See bigos in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"proper-noun"
],
"word": "Bigos"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "bigosować"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigos"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigòs"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigus"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigos"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"Cieszyn"
],
"word": "bigōs"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigos"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigos"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₁ep-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ep-"
],
[
"*h₁épi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁épi"
],
[
"*h₁pi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁pi"
],
[
"*bi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bi"
],
[
"*bī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bī"
],
[
"bī",
"bi#Old_High_German"
],
[
"bī",
"bi#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"bei",
"bei#German"
],
[
"bei-",
"bei-#German"
],
[
"Guss",
"Guss#German"
],
[
"Beiguss",
"Beiguss#German"
],
[
"Beiguss",
"Beiguss#German"
],
[
"bei-",
"bei-#German"
],
[
"Guss",
"Guss#German"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Beiguss<t:sauce><ety:af<de:bei-><de:Guss>><ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Halina Zgółkowa, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1994–2005), “bigos”, in <cite>Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny</cite>, volumes 1–50, Poznań: Wydawnictwo Kurpisz, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Witold Doroszewski, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958–1969), “bigos”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1900), “bigos”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 154</span></span>>",
"etydate": "1534<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, <span style=\"cursor:help;border-bottom: 1px dotted currentcolor\" title=\"[[w:pl:Stanisław Rospond (językoznawca)|Stanisław Rospond]], [[w:Witold Taszycki]], [[w:pl:Stefan Hrabec|Stefan Hrabec]], [[w:pl:Władysław Kuraszkiewicz|Władysław Kuraszkiewicz]]\">et al., editors (2010-2023), “bigos”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁épsder.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁épider.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁pi\nProto-Germanic *bi\nProto-West Germanic *bī\nOld High German bī\nMiddle High German bī\nGerman bei\nGerman bei-\nGerman Guss\nGerman Beigussbor.\nPolish bigos\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"sauce\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₁éps\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁ep-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁épi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁pi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bī\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"bī\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"bī\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"bei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"bei-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Guss\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Beiguss\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"bigos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"bigos\">\nBorrowed from German Beiguss (“sauce”), from bei- + Guss. First attested in 1534.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁épsder.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁épider.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁pi\nProto-Germanic *bi\nProto-West Germanic *bī\nOld High German bī\nMiddle High German bī\nGerman bei\nGerman bei-\nGerman Guss\nGerman Beigussbor.\nPolish bigos\nBorrowed from German Beiguss (“sauce”), from bei- + Guss. First attested in 1534.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bigosik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bigos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-mid-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bigos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "bigosowy",
"dim": "bigosik"
},
"expansion": "bigos m inan (diminutive bigosik, related adjective bigosowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bi‧gos"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"bi‧gos"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
},
{
"args": {
"accp": "bigosy",
"accs": "bigos",
"datp": "-",
"dats": "-",
"genp": "-",
"gens": "bigosa/bigosu",
"insp": "-",
"inss": "bigosem",
"locp": "-",
"locs": "-",
"nomp": "bigosy",
"noms": "bigos",
"vocp": "-",
"vocs": "-"
},
"name": "pl-mid-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 0 18 15 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 23 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 24 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 0 0 8 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 45 0 0 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 43 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 37 1 0 9 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Poland",
"orig": "pl:Poland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bigos (a traditional Polish stew containing cabbage and meat)"
],
"id": "en-bigos-pl-noun-VMAKXCNx",
"links": [
[
"bigos",
"bigos#English:_Q598222"
],
[
"stew",
"stew"
],
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) bigos (a traditional Polish stew containing cabbage and meat)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 0 18 15 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 23 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 24 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology texts",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 39 0 0 8 6 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "45 45 0 0 3 3 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "43 43 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 42 0 0 6 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 37 1 0 9 8 8",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Poland",
"orig": "pl:Poland",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bigos (a traditional Polish stew containing cabbage and meat)",
"bigos (single portion of this dish)"
],
"id": "en-bigos-pl-noun-GwME1Vaa",
"links": [
[
"bigos",
"bigos#English:_Q598222"
],
[
"stew",
"stew"
],
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"bigos",
"bigos#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) bigos (a traditional Polish stew containing cabbage and meat)",
"(countable) bigos (single portion of this dish)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish terms with collocations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"english": "quite a commotion",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "niezły bigos",
"translation": "quite a commotion",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"english": "a real stir",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "prawdziwy bigos",
"translation": "a real stir",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
19
]
],
"english": "to stir a commotion",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "narobić bigosu",
"translation": "to stir a commotion",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"english": "You've caused quite a commotion!",
"text": "Ale narobiłeś bigosu!",
"translation": "You've caused quite a commotion!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"commotion, stir"
],
"id": "en-bigos-pl-noun-ogxim6qd",
"links": [
[
"commotion",
"commotion"
],
[
"stir",
"stir"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, colloquial, figuratively) commotion, stir"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"countable",
"figuratively",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"synonym of rzeź /siekanina"
],
"id": "en-bigos-pl-noun-T74z7Tm1",
"links": [
[
"rzeź",
"rzeź#Polish"
],
[
"siekanina",
"siekanina#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, uncountable) synonym of rzeź /siekanina"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "rzeź /siekanina"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 0 18 15 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 23 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 24 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 1 1 25 17 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 26 17 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 27 16 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymon",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 14 4 4 43 13 9",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Soups",
"orig": "pl:Soups",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bigos (dish (soup, broth, sauce) made of fish)"
],
"id": "en-bigos-pl-noun-lbp3NVSV",
"links": [
[
"bigos",
"bigos#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) bigos (dish (soup, broth, sauce) made of fish)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 0 18 15 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 23 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 24 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"leftover casserole (meal prepared from leftovers from previous dishes)"
],
"id": "en-bigos-pl-noun-yPlUpvTa",
"links": [
[
"leftover",
"leftover"
],
[
"casserole",
"casserole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) leftover casserole (meal prepared from leftovers from previous dishes)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Card games",
"orig": "pl:Card games",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "25 25 0 0 18 15 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 23 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using etymon with no ID",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 19 2 2 24 17 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 6 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"type of card game"
],
"id": "en-bigos-pl-noun-VY7qZn5w",
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"card game",
"card game#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish, card games) type of card game"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbi.ɡɔs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbi.ɡɔs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iɡɔs"
},
{
"homophone": "Bigos"
}
],
"word": "bigos"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"Pages using etymon with no ID",
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Pages with etymon",
"Pages with inline etymon for redlinks",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with etymology texts",
"Polish entries with etymology trees",
"Polish entries with etymon",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from German",
"Polish terms derived from German",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₁ep-",
"Polish terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European word *h₁épi",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/iɡɔs",
"Rhymes:Polish/iɡɔs/2 syllables",
"pl:Poland",
"pl:Soups"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"proper-noun"
],
"word": "Bigos"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"verb"
],
"word": "bigosować"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigos"
},
{
"lang": "Kashubian",
"lang_code": "csb",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigòs"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigus"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigos"
},
{
"lang": "Silesian",
"lang_code": "szl",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed",
"Cieszyn"
],
"word": "bigōs"
},
{
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigos"
},
{
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "bigos"
}
],
"etymology_links": [
[
"*h₁ep-",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁ep-"
],
[
"*h₁épi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁épi"
],
[
"*h₁pi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁pi"
],
[
"*bi",
"Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/bi"
],
[
"*bī",
"Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/bī"
],
[
"bī",
"bi#Old_High_German"
],
[
"bī",
"bi#Middle_High_German"
],
[
"bei",
"bei#German"
],
[
"bei-",
"bei-#German"
],
[
"Guss",
"Guss#German"
],
[
"Beiguss",
"Beiguss#German"
],
[
"Beiguss",
"Beiguss#German"
],
[
"bei-",
"bei-#German"
],
[
"Guss",
"Guss#German"
]
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": ":bor",
"3": "de:Beiguss<t:sauce><ety:af<de:bei-><de:Guss>><ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Halina Zgółkowa, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1994–2005), “bigos”, in <cite>Praktyczny słownik współczesnej polszczyzny</cite>, volumes 1–50, Poznań: Wydawnictwo Kurpisz, <small>→ISBN</small></span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">Witold Doroszewski, editor (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1958–1969), “bigos”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), Warszawa: PWN</span></span> !!! <span class=\"cited-source\">J. Karłowicz, A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (<span class=\"None\" lang=\"und\">1900), “bigos”, in <cite>Słownik języka polskiego</cite> (in Polish), volume 1, Warsaw, page 154</span></span>>",
"etydate": "1534<ref:<span class=\"cited-source\">Maria Renata Mayenowa, <span style=\"cursor:help;border-bottom: 1px dotted currentcolor\" title=\"[[w:pl:Stanisław Rospond (językoznawca)|Stanisław Rospond]], [[w:Witold Taszycki]], [[w:pl:Stefan Hrabec|Stefan Hrabec]], [[w:pl:Władysław Kuraszkiewicz|Władysław Kuraszkiewicz]]\">et al., editors (2010-2023), “bigos”, in <cite>Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku</cite> [<cite>A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish</cite>]</span></span>>",
"text": "*",
"tree": "+"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁épsder.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁épider.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁pi\nProto-Germanic *bi\nProto-West Germanic *bī\nOld High German bī\nMiddle High German bī\nGerman bei\nGerman bei-\nGerman Guss\nGerman Beigussbor.\nPolish bigos\n[Appendix:Glossary#loanword|Borrowed]] from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"gloss\" : \"sauce\", \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"alt\" : \"*h₁éps\", \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"children\" : [ { \"keyword_abbrev\" : \"der.\", \"keyword_label\" : \"Derived from\", \"terms\" : [ { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁ep-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁épi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"derived\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Indo-European\", \"term\" : \"*h₁pi\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"ine-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bi\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gem-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Proto-West Germanic\", \"term\" : \"*bī\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"gmw-pro\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Old High German\", \"term\" : \"bī\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"goh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Middle High German\", \"term\" : \"bī\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"gmh\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"Inherited from\", \"keyword\" : \"inherited\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"bei\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"keyword\" : \"from\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"bei-\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"de\" }, { \"children\" : [ ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Guss\", \"status\" : \"missing\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword_label\" : \"From\", \"is_group\" : true, \"keyword\" : \"affix\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"German\", \"term\" : \"Beiguss\", \"status\" : \"inline\", \"lang\" : \"de\" } ], \"keyword\" : \"bor\" } ], \"lang_name\" : \"Polish\", \"term\" : \"bigos\", \"status\" : \"ok\", \"lang\" : \"pl\" }\" data-lang=\"pl\" data-title=\"bigos\">\nBorrowed from German Beiguss (“sauce”), from bei- + Guss. First attested in 1534.",
"name": "ety"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *h₁ep-der.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁épsder.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁épider.\nProto-Indo-European *h₁pi\nProto-Germanic *bi\nProto-West Germanic *bī\nOld High German bī\nMiddle High German bī\nGerman bei\nGerman bei-\nGerman Guss\nGerman Beigussbor.\nPolish bigos\nBorrowed from German Beiguss (“sauce”), from bei- + Guss. First attested in 1534.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "bigosik",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosowy",
"tags": [
"adjective"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bigos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-mid-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "bigos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "bigosem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in",
"adj": "bigosowy",
"dim": "bigosik"
},
"expansion": "bigos m inan (diminutive bigosik, related adjective bigosowy)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"bi‧gos"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"bi‧gos"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
},
{
"args": {
"accp": "bigosy",
"accs": "bigos",
"datp": "-",
"dats": "-",
"genp": "-",
"gens": "bigosa/bigosu",
"insp": "-",
"inss": "bigosem",
"locp": "-",
"locs": "-",
"nomp": "bigosy",
"noms": "bigos",
"vocp": "-",
"vocs": "-"
},
"name": "pl-mid-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"bigos (a traditional Polish stew containing cabbage and meat)"
],
"links": [
[
"bigos",
"bigos#English:_Q598222"
],
[
"stew",
"stew"
],
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) bigos (a traditional Polish stew containing cabbage and meat)"
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish countable nouns",
"Polish uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"bigos (a traditional Polish stew containing cabbage and meat)",
"bigos (single portion of this dish)"
],
"links": [
[
"bigos",
"bigos#English:_Q598222"
],
[
"stew",
"stew"
],
[
"cabbage",
"cabbage"
],
[
"meat",
"meat"
],
[
"bigos",
"bigos#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncountable) bigos (a traditional Polish stew containing cabbage and meat)",
"(countable) bigos (single portion of this dish)"
],
"tags": [
"countable",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish countable nouns",
"Polish terms with collocations",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
7,
12
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
8,
17
]
],
"english": "quite a commotion",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "niezły bigos",
"translation": "quite a commotion",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
10,
15
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
7,
11
]
],
"english": "a real stir",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "prawdziwy bigos",
"translation": "a real stir",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
8,
14
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
10,
19
]
],
"english": "to stir a commotion",
"tags": [
"collocation"
],
"text": "narobić bigosu",
"translation": "to stir a commotion",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
14,
20
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
22,
31
]
],
"english": "You've caused quite a commotion!",
"text": "Ale narobiłeś bigosu!",
"translation": "You've caused quite a commotion!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"commotion, stir"
],
"links": [
[
"commotion",
"commotion"
],
[
"stir",
"stir"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(countable, colloquial, figuratively) commotion, stir"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"countable",
"figuratively",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses",
"Polish uncountable nouns"
],
"glosses": [
"synonym of rzeź /siekanina"
],
"links": [
[
"rzeź",
"rzeź#Polish"
],
[
"siekanina",
"siekanina#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete, uncountable) synonym of rzeź /siekanina"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "rzeź /siekanina"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete",
"uncountable"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"bigos (dish (soup, broth, sauce) made of fish)"
],
"links": [
[
"bigos",
"bigos#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) bigos (dish (soup, broth, sauce) made of fish)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"leftover casserole (meal prepared from leftovers from previous dishes)"
],
"links": [
[
"leftover",
"leftover"
],
[
"casserole",
"casserole"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) leftover casserole (meal prepared from leftovers from previous dishes)"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish",
"pl:Card games"
],
"glosses": [
"type of card game"
],
"links": [
[
"card game",
"card game"
],
[
"card game",
"card game#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish, card games) type of card game"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"topics": [
"card-games",
"games"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈbi.ɡɔs/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈbi.ɡɔs/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-iɡɔs"
},
{
"homophone": "Bigos"
}
],
"word": "bigos"
}
Download raw JSONL data for bigos meaning in Polish (14.1kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-09-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-09-02 using wiktextract (1a05e46 and e3d6d4e). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.