See czerń in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czarny"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from czarny",
"name": "bf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from czarny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f-softcons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "czerń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czernią",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "czerń f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czerń"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "czer",
"2": "ni",
"tantum": "s"
},
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}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 22 17 4 18",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "pl:Colors",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 38 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "pl:Light",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black (color)"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-noun-Z4W5Xj69",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "43 38 6 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "pl:Light",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dark (a complete or (more often) partial absence of light)"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-noun-FSFpoAGM",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciemność"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 43 48 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 46 46 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 59 35",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 47 35 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 26 55 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 8 56 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 4 59 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 4 54 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "History of Ukraine",
"orig": "pl:History of Ukraine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Ukraine",
"orig": "pl:Ukraine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"17th century term for peasants living in Ukraine"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-noun-QWJCKxba",
"links": [
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective, historical) 17th century term for peasants living in Ukraine"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 1 43 48 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 1 46 46 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 100 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in reference to lower social strata: commoners, riffraff"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-noun-6KpzMcoy",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"commoner",
"commoner"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory, collective) in reference to lower social strata: commoners, riffraff"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɛrɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɲ"
}
],
"word": "czerń"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "czerń",
"name": "head"
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],
"hyphenation": [
"czerń"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "czernić"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of czernić"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-verb-61pWrnTX",
"links": [
[
"czernić",
"czernić#Polish"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czernij"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɛrɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɲ"
}
],
"word": "czerń"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish back-formations",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verb forms",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrɲ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrɲ/1 syllable",
"pl:Colors",
"pl:History of Ukraine",
"pl:Light",
"pl:People",
"pl:Ukraine"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
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{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czarny"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from czarny",
"name": "bf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from czarny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f-softcons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "czerń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czernią",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "czerń f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czerń"
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "czer",
"2": "ni",
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f-softcons"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black (color)"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dark (a complete or (more often) partial absence of light)"
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciemność"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish collective nouns",
"Polish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"17th century term for peasants living in Ukraine"
],
"links": [
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective, historical) 17th century term for peasants living in Ukraine"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish collective nouns",
"Polish derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"in reference to lower social strata: commoners, riffraff"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"commoner",
"commoner"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory, collective) in reference to lower social strata: commoners, riffraff"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɛrɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɲ"
}
],
"word": "czerń"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
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"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
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"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish verb forms",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrɲ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrɲ/1 syllable",
"pl:Colors",
"pl:History of Ukraine",
"pl:Light",
"pl:People",
"pl:Ukraine"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "czerń",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czerń"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "czernić"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of czernić"
],
"links": [
[
"czernić",
"czernić#Polish"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czernij"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡ʂɛrɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɲ"
}
],
"word": "czerń"
}
Download raw JSONL data for czerń meaning in Polish (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (58c391d and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.