See czerń in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czarny"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from czarny",
"name": "bf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from czarny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f-softcons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "czerń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czernią",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "czerń f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czerń"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "czer",
"2": "ni",
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f-softcons"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 26 15 8 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "pl:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"black (color)"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-noun-Z4W5Xj69",
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "2 12 47 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 16 45 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 26 15 8 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "pl:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 47 9 18 26",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Light",
"orig": "pl:Light",
"parents": [
"Energy",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dark (a complete or (more often) partial absence of light)"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-noun-FSFpoAGM",
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciemność"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 40 45 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 43 45 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 4 54 40",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish back-formations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 40 41 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 47 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 16 45 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 15 47 37",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 50 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [
"Singularia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 26 15 8 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "pl:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 100 0 0",
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Ukraine",
"orig": "pl:Ukraine",
"parents": [
"Europe",
"Earth",
"Eurasia",
"Nature",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"17th century term for peasants living in Ukraine"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-noun-QWJCKxba",
"links": [
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective, historical) 17th century term for peasants living in Ukraine"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 40 45 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 2 43 45 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 40 41 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 12 47 39",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 16 45 38",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 1 64 35",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "People",
"orig": "pl:People",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"in reference to lower social strata: commoners, riffraff"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-noun-6KpzMcoy",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"commoner",
"commoner"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory, collective) in reference to lower social strata: commoners, riffraff"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʂɛrɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɲ"
}
],
"word": "czerń"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "czerń",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czerń"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 3 40 45 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 4 40 41 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 26 15 8 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Colors",
"orig": "pl:Colors",
"parents": [
"Light",
"Vision",
"Energy",
"Senses",
"Nature",
"Perception",
"All topics",
"Body",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "czernić"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of czernić"
],
"id": "en-czerń-pl-verb-61pWrnTX",
"links": [
[
"czernić",
"czernić#Polish"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czernij"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʂɛrɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɲ"
}
],
"word": "czerń"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish back-formations",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish verb forms",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrɲ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrɲ/1 syllable",
"pl:Colors",
"pl:Light",
"pl:People",
"pl:Ukraine"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "czarny"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from czarny",
"name": "bf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Back-formation from czarny.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f-softcons",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "czerń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerń",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czernią",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "czerni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "czerń f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czerń"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "czer",
"2": "ni",
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f-softcons"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"black (color)"
],
"links": [
[
"black",
"black"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"dark (a complete or (more often) partial absence of light)"
],
"links": [
[
"dark",
"dark"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ciemność"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish collective nouns",
"Polish terms with historical senses"
],
"glosses": [
"17th century term for peasants living in Ukraine"
],
"links": [
[
"peasant",
"peasant"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(collective, historical) 17th century term for peasants living in Ukraine"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"feminine",
"historical"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish collective nouns",
"Polish derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"in reference to lower social strata: commoners, riffraff"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"commoner",
"commoner"
],
[
"riffraff",
"riffraff"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(derogatory, collective) in reference to lower social strata: commoners, riffraff"
],
"tags": [
"collective",
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʂɛrɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɲ"
}
],
"word": "czerń"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio links",
"Polish verb forms",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrɲ",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛrɲ/1 syllable",
"pl:Colors",
"pl:Light",
"pl:People",
"pl:Ukraine"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "czerń",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"czerń"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "czernić"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular imperative of czernić"
],
"links": [
[
"czernić",
"czernić#Polish"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "czernij"
}
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʂɛrɲ/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛrɲ"
}
],
"word": "czerń"
}
Download raw JSONL data for czerń meaning in Polish (3.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.