing#Noun"
],
[
"quickdraw",
"quickdraw"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(climbing) quickdraw"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"climbing",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sports"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Firearms"
],
"glosses": [
"type of double-barrelled rifle"
],
"links": [
[
"firearm",
"firearm"
],
[
"rifle",
"rifle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(firearms) type of double-barrelled rifle"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"engineering",
"firearms",
"government",
"military",
"natural-sciences",
"physical-sciences",
"politics",
"tools",
"war",
"weaponry"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"zip, zip fastener, zipper"
],
"links": [
[
"zip",
"zip"
],
[
"zip fastener",
"zip fastener"
],
[
"zipper",
"zipper"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) zip, zip fastener, zipper"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ekler"
},
{
"word": "suwak"
},
{
"word": "zamek"
},
{
"word": "zamek błyskawiczny"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɛk.sprɛs/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛksprɛs"
}
],
"word": "ekspres"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ekspres meaning in Polish (8.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.